Enhanced antiwear performance of EV lubricants with Ti3C2Tx MXene modified by tetradecylphosphonic acid under electrified conditions

Abstract

The growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) has underscored the critical need for efficient lubricants capable of addressing the challenges of the electrified interfaces. This research presents the tribological, thermal, and electrochemical corrosion characteristics of multilayered Ti₃C₂T_x MXene modified by tetradecylphosphonic acid (MXene@TDPA) as antiwear additives. Tribological investigations were performed utilizing an SRV friction tester under the influence of electrification. The results were then compared to those obtained from commercial oil currently used in EVs. The results demonstrate that the lubricant containing the MXene@TDPA additive exhibits superior anti-corrosion characteristics compared to the commercial oil. Notably, the results demonstrate that the MXene@TDPA additive achieves a significant improvement in antiwear properties of up to 77 % at 6 A and 100 °C. Furthermore, the MXene@TDPA additive maintains its lubrication performance across a wide temperature range up to 300 °C without seizure. This work highlights the potential of MXene-based additives to decrease the failure rate of mechanical components in EVs.