Houman Alipooramirabad , Anna Paradowska , Mark Reid , Reza Ghomashchi
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The present study utilized both in-situ and ex-situ neutron diffraction to evaluate the evolution of residual strains/stresses before, during and after Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) of quenched and tempered (Q&T) Bisalloy 80 steel welded by pulsed Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW-P). It was found that strain/stress relaxation mainly occurred during the reheating step with a high relaxation rate and steep slope (∼67 % of strain relaxation) while linear strain relief was observed during holding (soaking) time. Most of the strain relief occurred within the temperature range of 450°C–600 °C which is believed to be due to creep strain development occurring far earlier than the component reaching the isothermal holding temperature. The ex-situ neutron diffraction measurements were similar to in-situ results confirming the applied PWHT effectively mitigated the residual stresses (the maximum longitudinal stress reduced to around 23 % of the weld metal yield strength).
The measurements were compared with existing literature data and the current fitness of safety assessment codes (BS7910 and R6). It was found that both assessment codes were conservative for both the transverse and longitudinal residual stresses in the region close to the weld toe. Furthermore, both standards may underestimate through-thickness residual stresses in the transverse direction.
期刊介绍：
Pressure vessel engineering technology is of importance in many branches of industry. This journal publishes the latest research results and related information on all its associated aspects, with particular emphasis on the structural integrity assessment, maintenance and life extension of pressurised process engineering plants.
The anticipated coverage of the International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping ranges from simple mass-produced pressure vessels to large custom-built vessels and tanks. Pressure vessels technology is a developing field, and contributions on the following topics will therefore be welcome:
• Pressure vessel engineering
• Structural integrity assessment
• Design methods
• Codes and standards
• Fabrication and welding
• Materials properties requirements
• Inspection and quality management
• Maintenance and life extension
• Ageing and environmental effects
• Life management
Of particular importance are papers covering aspects of significant practical application which could lead to major improvements in economy, reliability and useful life. While most accepted papers represent the results of original applied research, critical reviews of topical interest by world-leading experts will also appear from time to time.
International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping is indispensable reading for engineering professionals involved in the energy, petrochemicals, process plant, transport, aerospace and related industries; for manufacturers of pressure vessels and ancillary equipment; and for academics pursuing research in these areas.
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