Tribology International最新文献

{"title":"Application of finite element analysis and computational fluid dynamics in machining AISI 4340 steel","authors":"Haniff A. Rahman ,&nbsp;Jaharah A. Ghani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rasidi Mohammad Rasani ,&nbsp;Wan Mohd. Faizal Wan Mahmood ,&nbsp;Saima Yaaqob ,&nbsp;Mohd Syafiq Abd Aziz","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AISI 4340 is a low-alloy steel with moderate carbon content that has garnered significant attention due to its remarkable properties, including high strength, toughness, and heat resistance. These characteristics make it highly desirable across industries such as construction, automotive, and aerospace. However, machining AISI 4340 poses substantial challenges due to the complex thermomechanical loading and high strain rates involved, which generate significant heat. This heat leads to accelerated tool wear, diminished productivity, and poor surface quality. High-speed machining (HSM) processes have shown promise in improving material removal rates and surface finish quality. However, the elevated temperatures in the cutting zone remain a critical concern, particularly in terms of tool durability. In response to these challenges, the development of virtual models has gained importance for reducing research time and costs. This review synthesizes relevant literature from the past decade, focusing on the application of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in machining processes involving AISI 4340 steel. It highlights the critical role of simulation techniques in optimizing machining processes, addressing key challenges, and improving overall operational efficiency and precision. For instance, FEA is extensively used for chip formation and machining response prediction, requiring careful consideration of cutting parameters and meshing quality to ensure accuracy. Meanwhile, CFD studies have primarily explored low cutting speeds and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) systems, but not under high-speed cutting conditions. Most studies conducted have utilized FEA and CFD separately. Therefore, this review examines current trends and future directions, including the integration of CFD and FEA models for high-speed machining applications. Notably, most research on AISI 4340 machining has concentrated on improving cutting tools, optimizing cutting parameters, and advancing modelling techniques under dry machining conditions, but limited attention to coolant-assisted machining or Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) application. Another identified research gaps, such as the limited exploration of integrated CFD-FEA models and high-speed machining under MQL conditions, provide avenues for future improvements in machining AISI 4340 steels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110616"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel Ni–Mo–W–V martensitic steel for hot working dies: Improved elevated–temperature mechanical properties and wear resistance via thermally stable MC nanoprecipitates","authors":"Junyu Chen ,&nbsp;Pengfei Jin ,&nbsp;Shujing Wang ,&nbsp;Chenhui Zhu ,&nbsp;Minheng Xu ,&nbsp;ZhiQiang Jia ,&nbsp;Xiao Liu ,&nbsp;Chao Zhao ,&nbsp;Cheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous advancement of industrial technologies, there is an increasing demand for hot working dies that can withstand higher operational temperatures and more severe loading conditions. Consequently, hot working die steels must exhibit exceptional elevated temperature strength to improve wear resistance. In this study, a martensitic low–alloy 23CrNi3Mo2WV (PG) steel is developed by incorporating Mo, W, and V to promote the precipitation of MC nanoscale carbides. Experimental results demonstrate that the ultimate tensile strength of PG reaches 543 ± 15 MPa at 700 °C, which is 322 ± 20 MPa higher than that of 5CrNiMo steel. Furthermore, the wear rate of PG is 4.39 ± 0.24 × 10^–7 mm³/N/m after a wear test at 500 °C, significantly lower than that of 5CrNiMo. Microstructural analysis further reveals the precipitation of needle–like MC nanocarbides in the PG steel after tempering, which exhibits higher thermal stability relative to M₃C carbides in the 5CrNiMo steel. The MC carbides follow a Baker–Nutting (B–N) orientation relationship (OR) of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mtext>MC</mtext></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mo>/</mo><mo>/</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mtext>α</mtext><mo>′</mo></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> with the martensitic matrix, and this B–N OR is remained following the wear test at 500 °C. This stable orientation relationship in PG steel contributes to the higher strength and lower wear rate compared to 5CrNiMo steel. Therefore, PG steel is a promising material for hot working die applications, offering an extended service life at elevated temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110618"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ti and TiN inter-layers on the composite interfacial wettability and composite abrasive wear resistance","authors":"Zilong Zhao,&nbsp;Yefei Li,&nbsp;Yuelang Li,&nbsp;Qiaoling Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two kinds of surface coatings containing Ti and TiN was prepared on the surface of ZrO₂ ceramic, respectively. The wettability of the high-chromium cast iron/TiN coated zirconia system at temperatures ranging from 1420 to 1460°C was investigated using the sessile drop method. The contact angle exhibited significant temperature dependence, with a value of 52° at 1420°C and 13° at 1460°C. The ceramic particles (mass fraction of ZrO₂ is 80 %, and Al₂O₃ is 20 %) were coated with Ti layer and TiN layer respectively, and two kinds of composite materials were prepared. Both types of composites exhibited tight metallurgical bonding between the metal and ceramic particles; the three-body abrasive wear test results indicated that the composite with TiN-coated ceramic particles had better wear resistance, approximately 1.2 times that of the composite with Ti-coated ceramic particles, and 6.8 times that of the pure high-Cr white cast iron, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110615"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of current-carrying tribological properties and mechanisms of in-situ 2TiB2/Cu-3B composite","authors":"Tian Yang ,&nbsp;Fei Cao ,&nbsp;Yihui Jiang ,&nbsp;Yanfang Wang ,&nbsp;Pengtao Li ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Xingde Zhang ,&nbsp;Di Huang ,&nbsp;Shuhua Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel 2TiB₂/Cu-3B composite was fabricated via in-situ reactive casting technology, and its current-carrying tribological properties and wear mechanisms under sliding electrical contact conditions were systematically investigated. The synergistic effect between the anti-friction B phase and wear-resistant TiB₂ particles significantly enhanced the wear resistance of the composites. Compared with 2TiB₂/Cu composite, the coefficient of friction and wear rate of the 2TiB₂/Cu-3B composite decreased by 63 % and 89 %, respectively. The dual-phase reinforcements ensured efficient current transmission while minimizing friction. The anti-friction layer regenerated during friction, while the uniform distribution of wear-resistant phases prevented overheating and delamination. Based on these synergistic mechanisms, 2TiB₂/Cu-3B composite exhibits excellent current-carrying and wear resistance properties, providing valuable insights for designing current-carrying materials in electrical contact applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110612"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ni@MoS2 addition on the microstructure and tribological performance of β-phase matrix composite coatings","authors":"Zhiqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuhui Pei ,&nbsp;Yin Du ,&nbsp;Ziming Yu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Yao ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Haifeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The NiCr-Cr₃C₂/Ni@MoS₂/Ti6Al4V self-lubricating and wear resistant composite coatings were successfully fabricated on the surface of Ti6Al4V via laser cladding. The effect of Ni@MoS₂ addition on the microstructure of the composite coating was investigated through a combination of first-principles calculations and experimental characterization. Subsequently, the intrinsic relationship between the microstructural evolution of and the wear properties of composite coatings was elucidated. The results demonstrated that the composite coatings with varying Ni@MoS₂ dosages consisted of β phases matrix, along with in-situ synthesized TiC, Ti₂Ni, Ti₂S, and TiS₃ phases. First-principles calculations and experimental results indicated that the sufficient in-situ synthesis of a lubricating phase (TiS₃) with two-dimensional layered structures and a strengthened phase (Ti₂S) effectively inhibits adhesion wear and enhances surface bearing capacity. Consequently, the composite coating containing 20 wt% Ni@MoS₂ exhibits reduced coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rates simultaneously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110610"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring synergistic and antagonistic interactions of MoS2 and multi-wall carbon nanotube additives in a composite top-of-rail friction modifier","authors":"Juan Camilo Vélez Molina ,&nbsp;Jesús Antonio Carlos Cornelio ,&nbsp;Robison Buitrago-Sierra ,&nbsp;Juan Felipe Santa Marin ,&nbsp;Lina Marcela Hoyos-Palacio ,&nbsp;Karen Cacua ,&nbsp;Juan Sebastián Rudas ,&nbsp;Alejandro Toro ,&nbsp;Roman Nevshupa","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of MoS₂ and Multi-Wall Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) additives onto thermal, mechanical and tribological properties of the vinyl ester polymer-matrix composites were systematically studied. Monocomponent and mixed additive compositions with concentrations ranging between 0 and 3 wt% showed complex behaviours. Tribological behaviour of steel-steel roiling-sliding simulating wheel-rail contact in presence of the composites significantly varied depending on the additives’ composition. Wear of the disks was mainly controlled by the composite capacity to form transfer film.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110611"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintering temperature effects on mechanical properties and antagonist wear of 3 mol% yttria stabilized zirconia","authors":"M.S. Amril ,&nbsp;N.H. Jamadon ,&nbsp;M.J. Ghazali ,&nbsp;H.Z. Yew ,&nbsp;M.I.M. Ahmad ,&nbsp;A. Muchtar","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia is widely used in dental restorations. However, due to its high mechanical properties, there is concern regarding the wear of its antagonist. This study investigated the impact of sintering temperature on the mechanical properties of 3 mol% yttria stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) and wear of its antagonist. Samples of 3YSZ were sintered at 1400 °C, 1500 °C, and 1600 °C. The microstructure of the samples was studied using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and their mechanical properties, including density, Vickers hardness, and fracture toughness, were characterized. A wear test was conducted to measure the wear of the 3YSZ antagonist. FESEM results showed that the 3YSZ microstructure sintered at 1600°C was homogeneous, densely packed, and had fewer pores. Furthermore, it also displayed higher relative density, Vickers hardness, and fracture toughness. However, the group of 3YSZ sintered at 1600 °C exhibited the highest antagonist wear. A final sintering temperature of 1500 °C resulted in 3YSZ samples with optimal mechanical properties and low antagonist wear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110613"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143507517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black phosphorus nanosheet dotted with Fe3O4-PDA nanoparticles: A novel lubricant additive for tribological applications","authors":"Xing Xu ,&nbsp;Fenghua Su ,&nbsp;Han Yu ,&nbsp;Ruizhe Liu ,&nbsp;Zhibiao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The enhancement of black phosphorus applications and its lubricating properties as an additive are subjects of growing interest. Here, a novel BP/Fe₃O₄-PDA nanocomposite was synthesized by a facile approach. The results suggested that black phosphorus was successfully dotted with spherical Fe₃O₄ and PDA nanoparticles, which induced an amorphous alteration in black phosphorus. The obtained nanocomposites exhibited excellent dispersion stability in soybean oil compared to pure black phosphorus. The tribological performance of BP/Fe₃O₄-PDA nanocomposites in soybean oil and grease was evaluated by a ball-on-disc tribometer under high load. It was found that the use of BP/Fe₃O₄-PDA additives greatly reduced the friction coefficient (by 55.3 % in oil, 64.3 % in grease) and wear, proving to be more effective than BP additives. The findings revealed that the tribofilm comprising Fe₃O₄, PDA, and black phosphorus were generated at the friction interface, and their synergistic lubrication was deemed the primary factor enhancing the lubricating properties of oil and grease by BP/Fe₃O₄-PDA nano-additives. Additionally, the carbon film extracted from soybean oil was regarded as a contributing factor to the superior lubricating properties of BP/Fe₃O₄-PDA when used as additives in oil. This work paves the way for broadening the tribological applications of black phosphorus in lubricating oils and greases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110607"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear due to fatigue initiation","authors":"M. Ciavarella","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persson and coauthors have recently proposed an extension of the Rabinowicz idea for fatigue wear at different scales of roughness, where Paris’ crack growth law is applied to ”potential” wear particles. However, Persson’s theory suffers from the fact that initial size of defects is unknown and fatigue life is not entirely due to propagation, so we investigate a different formulation, where a law for initiation of cracks is used for a specimen with initial roughness of engineering interest. We find that results (in particular dependence on amplitude of roughness, and on friction coefficient) are qualitatively similar to the original Persson and coworkers’ theory, but may differ substantially quantitatively. As the assumption of a constant fatigue threshold may be incorrect for short cracks, both fatigue limit and fatigue threshold are made dependent of crack size, using the Murakami formulation as one of the possible alternatives. This makes wear rate be sensitive to the fine scale details of the roughness spectrum, which has an effect on increasing wear rate and small particles emission. The model seems to have qualitative trends in agreement with experiments, but obviously wear is a very complex phenomenon and many factors may be not captured.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110592"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergetic lubrication between MoDTC and TiO2 nano-additive: Dynamic evolution of tribofilm induced by tribocatalysis and tribomechanical effect","authors":"Zhikai Fan ,&nbsp;Shanshan Wang ,&nbsp;Yihui Xiang ,&nbsp;Yanfei Liu ,&nbsp;Zeyang Yu ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Ge ,&nbsp;Wenzhong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.triboint.2025.110608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC) can significantly reduce friction and wear through the formation of lubricious tribofilm by decomposition of MoDTC, but it is difficult to regulate the tribochemical behaviors. In this study, TiO₂ nanoparticles are used as nano-additive combined with MoDTC, leading to reduced friction and wear under 50 N. The addition of TiO₂ with proper concentration can promote the formation of lubricious Mo-content tribofilm. Meanwhile, TiO₂ in tribofilm can also lead to enhanced wear-resistance. Moreover, the dynamic evolution of the tribofilm is also investigated under varied conditions to elucidate the synergetic lubrication mechanisms between MoDTC and TiO₂. These findings offer fundamental insights of the lubrication mechanisms of MoDTC when combined with nano-additives from both tribochemical and tribomechanical viewpoints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23238,"journal":{"name":"Tribology International","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 110608"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}