A journey of terahertz communication: An IRS integration perspective

Abstract

Sixth generation (6G) wireless technology is predicted to bring revolutionary changes to network sensing capabilities and allow for extraordinarily large communication capacities. Because of its unexplored frequency bands, short wavelengths, and bandwidths that provide excellent spatial resolution, the terahertz (THz) frequency range (0.1 THz–10 THz) stands out as a potential enabler. In addition to helping to address the existing spectrum shortage, the enormous bandwidth accessible at THz frequencies can clear the path for the wireless terabit-per-second (Tbps) connectivity needed for 6G networks. This article in contrast to previous surveys concentrates on the difficulties and essential technologies in THz communication. The use of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRS) in THz communication systems is heavily emphasized. With its capacity to dynamically control electromagnetic waves, IRS technology offers a revolutionary means of addressing issues including excessive path loss and absorption losses related to THz frequencies. In the THz domain, the notion of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is also discussed, emphasizing its dual role in enabling data transfer and environmental sensing at the same time. This review attempts to provide a thorough knowledge of the revolutionary influence of these new technologies on future wireless networks by looking at the fundamentals, technological developments, and real-world applications of THz-IRS systems. THz communication integration with IRS and ISAC has the potential to completely transform wireless communication and open the door to incredibly fast, dependable, and intelligent network solutions.