Roles of nanotechnology in electrochemical sensors for medical diagnostic purposes: A review

IF 4.9 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.sbsr.2024.100733

Ali R. Jalalvand, Mohammad Mehdi Karami

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Abstract

The rapid advancements in nanotechnology have significantly enhanced the capabilities of electrochemical sensors, particularly in the realm of medical diagnostics. This review article explores the integration of nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanotubes, and graphene in electrochemical sensors and their transformative impact on disease detection and health monitoring. Nanotechnology-enhanced sensors offer remarkable improvements in sensitivity, specificity, miniaturization, and making them ideal for point-of-care testing and real-time analysis. This review article provides a comprehensive information about the types and mechanisms of electrochemical sensors, the unique properties of nanomaterials that enhance sensor performance, and the diverse medical applications ranging from biomarker detection to pathogen identification. Despite the promising benefits, several challenges including technical, regulatory, and market barriers are discussed alongside potential strategies to overcome these hurdles. The ongoing research and development in this field promise to revolutionize medical diagnostics by providing rapid, accurate, and accessible testing solutions ultimately improving patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.

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纳米技术在医学诊断用电化学传感器中的作用综述

纳米技术的迅速发展大大提高了电化学传感器的能力，特别是在医疗诊断领域。这篇综述文章探讨了纳米材料如纳米颗粒、纳米线、纳米管和石墨烯在电化学传感器中的集成及其对疾病检测和健康监测的变革性影响。纳米技术增强的传感器在灵敏度、特异性、小型化方面有了显著的改进，使其成为即时检测和实时分析的理想选择。本文综述了电化学传感器的类型和机理，纳米材料的独特性能，以及从生物标志物检测到病原体鉴定的各种医学应用。尽管有很大的好处，但在讨论克服这些障碍的潜在战略的同时，还讨论了一些挑战，包括技术、监管和市场壁垒。该领域正在进行的研究和开发有望通过提供快速、准确和可访问的测试解决方案来彻底改变医疗诊断，最终改善患者的治疗效果和医疗效率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research Engineering-Electrical and Electronic Engineering

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

3.80%

发文量

审稿时长

87 days

期刊介绍： Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research is an open access journal dedicated to the research, design, development, and application of bio-sensing and sensing technologies. The editors will accept research papers, reviews, field trials, and validation studies that are of significant relevance. These submissions should describe new concepts, enhance understanding of the field, or offer insights into the practical application, manufacturing, and commercialization of bio-sensing and sensing technologies. The journal covers a wide range of topics, including sensing principles and mechanisms, new materials development for transducers and recognition components, fabrication technology, and various types of sensors such as optical, electrochemical, mass-sensitive, gas, biosensors, and more. It also includes environmental, process control, and biomedical applications, signal processing, chemometrics, optoelectronic, mechanical, thermal, and magnetic sensors, as well as interface electronics. Additionally, it covers sensor systems and applications, µTAS (Micro Total Analysis Systems), development of solid-state devices for transducing physical signals, and analytical devices incorporating biological materials.