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Enhancing high-temperature wear resistance by constructing the amorphous-crystal heterointerface structure in WO3/TiO2 composite coatings 通过在 WO3/TiO2 复合涂层中构建非晶-晶体异质面结构增强高温耐磨性
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110397
Zuhong Gan , Bingkun Ning , Yamei Mao , Yongnan Chen , Lei Li , Nan Wang , Lixia Zhu , Guangrui Gao , Ke Hua
The WO3/TiO2 composite coatings with varying amorphous content were fabricated in electrolytes with varying addition of tungsten source, and their tribological properties were tested from 25 ℃ to 600 ℃. The results indicated the composite coatings showed better mechanical and tribological properties at room temperature and exhibited superior wear resistance at high temperatures especially for 400 ℃. The enhanced high-temperature wear resistance was attributed to the formation of nanocrystals and the establishment of amorphous-crystal heterointerface, which effectively impedes dislocation movement and makes them accumulate dispersed along the interface because of the small size of nanocrystals. This work offers a theoretical foundation for enhancing the wear properties of the coatings under high-temperature conditions through the construction of an amorphous-crystal structure.
在不同钨源添加量的电解液中制备了不同非晶含量的 WO3/TiO2 复合涂层,并测试了其在 25 ℃ 至 600 ℃ 的摩擦学性能。结果表明,复合涂层在室温下具有更好的机械性能和摩擦学性能,在高温下尤其是 400 ℃ 时表现出优异的耐磨性。高温耐磨性的增强归因于纳米晶体的形成和非晶-晶体异质界面的建立,由于纳米晶体尺寸小,能有效阻碍位错运动并使其沿界面分散聚集。这项研究为通过构建非晶结构提高涂层在高温条件下的磨损性能提供了理论基础。
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引用次数: 0
A Ni-Cu/CuPP composite coating with good wear resistance and long-term corrosion resistance for seawater applications 具有良好耐磨性和长期耐腐蚀性的 Ni-Cu/CuPP 复合涂层,适用于海水应用领域
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110393
Xingtao Cheng , Kaijun Wei , Hongjie Li , Na Teng , Shijun Xu , Quangang Chen , Xianmin Gong , Yi He , Siming Yan
At the present time, the subject of seawater scouring and corrosion phenomena is attracting considerable attention. Accordingly, the present study involved the synthesis of CuPP materials and the preparation of Ni-Cu/CuPP coatings for deployment in marine environments characterised by elevated stress and corrosion. The results show that CuPP can effectively enhance the wear resistance and long-term corrosion resistance of Ni-Cu coatings, which is attributed to ‘fine grain strengthening’ and ‘diffusion strengthening’. Furthermore, the formation of a friction transfer film and the transformation of the wear mechanism are the primary factors contributing to the exceptional wear resistance of the Ni-Cu/CuPP composite coatings.
目前,海水冲刷和腐蚀现象这一主题正引起人们的广泛关注。因此,本研究涉及 CuPP 材料的合成和 Ni-Cu/CuPP 涂层的制备,以便在具有高应力和腐蚀特征的海洋环境中使用。结果表明,CuPP 能有效提高 Ni-Cu 涂层的耐磨性和长期耐腐蚀性,这归功于 "细晶粒强化 "和 "扩散强化"。此外,摩擦传递膜的形成和磨损机制的转变也是 Ni-Cu/CuPP 复合涂层具有优异耐磨性的主要原因。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of inclusion on contact damage evolution of wind turbine gears based on configurational force theory 基于构型力理论的包容性对风力涡轮机齿轮接触损伤演变的影响
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110391
Rong Wang , Yanhui Zhang , Ran Liu , Shuyong Duan , Jia Wang , Chengjiao Yu
The gear box of wind turbine is subjected to the complex environment such as random wind load for a long time, and the gear contact fatigue becomes a key factor limiting the stability and reliability of wind turbine equipment. Therefore, the research on the gear contact damage evolution mechanism is faced with difficulties such as complex stress states, damage anisotropy and failure modeling. However, traditional fracture mechanics and damage mechanics are limited in predicting the failure load of complex defects and evaluating the structural integrity. Material configurational force theory can describe the effect of defect configurational change on the free energy of materials and be used to predict the damage and failure behavior of materials. In this paper, a wind turbine gear contact damage model is constructed based on this theory. The gear contact interface stress field simulation analysis is carried out for the key bearing area of gear contact, and the gear contact damage evolution process under contact load is simulated. For the problem of gear failure caused by metal oxide inclusion, the damage evolution model based on Jk parameters is established. The damage evolution process of gear containing inclusions under contact loading is simulated numerically, and the influence of depth, shape and location of inclusions on the damage evolution behavior is analyzed. The research results have shown that the configurational force theory damage model can effectively simulate the contact damage phenomenon of gear and explain the pitting and spalling of gear surfaces. It has theoretical significance to predict contact fatigue life of gear accurately.
风电机组齿轮箱长期承受随机风载荷等复杂环境,齿轮接触疲劳成为制约风电机组设备稳定性和可靠性的关键因素。因此,齿轮接触损伤演化机理的研究面临着复杂应力状态、损伤各向异性和失效建模等难题。然而,传统的断裂力学和损伤力学在预测复杂缺陷的破坏载荷和评估结构完整性方面存在局限性。材料构型力理论可以描述缺陷构型变化对材料自由能的影响,并用于预测材料的损伤和失效行为。本文基于该理论构建了风力涡轮机齿轮接触损伤模型。针对齿轮接触的关键承载区域进行了齿轮接触界面应力场模拟分析,模拟了接触载荷作用下齿轮接触损伤的演变过程。针对金属氧化物夹杂导致的齿轮失效问题,建立了基于 Jk 参数的损伤演化模型。对含有夹杂物的齿轮在接触载荷下的损伤演化过程进行了数值模拟,分析了夹杂物的深度、形状和位置对损伤演化行为的影响。研究结果表明,构力理论损伤模型能有效模拟齿轮的接触损伤现象,解释齿轮表面的点蚀和剥落。这对准确预测齿轮的接触疲劳寿命具有重要的理论意义。
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引用次数: 0
Wetting properties of polymer additively manufactured surfaces – Multiscale and multi-technique study into the surface-measurement-function interactions 聚合物添加剂制造表面的润湿性能 - 表面测量-功能相互作用的多尺度和多技术研究
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110394
Tomasz Bartkowiak , Katarzyna Peta , Jolanta B. Królczyk , Piotr Niesłony , Marta Bogdan-Chudy , Łukasz Przeszłowski , Anna Trych-Wildner , Natalia Wojciechowska , Grzegorz M. Królczyk , Michał Wieczorowski
The functional features of 3D printing surfaces can be controlled by changing the parameters of additive processes. This study investigates the correlations between built-up angle, surface fractal complexity, and wettability in additively manufactured surfaces using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), and Multi Jet Printing (MJT). Surface topography was measured using four optical techniques: focus variation, confocal microscopy, confocal fusion, and interferometry, across multiple scales. The study explored linear, logarithmic, and exponential regression models to identify the best correlations and scale of interactions between the built-up angle, surface complexity, and contact angle. It was found that the built-up angle significantly influences surface fractal complexity, with strong correlations (R² > 0.85) observed particularly at a scale of around 1100 µm². Confocal fusion offered the best reproducibility of measurements, especially at finer scales (< 100 µm²). Surface complexity was also found to correlate strongly with wettability, especially at scales around 1000 µm² and under 10 µm², where exponential regression models performed slightly better, particularly for MJT surfaces. Topographic measurement modes are reproducible with slightly better correlation indices for confocal fusion, between built-up angle and surface complexity. The best correlation of built-up angle, surface complexity and contact angle parameters was obtained for linear regression. The results suggest that surface wettability can be controlled by adjusting the built-up angle, with FDM and SLS surfaces transitioning from hydrophobic to hydrophilic as the angle increases beyond 70 degree, while MJT surfaces remained hydrophobic even at higher angles. The built-up angle parameter allows modeling wettability in the range of 80–120°. The study also indicates the superiority of multiscale parameters over conventional topographic characterization methods in describing additively manufactured surfaces.
三维打印表面的功能特征可通过改变增材制造工艺的参数来控制。本研究采用熔融沉积建模(FDM)、选择性激光烧结(SLS)和多重喷射打印(MJT)技术,研究了增材制造表面的堆积角、表面分形复杂性和润湿性之间的相关性。使用四种光学技术测量了多种尺度的表面形貌:聚焦变化、共焦显微镜、共焦融合和干涉测量。研究探索了线性、对数和指数回归模型,以确定堆积角、表面复杂性和接触角之间的最佳相关性和相互作用尺度。研究发现,堆积角对表面分形复杂性有显著影响,尤其是在 1100 µm² 左右的尺度上观察到了很强的相关性(R² >0.85)。共焦融合技术提供了最佳的测量重现性,尤其是在更精细的尺度(100 µm²)上。研究还发现,表面复杂性与润湿性密切相关,尤其是在 1000 µm² 左右和 10 µm² 以下的尺度上,指数回归模型的表现稍好,特别是对于 MJT 表面。地形测量模式具有良好的重现性,共焦融合模式下的堆积角与表面复杂性之间的相关指数略好。线性回归法获得了堆积角、表面复杂性和接触角参数的最佳相关性。结果表明,表面润湿性可通过调整建构角来控制,当建构角增加到 70 度以上时,FDM 和 SLS 表面会从疏水过渡到亲水,而 MJT 表面即使在更大的建构角下仍然是疏水的。建构角参数可以模拟 80-120° 范围内的润湿性。这项研究还表明,在描述添加剂制造的表面时,多尺度参数比传统的地形表征方法更有优势。
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引用次数: 0
Probing the low friction mechanisms of WC/a-C films under low humidity conditions 探究低湿度条件下 WC/a-C 薄膜的低摩擦机理
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110390
Dongqing He , Xiangxiang Pan , Feng Mao , Lunlin Shang
Developing a carbonaceous transfer film on the counterpart surface leads to a C/C strong adhesive interface, which dominates the friction behavior of hydrogen-free carbon-based films in low-humidity environments, ultimately resulting in high friction. This research illustrated that WC/a-C films can accomplish low friction under low humidity conditions, a performance not attainable for hydrogen-free carbon-based films. To clarify the low friction mechanisms, a comparative investigation was conducted on the frictional characteristics of a-C, WC/a-C:H, and WC/a-C films. Contrary to two prevalent lubrication hypotheses of ‘friction-induced graphitization’ and ‘passivation’ mechanisms in carbon-based films, the establishment of an intrinsic weakly adhesive C/WO3 sliding interface was identified as a critical factor contributing to the low friction of WC/a-C films.
在对应物表面形成碳质转移膜会导致 C/C 强粘合界面,在低湿度环境下,这种界面会主导无氢碳基薄膜的摩擦行为,最终导致高摩擦。这项研究表明,WC/a-C 薄膜可以在低湿度条件下实现低摩擦,这是无氢碳基薄膜无法达到的性能。为了阐明低摩擦机理,我们对 a-C、WC/a-C:H 和 WC/a-C 薄膜的摩擦特性进行了比较研究。与碳基薄膜中 "摩擦诱导石墨化 "和 "钝化 "机制这两种流行的润滑假说相反,WC/a-C 薄膜低摩擦的关键因素是建立了一个固有的弱粘性 C/WO3 滑动界面。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation on high-temperature tribological performance of laser directed energy deposited Inconel 625 for aerospace applications 用于航空航天应用的激光定向能沉积铬镍铁合金 625 的高温摩擦学性能研究
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110388
Amit K. Praharaj , Srikanth Bontha , Vamsi K. Balla , Sunil K. Chakrapani , P.S. Suvin
Laser directed energy deposition (LDED) is an emerging technique for fabricating superalloy based aero engine components. Hence, the current work investigates the tribological performance of LDED processed IN625 at room temperature (RT) and high temperature (HT) conditions of 850 °C to replicate the operating environment of aero engine components. The comparison with conventionally processed (CP) sample confirmed that as-deposited (AD) sample showed similar friction behavior to the CP sample but slightly improved wear performance. The COF and wear rate of AD sample reduced significantly at HT compared to RT due to the evolution of stable oxide layer. NiO, Fe2O3, and Cr2O3 were the major phases in oxide layer. The work indicates suitability of LDED to fabricate wear resistant surfaces.
激光定向能沉积(LDED)是一种用于制造基于超级合金的航空发动机部件的新兴技术。因此,目前的工作研究了 LDED 加工的 IN625 在室温(RT)和 850 °C 高温(HT)条件下的摩擦学性能,以模拟航空发动机部件的工作环境。与传统加工(CP)样品的比较结果表明,AD 样品的摩擦性能与 CP 样品相似,但磨损性能略有改善。由于形成了稳定的氧化层,AD 样品在高温下的 COF 和磨损率比在低温下明显降低。氧化物层中的主要物相为氧化镍、氧化铁和氧化铬。这项研究表明,LDED 适用于制造耐磨表面。
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引用次数: 0
Reliable and high-performance Ag-doped MoSi2 film with enhanced mechanical and tribological properties 可靠、高性能的掺银 MoSi2 薄膜,具有更强的机械和摩擦学特性
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110386
Ping Ren , Daliang Yu , Ganggang Wang , Jie Guo , Shangzhou Zhang , Hideo Kimura , Xin Zhou , Xiaofei Ma , Huanyu Li , Mao Wen
The Mo-Ag-Si solid solution film was prepared using magnetron sputtering to enhance hardness and toughness while reducing friction and wear. Compared with the pure MoSi2 film, the Mo-Ag-Si solid solution film exhibited a 25.69 % increase in hardness, a 5.17 % increase in the H/E ratio, and a 33.33 % boost in the H³/E² ratio. Tribological tests revealed that Ag atoms formed a self-lubricating AgMoxOy phase, reducing the friction coefficient to 0.09 and the wear rate to 3.89 × 10⁻⁷ mm³ /N·m over 565 m. First-principle calculations indicate that the Mo-Ag-Si solid solution film exhibited better mechanical and tribological properties than the pure MoSi2 film. These findings provide another approach for developing reliable MoSi2 films with high performance.
利用磁控溅射技术制备了钼银硅固溶体薄膜,以提高硬度和韧性,同时减少摩擦和磨损。与纯 MoSi2 薄膜相比,Mo-Ag-Si 固溶体薄膜的硬度提高了 25.69%,H/E 比提高了 5.17%,H³/E² 比提高了 33.33%。摩擦学测试表明,银原子形成了自润滑的 AgMoxOy 相,使摩擦系数降低到 0.09,565 米的磨损率降低到 3.89 × 10-⁷ mm³ /N-m。这些发现为开发性能可靠的 MoSi2 薄膜提供了另一种方法。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of 3D interconnected Zr-BN based hybrid filler on the tribological properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites 基于 Zr-BN 的三维互联混合填料对碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料摩擦学性能的影响
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110385
Chinmoy Kuila , Animesh Maji , Rajkumar Wagmare , Phani Kumar Mallisetty , Naresh Chandra Murmu , Tapas Kuila
The rapid growth of portable electronics requires a multifunctional composite with superior wear capability. Exceptional wear resistance is crucial for preventing early failure of laminated materials in harsh operating conditions. Hence, fabricating novel materials with excellent anti-wear performance is the primary objective in forthcoming integrated devices. The coefficient of friction (COF) and specific wear rate (Ws) of the fabricated composites were evaluated by tribo-test. The worn surface was analyzed using atomic force microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Incorporating the hybrid filler improved the wear performance of the corresponding composites. Compared to the CFRP composite, the COF and Ws of BN (60 %)-ZrO2(40 %)/carbon fiber/epoxy composite were reduced by ∼56 % and 92 %, benefiting multifunctional thermal interface applications.
便携式电子产品的快速发展需要一种具有卓越耐磨性能的多功能复合材料。优异的耐磨性对于防止层压材料在恶劣的工作条件下提前失效至关重要。因此,制造具有优异抗磨损性能的新型材料是即将推出的集成设备的首要目标。通过摩擦试验评估了复合材料的摩擦系数(COF)和特定磨损率(Ws)。使用原子力显微镜和场发射扫描电子显微镜对磨损表面进行了分析。混合填料的加入改善了相应复合材料的磨损性能。与 CFRP 复合材料相比,BN(60%)-ZrO2(40%)/碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的 COF 和 Ws 分别降低了 56% 和 92%,有利于多功能热界面的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Multiscale model of material removal for ultrasonic assisted polishing of cylindrical surfaces 圆柱表面超声波辅助抛光的材料去除多尺度模型
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110383
Fanwei Meng , Zhijie Cui , Yingdong Liang , Zixuan Wang , Tianbiao Yu , Zhelun Ma , Ji Zhao
Ultrasonic assisted polishing is an effective and precise method in engineering production that applies in finishing surface. A multiscale model was developed which is able to forecast the surface micromorphology and material removal rate. Process factors were considered include polishing force, grain diameter, ultrasonic amplitude and so on in this model at different scales. The impact of various process factors on surface roughness and material removal rate were analyzed by orthogonal experimental table. The perfect combination of process parameters was identified, and its effectiveness was verified through both simulations and experimental analysis, with an error rate below 9.43 %. To provide a mechanism study of ultrasonic polishing of curved surfaces and optimization of process parameters by this theoretical model.
超声波辅助抛光是工程生产中一种有效而精确的表面抛光方法。开发的多尺度模型能够预测表面微观形态和材料去除率。该模型在不同尺度上考虑的工艺因素包括抛光力、晶粒直径、超声波振幅等。通过正交实验表分析了各种工艺因素对表面粗糙度和材料去除率的影响。确定了工艺参数的完美组合,并通过模拟和实验分析验证了其有效性,误差率低于 9.43%。通过该理论模型对曲面超声波抛光进行机理研究并优化工艺参数。
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引用次数: 0
Tribological performance enhancement of AISI 1050 steel through FeNiCrCoMo high-entropy alloy TIG weld cladding 通过铁镍铬钴钼高熵合金氩弧焊堆焊提高 AISI 1050 钢的摩擦学性能
IF 6.1 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.triboint.2024.110349
Sumit Rana , Lalit Thakur , Navneet Arora
The tribological behavior of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welded high entropy alloy (HEA) FeNiCrCoMo cladding deposited on AISI 1050 steel substrate was studied. The response surface methodology (RSM) optimized the TIG welding parameters. The SEM images revealed no signs of intermetallic compounds in the cladding, and the XRD analysis showed that the FeNiCrCoMo greatest peak corresponds to the BCC+FCC mixed phase. The microhardness and sliding wear resistance of the cladding were superior compared to the steel substrate owing to the solid solution strengthening and the presence of mixed phase. The worn surfaces of HEA claddings showed the presence of wear debris, grooves and micro-cutting from sliding wear as revealed by the SEM and 3-D profilometry images.
研究了钨极惰性气体(TIG)焊接沉积在 AISI 1050 钢基体上的高熵合金(HEA)FeNiCrCoMo 堆焊层的摩擦学行为。响应面方法 (RSM) 优化了 TIG 焊接参数。扫描电镜图像显示,堆焊层中没有金属间化合物的迹象,XRD 分析表明,FeNiCrCoMo 最大峰值对应于 BCC+FCC 混合相。由于固溶强化和混合相的存在,堆焊层的显微硬度和滑动耐磨性优于钢基体。扫描电子显微镜和三维轮廓仪图像显示,HEA 堆焊层的磨损表面存在磨损碎屑、沟槽和滑动磨损产生的微切削。
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引用次数: 0
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Tribology International
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