Conceptual design and testing for the advancement of mechanical counterpressure spacesuits

Abstract

In response to the growing demands for heightened efficiency in extravehicular activity solutions for upcoming missions, mechanical counterpressure (MCP) spacesuits have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional gas-pressurised suits. The distinctive attributes of these MCP suits offer numerous advantages, including reduced energy exertion, reduced risk of decompression failure in case of puncture, and enhanced astronaut comfort. This advanced concept utilises the application of direct pressure via tensioning fabric that is wrapped around the astronaut's body. This study addresses key engineering obstacles that have impeded the implementation of this technology, presenting a possible solution to several of these issues, demonstrated through experimental testing. The conceptual design moves away from the usage of smart materials, with a primary focus on mechanical components. The resulting prototype was successful in reaching a maximum counterpressure of 15.8 kPa whilst also being examined in the context of donning speed and garment sizing adjustability.