On optical appearance of Einstein-Maxwell-Æther black holes surrounded by various accretions

Abstract

We investigate the effects of the æther field and the electric charge on the observed shadow of two types of charged black holes in the Einstein-Maxwell-Æther theory. By considering the Einstein-Maxwell-Æther black holes surrounded by the static/infalling spherical, and optically and geometrically thin disk accretion flows, we study the shadow luminosities and the observed specific intensity of the image. We find that in the thin disk accretion model, the location and the emitted model of the accretion gas affect the optical appearance of charged Einstein-Æther black holes, while for the spherical accretion flows this is not observed. For a thin disk profile, we show that the observer will receive more intensity for an emitted model with Gaussian function when the innermost radiation radius lies in the innermost stable circular orbit. Comparing the results of the charged Einstein-Æther black holes with the neutral Einstein-Æther black holes, we show that the charged Einstein-Æther black holes have smaller dark area, but wider lensed ring and photon ring. We show that the Reissner–Nordstrom black hole has a larger dark area and narrower lensed ring and photon ring compared with the charged Einstein-Æther black holes.