Examining message framing in a higher education crisis: A qualitative analysis of organizational perspectives and media portrayals

IF 3.4 3区管理学 Q2 BUSINESS Public Relations Review Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-24 DOI:10.1016/j.pubrev.2024.102533

Nell C. Huang-Horowitz , Andrea M. Smith

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Abstract

On January 22, 2024, all 23 California State University (CSU) campuses participated in the largest higher education labor strike in U.S. history. Shortly after news outlets learned of a planned strike, coverage of the strike and ongoing negotiations between the California Faculty Association (CFA) union and CSU management rapidly intensified. This study aimed to analyze the message framing of two opposing organizations representing higher education interests and investigate whether their framing influenced how the news media portrayed the crisis. We employed thematic analysis to examine three sources of information published before, during, and after the strike from June 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024: CSU press releases and direct communication to faculty; CFA press releases and direct communication to members; and national news coverage of the strike. Through iterative coding and theme development, we identified key frames used by the organizations and the media. From our analysis of the CSU and CFA communication, competing frames emerged around three overarching categories: (1) framing of the self, (2) framing of the other, and (3) framing of the situation. Three media frames also emerged from the news coverage: (1) disruptions for students, (2) student support for faculty, and (3) contextualization of the crisis. We discuss the implications of these findings for the theory and practice of message framing.

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审视高等教育危机中的信息框架：对组织视角和媒体描述的定性分析

2024年1月22日，加州州立大学（CSU）全部23个校区参加了美国历史上最大规模的高等教育罢工。在新闻媒体得知罢工计划后不久，对罢工和加州教师协会（CFA）工会与CSU管理层之间正在进行的谈判的报道迅速加剧。本研究旨在分析代表高等教育利益的两个对立组织的信息框架，并调查他们的框架是否影响了新闻媒体对危机的描述。我们采用主题分析的方法来研究2023年6月1日至2024年2月29日罢工之前、期间和之后发布的三个信息来源：科罗拉多州立大学的新闻稿和与教师的直接沟通；CFA新闻稿和与会员的直接沟通；以及全国新闻对这次罢工的报道。通过迭代编码和主题开发，我们确定了组织和媒体使用的关键框架。从我们对CSU和CFA交流的分析来看，竞争框架围绕三个主要类别出现：(1)自我框架，(2)他人框架，(3)情境框架。从新闻报道中也出现了三种媒体框架：(1)对学生的干扰，(2)学生对教师的支持，(3)危机的背景化。我们讨论了这些发现对信息框架理论和实践的影响。

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来源期刊

Public Relations Review Multiple-

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

19.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Public Relations Review is the oldest journal devoted to articles that examine public relations in depth, and commentaries by specialists in the field. Most of the articles are based on empirical research undertaken by professionals and academics in the field. In addition to research articles and commentaries, The Review publishes invited research in brief, and book reviews in the fields of public relations, mass communications, organizational communications, public opinion formations, social science research and evaluation, marketing, management and public policy formation.