Enhancing performance of stepped spillways: CFD analysis of shaped step surfaces for improved flow dynamic

Abstract

Horizontal step surfaces are the traditional design of stepped spillways, intended for certain discharges. However, they do not perform satisfactorily at larger discharges. To improve this, layouts with shaped step surfaces, both downward and upward, are proposed. To examine and improve the flow properties of the skimming flow, CFD modeling in 2D was conducted. The analysis emphasizes the complicated interaction between geometric design, fluid dynamics, and structural integrity in spillway systems, which could lead to superior performance in spillway applications. Through an understanding of vortex formation and flow behavior, engineers and designers can create structures that are more effective and resilient, catering to specific operational needs. To validate these theoretical insights and investigate the implications in various conditions, such as variable water quality and discharges, additional empirical research is necessary. The findings ultimately show the significance of customized engineering solutions that put performance and safety first in hydrodynamic environments.