International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping最新文献

{"title":"Research on tensile strain capacity model for FCAW/SMAW girth weld pipeline","authors":"Qingmei Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuguang Cao ,&nbsp;Yaya He ,&nbsp;Ying Zhen ,&nbsp;Guiyi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global oil and gas pipeline industry has experienced rapid development, with a significant number of pipelines located in geologically challenging areas prone to earthquakes, permafrost, landslides, and other conditions that induce large deformations. For the safety design and assessment of large-deformation pipelines, strain-based criteria offer a more rational approach, especially for girth welds, which are the primary weak points in pipeline integrity. The tensile strain capacity model for pipeline girth welds serves as an effective strain-based criterion. However, existing research provides limited modeling approaches specifically for wide-groove girth welds produced by flux cored arc welding (FCAW) and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). Existing models inadequately account for key factors influencing strain capacity, such as heat affected zone (HAZ) softening rates, low-strength matching coefficients, internal pressure, and high-low misalignment. Furthermore, these models are based on static crack methodologies, failing to fully capture the ductile tearing characteristics of girth welds, thereby underestimating their strain capacity. To address these gaps, this study employs a dynamic fracture numerical analysis method for pipeline girth welds to comprehensively investigate the factors affecting the strain capacity of combined automatic welding. Based on research patterns and numerical experimental data, an accurate and effective tensile strain capacity model for FCAW/SMAW girth welds is developed. The reliability of the proposed model is validated through comparisons with published experimental results, establishing a strain-based evaluation framework for engineering applications involving FCAW/SMAW girth welds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105759"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the strength-ductility synergy in the laser-welded titanium/steel bimetallic sheets used for pressure vessels","authors":"Dejia Liu ,&nbsp;Haitao Xiao ,&nbsp;Guodong Lv ,&nbsp;Yanchuang Tang ,&nbsp;Shanguo Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The welding of titanium/steel bimetallic sheets exhibits a great challenge owing to the formation of Fe-Ti intermetallic compounds, which can severely degrade the mechanical properties of the welded joint. In this paper, a FeCrNiCu filler metal was used for laser welding TA2/Q235 bimetallic sheets. The strength-ductility synergy and fracture behavior of the welded joint were investigated. A noteworthy finding was that the FeCrNiCu filler metal could generate a high mixing entropy value in the weld seam, which promoted the formation of a primarily face-centered cubic (FCC) phase and coarse grains within the weld seam. The negative enthalpy variation in the transition zones (TZs) on the TA2 layer resulted in phase structures predominantly composed of Fe₂Ti, FCC, and α-Ti phases, accompanied by fine grains. Consequently, extremely high hardness values, ranging from 600 to 764 HV_0.2 were observed in the TZ. The fragile zones of the welded joint shifted from the weld seam to the TZ, which played a significant role in promoting crack initiation and propagation in the welded joint during mechanical testing. The welded joint fabricated with the FeCrNiCu filler metal exhibited a favorable strength-ductility synergy. The strength coefficient of the welded joint was up to 92.5 %, with a fracture elongation of 6.9 %. Additionally, the welded joint demonstrated promising bending properties. A bending angle of 180° was achieved with no surface cracks observed on the weld seam during root bending tests (compressive stress on the TA2 layer).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of PWHT on microstructure and mechanical properties of the 5 % Ni steel MAG welded joints","authors":"Zhiwei Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongxue Jiang ,&nbsp;Jialu Sun ,&nbsp;Zhimeng Tian ,&nbsp;Luyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Henan Huang ,&nbsp;Junwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>5 %Ni steel is a key material for manufacturing cryogenic storage tanks, which are designed to serve in low-temperature environments. However, welding reduces the low-temperature toughness of the structure, making it particularly important to improve the low-temperature impact toughness of welded joints. In this study, post-weld heat treatment tests were performed on MAG-welded joints of 5 % Ni steel employed in the tanks of very large ethane carriers. The effects of tempering temperatures (200–600 °C) on the microstructural evolution and changes in mechanical properties of the weld metal and heat-affected zone of the welded joint were investigated. The results indicate that weld metal consists of austenitic dendrites. Heat-affected zone primarily consists of bainite-ferrite, M-A constituents, and carbides. The fracture location of the welded joint was within the heat-affected zone. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation were 506 MPa, 679 MPa, and 20 %, respectively. The impact energy of the FL microregion at −140 °C is only 39 J. As the tempering temperature increases, BF undergoes recovery in the heat-affected zone. The redistribution of C leads to the gradual decomposition of the M-A constituent. Within the tempering temperature range of 200–500 °C, no significant changes were observed in the microhardness and tensile properties of the heat-affected zone. At a tempering temperature of 600 °C, the microhardness of the HAZ decreased by 5 % compared to the as-welded condition. Yield strength and ultimate tensile strength decreased by 7 % and 4 %, respectively. The impact toughness of the FL microregion increased by 215 % compared to the as-welded condition. This improvement is attributed to tempering enhancing the plasticity and toughness of the bainite-ferrite matrix while simultaneously reducing stress concentration caused by M-A constituents. Post-weld heat treatment improves the overall properties of welded joints. At a tempering temperature of 600 °C, the strength of the welded joint decreases slightly, but low-temperature impact toughness is significantly enhanced. According to the study, the optimal post-weld heat treatment temperature for MAG welded joints in 5 % Ni steel was determined to be 600 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure analysis of a 2205 duplex stainless steel tube affected by localized corrosion in a black liquor heat exchanger","authors":"A. Oñate ,&nbsp;J. Ramirez ,&nbsp;G. Dueña ,&nbsp;M. Melendrez ,&nbsp;C. Lanziotti ,&nbsp;R. Apablaza ,&nbsp;D. Rojas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the premature failure of a welded 2205 duplex stainless steel tube operating in a black liquor heat exchanger at a pulp and paper plant. Although the component was designed for a ten-year service life, failure occurred after only two years, with macroscopic evidence of pitting corrosion aligned along the longitudinal weld. Metallographic examination revealed localized attack progressing intergranularly between ferrite and austenite. SEM-EDS analysis identified pronounced Cr, Mo, and Ni segregation near the weld bead, while XRD combined with Rietveld refinement quantified approximately 3.6 wt% sigma phase in the weld/HAZ region. As a consequence of these welding-induced microstructural changes, electrochemical tests in 0.6 M NaCl showed metastable passivity and higher current densities in the weld zone. Under alkaline conditions at 65 °C, the welded joint exhibited a reduction in corrosion resistance compared with the base metal. The modeled TTT-CCT diagram for the alloy composition supported the experimental observations, indicating that the welding thermal cycle intersected the sigma-forming region. Overall, the results demonstrate that thermal exposure during welding promoted elemental segregation and sigma-phase nucleation, creating galvanic microcells that facilitated localized corrosion and intergranular propagation. These findings underscore the need for stricter thermal control and post-fabrication verification of welded 2205 duplex stainless steel components operating in high-temperature, high-pH environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105743"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel methodology of specimen size effect correction in J-R curve evaluation based on bending-modified Q parameter","authors":"Tomoki Shinko ,&nbsp;Naoki Miura ,&nbsp;Masaki Nagai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the long-term operation of a nuclear reactor, it is important to effectively use the limited number of surveillance test specimens for conducting additional surveillance tests. One of the expected solutions is the use of miniature C(T) (Mini-C(T)) specimens which can be fabricated from broken Charpy specimens. However, it is known that the evaluation of J-R curves using Mini-C(T) specimens may be affected by the difference in plastic constraint due to the specimen size. In this paper, a novel methodology of specimen size effect correction in J-R curve evaluation based on a bending-modified plastic constraint parameter <em>Q</em>_<em>M</em> has been proposed. To verify the applicability of the proposed method to Mini-C(T) specimen in RPV steels, the J-R tests on the two Japanese RPV steels SQV2A with different fracture toughness levels were conducted using Mini-C(T), 0.5T-C(T), and 1T-C(T) specimens. As a result of the tests, a specimen size effect of Mini-C(T) specimen on J-R curve was found in the SQV2A with higher fracture toughness. To calculate <em>Q</em>_<em>M</em>, finite element method analysis has been performed to estimate the crack opening stress distribution ahead of the crack tip during the test. <em>Q</em>_<em>M</em> increased with increasing normalized J-integral. Based on the relationship between <em>Q</em>_<em>M</em> and normalized J-integral, the proposed method successfully reduced the specimen size effect on the J-R curve of the tested materials. The proposed method is expected to be useful in case of a limited amount of material such as surveillance specimens because the method requires no tests other than Mini-C(T) specimen testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105757"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue fracture of last stage X20Cr13 low pressure turbine (LPT) blade from 600 MW thermal power station","authors":"Chidambaram Subramanian ,&nbsp;Swarup Kr Laha ,&nbsp;Sourav Kansabanik ,&nbsp;Biplab Swarnakar ,&nbsp;Debashis Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The last stage low pressure LP steam turbine blade operated for 3000 rpm was failed after 42000 equivalent hours of operation from 600 MW thermo electric plant. The fractured blade was investigated and compared with virgin blade to determine the failure mode. Visual examination, chemical analysis, uni-axial tensile, V-notch impact tests, bulk hardness, EDX, fractography and microstructural characterization were conducted on the fractured blade. Further, wet fluorescent magnetic particle inspection and surface roughness measurement conducted on virgin blade as well. Initial visual analysis suggested that chevron cracking accompanied with several ratchet marks. Moreover, dynamic analysis of last stage virgin blade was performed and evidenced that natural frequency was stable. Modal analysis had predicted using Finite Element Analysis. Both experimental and theoretical frequencies had been closely matched, and natural frequencies were well below the resonant frequency, thus, vibration had not induced fatigue fracture. Moreover, fractured blade was fractographic and metallographic analyzed for fatigue fracture characterization. An engineering failure analysis suggested that several non-metallic inclusions have been de-bonded at crack origin zone. Multiple source of fatigue cracks have been initiated adjacent to material anomalies and fatigue fracture propagated by alternating centrifugal induced tensile stress. Fine curved striations have been evidenced on fatigue crack initiation and propagation zones. The blade exhibited tempered martensite and tensile properties including hardness were within the specifications. The presence of anomalies including non-metallic inclusions and internal volumetric material defects has been linked with poor blade toughness which had reduced the fatigue resistance of last stage blade. Interaction of manganese sulfide inclusions with complex alternating centrifugal and bending stress had induced fatigue fracture. Several recommendations including blade manufacturing by clean steel technology are suggested based on various obtained evidences to prevent LPT blade failures in power plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical and experimental determination of the failure-critical pressure of pipe structures manufactured by PBF-LB/M","authors":"T. Koers ,&nbsp;B. Magyar ,&nbsp;C. Bödger ,&nbsp;T. Tröster","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2026.105753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The state of the art shows that PBF-LB/M offers great potential for pressure-loaded parts, with significant weight reductions and simultaneous optimization of flow resistance. This study is aimed at applying existing calculation methods for pressure-loaded parts to additively manufactured pipe structures, considering the two materials EN AC-43000 (3.2381, AlSi10Mg) and AISI 316L (1.4404, X2CrNiMo17-12-2). For this purpose, systematic tensile tests are carried out for both materials. In addition, a statistical evaluation is performed to determine the design-relevant strength characteristics with a survival probability <em>P</em>_s of 97.5 % for both materials in the as-built and heat-treated condition.</div><div>Pipe specimens are manufactured, half of which are heat treated, geometrically measured and then subjected to a burst pressure test to experimentally determine the failure-critical internal pressure. These results are compared with calculated burst pressures. The calculations are based on the application-relevant methods identified in this study, considering the strength values determined for the respective material condition. This comparison is used to assess the suitability of the calculation methods for additively manufactured pipe structures, based on the materials investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ball indentation test: A versatile small-scale testing method for evaluating mechanical properties of materials","authors":"M.D. Mathew ,&nbsp;J. Ganesh Kumar ,&nbsp;K. Linga Murty","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ball indentation (BI) technique is a versatile and efficient small-scale testing method employed to assess the mechanical properties of metallic materials. In this method, a compressive force is gradually applied to a spherical indenter, which is pressed onto the material’s surface until a predetermined indentation depth is achieved. The indenter is then partially unloaded and reloaded. This loading-unloading cycle is repeated several times at incrementally increasing depths. Throughout the test, the indentation depth and the corresponding load are measured. This data is used to generate a load-depth curve. By combining semi-empirical relationships with elasticity and plasticity theories, this analysis yields the stress-strain curve that is characteristic of the material’s response to multiaxial indentation loading.</div><div>Key mechanical properties derived from the BI tests include hardness, flow curve, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and indentation energy to fracture. This testing method facilitates localized, point-to-point assessment of the mechanical properties of metallic materials. The technique is advantageous in evaluating narrow microstructural zones within weldments. The test method is minimally invasive as well. This makes ball indentation testing attractive for assessing the mechanical properties of structural components in service and for extending their life without compromising component integrity. The paper discusses a range of BI applications. Theoretical models, AI-assisted data analysis, portable in-situ BI system, and other critical issues, as well as future scenarios, are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105740"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation on full-scale fracture behavior and dynamic response of supercritical CO2 pipelines with N2 impurities","authors":"Lei Chen ,&nbsp;Wenjing Yang ,&nbsp;Jianping Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhenxi Liu ,&nbsp;Zhanshu Lv ,&nbsp;Yanwei Hu ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Xingqing Yan ,&nbsp;Jianliang Yu ,&nbsp;Shaoyun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the safety risks associated with pipeline fractures in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) systems, this study constructed a full-scale experimental platform for supercritical CO₂ pipelines containing impurities and conducted systematic fracture tests under three sets of conditions with varying initial pressures (9.8–11.6 MPa) and N₂ molar concentrations (2 %–4 %). A self-developed data acquisition system, integrated with high-frequency pressure transducers, T-type armored thermocouples, and a high-speed camera (capturing crack propagation processes), was employed to monitor the dynamic evolutions of pressure, temperature, decompression wave propagation, and crack tip behavior during pipeline fracture. The results indicated that pipeline fracture induced four distinct pressure change stages: rapid decline (Stage Ⅰ), pressure oscillation (Stage Ⅱ), negative exponential decline (Stage Ⅲ), and static leakage (Stage Ⅳ). Axially, the internal temperature decreased first near the fracture and later at locations farther from it; vertically, the minimum temperature at all measuring points predominantly occurred at the pipeline bottom. The decompression wave velocity exhibited a linear decrease in Stage Ⅰ, formed a “pressure plateau” in Stage Ⅱ, and decreased irregularly in Stages Ⅲ–Ⅳ due to subcooled and superheated states caused by pressure instability. Higher initial pressure and N₂ molar concentration both contributed to an increase in the initial decompression wave velocity and the “pressure plateau” value. Additionally, the self-designed fracture recording system successfully captured the complete process of pipeline failure, crack initiation, ductile propagation, and arrest. The crack tip opening angle (<em>CTOA</em>) fluctuated within 14.3°–21.2° along the propagation path and showed a gradual decreasing trend, while the crack propagation velocity first increased, maintained a stable phase, and then decreased. Notably, a higher N₂ molar concentration led to a higher stable fracture velocity. This research provides critical experimental data and theoretical support for the safety design and fracture control of supercritical CO₂ pipelines in CCUS projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105741"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent prediction of crack stress intensity factors for nuclear-grade pressure vessels based on XFEM-PSONN collaboration","authors":"Kai Liu,&nbsp;WeiWei Liu,&nbsp;ShaoWei Wu,&nbsp;BoQun Xie,&nbsp;Xin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) are key components in nuclear power plants, and their structural integrity assessment is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of nuclear power plants. To address issues such as low computational efficiency and limited applicability of existing assessment methods, this study proposes an innovative collaborative prediction method based on the extended finite element method (XFEM) and the particle swarm optimization neural network (PSONN). This method enables rapid and accurate prediction of stress intensity factors (SIFs) under the combined influence of multiple parameters including crack geometric parameters, container structure dimensions and internal pressure. Firstly, a parametric model including typical crack configurations such as beltline shells and nozzle corners is established using XFEM, and a comprehensive database of SIFs is constructed. By systematically comparing the predictive performance of eight machine learning (ML) algorithms, a neural network model based on Particle Swarm Optimization is developed. And K-fold cross-validation and grid search techniques are adopted to optimize the model's hyperparameters. The interpretability analysis of SHAP indicates that internal pressure and crack inclination Angle are the most critical parameters affecting the prediction accuracy. By effectively integrating the physical accuracy of XFEM with the computational efficiency of PSONN, the proposed method provides a practical tool for rapid and accurate safety assessment upon crack detection in in-service inspections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"221 ","pages":"Article 105744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145877098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}