Chinese Journal of Physics最新文献

英文中文

Theoretical study for constructing red multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules with narrowband emission by donor engineering strategy 通过供体工程策略构建具有窄带发射的红色多共振热激活延迟荧光分子的理论研究

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.031

Xin Zhao , Huanling Liu , Yuzhi Song , Lili Lin , Yuanyuan Xu , Chuan-Kui Wang , Jianzhong Fan

The exploration of reducing the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) without enlarging energy gaps (∆E_ST) in red multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR TADF) molecule is highly demanded. Herein, based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations coupled with the thermal vibration correlation function (TVCF) method, we study the excited-state properties and luminescence mechanisms of two reported TADF molecules (PXZ-R-BN and BCz-R-BN). Drawing inspiration from these, we theoretically design four novel red MR TADF molecules by donor engineering strategy with increased electron donation abilities and extended π-conjugations. To accurately predict the excited state energies of these MR TADF molecules, we employ the range-separated double hybrid density functional (B2PLYP), effectively refining the ∆E_ST values. Results show that different donor groups influence the frontier molecular orbitals, thereby reducing the energy gaps. These adjustments effectively optimize the energy levels and transition properties of the excited states, leading to the substantial acceleration of the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) processes. Furthermore, the designed molecules with extended π-conjugations possess small reorganization energies and minimal nuclear displacements, coupled with short-range charge transfer characteristics. These features contribute significantly to the narrowband emissions. Therefore, it is verified that these four novel red MR TADF molecules strike a favorable balance between the ∆E_ST and the FWHM values. Meanwhile, the intrinsic relationship between molecular structures and photophysical properties is elucidated, paving the way for developing novel and efficient red MR TADF emitters.

{"title":"Theoretical study for constructing red multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecules with narrowband emission by donor engineering strategy","authors":"Xin Zhao , Huanling Liu , Yuzhi Song , Lili Lin , Yuanyuan Xu , Chuan-Kui Wang , Jianzhong Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exploration of reducing the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) without enlarging energy gaps (∆E<sub>ST</sub>) in red multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR TADF) molecule is highly demanded. Herein, based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations coupled with the thermal vibration correlation function (TVCF) method, we study the excited-state properties and luminescence mechanisms of two reported TADF molecules (PXZ-R-BN and BCz-R-BN). Drawing inspiration from these, we theoretically design four novel red MR TADF molecules by donor engineering strategy with increased electron donation abilities and extended π-conjugations. To accurately predict the excited state energies of these MR TADF molecules, we employ the range-separated double hybrid density functional (B2PLYP), effectively refining the ∆E<sub>ST</sub> values. Results show that different donor groups influence the frontier molecular orbitals, thereby reducing the energy gaps. These adjustments effectively optimize the energy levels and transition properties of the excited states, leading to the substantial acceleration of the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) processes. Furthermore, the designed molecules with extended π-conjugations possess small reorganization energies and minimal nuclear displacements, coupled with short-range charge transfer characteristics. These features contribute significantly to the narrowband emissions. Therefore, it is verified that these four novel red MR TADF molecules strike a favorable balance between the ∆E<sub>ST</sub> and the FWHM values. Meanwhile, the intrinsic relationship between molecular structures and photophysical properties is elucidated, paving the way for developing novel and efficient red MR TADF emitters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 736-750"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase transitions in car-following model integrating the comprehensive deviations collaboration effect under V2X environment

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.024

Guanghan Peng , Chunli Luo , Huili Tan

Based on cyber physical systems, a novel car-following model is raised by integrating the comprehensive deviations collaboration effect (CDCE) including headway and speed under V2X environment. The CDCE is intimately connected to the stability condition and mKdV equations through theoretical analysis, which shows that the CDCE effectively promotes the stability of traffic flow. Moreover, the headway variation and the hysteresis loop in traffic system are gradually decreasing owing to amplifying the CDCE through simulation, which reveals that the CDCE greatly alleviates traffic congestion. More importantly, we build a new energy consumption model to investigate the CDCE model. It is found that the CDCE can significantly reduce energy consumption due to cooperating with the CDCE of headway and speed under V2X environmenton.

引用次数: 0

A front-fixing method for the nonlinear and coupled phase change model in a moving domain

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.013

Jaya Joshi, Rajeev

This study presents a mathematical model for a sublimation problem in a two-phase region which involves temperature and concentration-dependent thermophysical properties to investigate the temperature distribution and mass density in both regions. The numerical solution to the problem is acquired by employing a front-fixing explicit finite difference method. The consistency and stability of the numerical scheme are theoretically analyzed. The accuracy of the presented method is validated through a comparison with the exact solution achieved in a particular case and it is identified that current results are sufficiently near to them. The consequences of different dimensionless parameters on temperature and sublimation curve are presented graphically. The findings from this study provide some ways to accelerate the speed of phase transition with minimal energy absorption of particles during the sublimation process.

引用次数: 0

A thermodynamic model for dark energy including particle creation or destruction processes

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.007

José Medeiros da Costa Netto, Heydson Henrique Brito da Silva

Thermodynamic analyses of dark energy as a relativistic fluid indicates that this intriguing component of the universe mimics a bulk viscous pressure when the parameter of its barotropic equation of state varies with time. Since in cosmology bulk viscosity and creation or destruction of matter are closely linked processes, we propose in this work a brief thermodynamic study of dark energy considering that particles can be created or destroyed in the fluid. We derive new expressions for quantities such as particle density, entropy density etc. that have been shown to be sensitive to this new ingredient. We also obtain new thermodynamic constraints and compare them with those where the number of particles is conserved. In particular, we found that in the presence of a sink, dark energy tends towards the cosmological constant over time regardless of the sign of its chemical potential and without violating the laws of thermodynamics.

引用次数: 0

Possible existence of ghost stars in the context of electromagnetic field

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.009

Tayyab Naseer , K. Hassan , M. Sharif

In this paper, we discuss the existence of ghost star models in the Einstein–Maxwell framework. In order to explore these objects, we put forward the idea of Zeldovich and Novikov by keeping in mind that the energy density of such models lie in the negative range in some regions of the spacetime geometry. We proceed by taking into account a static sphere and develop the field equations for a charged anisotropic fluid configuration. The two generating functions are then considered and we rewrite the field equations in terms of the mass and these physical quantities. Afterwards, we formulate two different models using the conformally flatness condition along with the considered generating functions. Further, we adopt the vanishing complexity constraint as well as null active gravitational mass to find two more solutions. The energy density for all developed models is also graphically shown. We conclude that the ghost stars exist in the presence of charge as the energy density for all the resulting solutions lie in the negative region for a particular range of the radial coordinate.

引用次数: 0

Charged analogues of singularity-free anisotropic compact stars under linear f(Q)-action

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.008

Debadri Bhattacharjee, Pradip Kumar Chattopadhyay

This study simulates the characteristics of spherically symmetric, anisotropic compact stellar bodies with electrical charge within the framework of the

f (Q)

theory of gravity. Employing the Krori–Barua metric ansatz (K.D. Krori, J. Barua, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 8 (1975) 508) along with a linear form of

f (Q)

model, viz.,

f (Q) = α_{0} + α_{1} Q

, we obtain a tractable set of exact relativistic solutions of the field equations. A specific form of charge

(q = q_{0} r^{3})

is considered here for the present analysis. It is noted that the model is valid up to the value of charge intensity

q_{0} \leq 0.0009 {Km}^{- 2}

. Beyond this value, the model does not permit physically viable results. We have obtained the best fit equation of state in the model, which is incorporated to solve the TOV equations numerically to determine the mass–radius relation within the parameter space used here. With increasing charge intensity

(q_{0})

from 0.0002 to 0.0009, the maximum mass ranges from 2.84–

2.92 M_{⊙}

, and the corresponding radii range from 12.00–12.20 Km. Moreover, the predicted radii of some recently observed pulsars and GW 190814 show that our model also complies with the estimated radii based on the observational results. Our model is found to satisfy all the characteristic features, such as behaviour of matter variables, causality condition, energy constraints and stability criteria, which are pertinent in the context of a stable stellar configuration to emerge as a viable and physically acceptable stellar model in the framework of

f (Q)

gravity.

{"title":"Charged analogues of singularity-free anisotropic compact stars under linear f(Q)-action","authors":"Debadri Bhattacharjee, Pradip Kumar Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study simulates the characteristics of spherically symmetric, anisotropic compact stellar bodies with electrical charge within the framework of the <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> theory of gravity. Employing the Krori–Barua metric ansatz (K.D. Krori, J. Barua, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 8 (1975) 508) along with a linear form of <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> model, <em>viz.</em>, <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mi>Q</mi></mrow></math></span>, we obtain a tractable set of exact relativistic solutions of the field equations. A specific form of charge <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>q</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> is considered here for the present analysis. It is noted that the model is valid up to the value of charge intensity <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0009</mn><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mi>Km</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. Beyond this value, the model does not permit physically viable results. We have obtained the best fit equation of state in the model, which is incorporated to solve the TOV equations numerically to determine the mass–radius relation within the parameter space used here. With increasing charge intensity <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> from 0.0002 to 0.0009, the maximum mass ranges from 2.84–<span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>92</mn><mspace></mspace><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>⊙</mo></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, and the corresponding radii range from 12.00–12.20 Km. Moreover, the predicted radii of some recently observed pulsars and GW 190814 show that our model also complies with the estimated radii based on the observational results. Our model is found to satisfy all the characteristic features, such as behaviour of matter variables, causality condition, energy constraints and stability criteria, which are pertinent in the context of a stable stellar configuration to emerge as a viable and physically acceptable stellar model in the framework of <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 650-669"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extended Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff Equation in f(R,A) gravity

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.006

Amjad Hussain , Mushtaq Ahmad , M. Farasat Shamir , Adnan Malik , Fatemah Mofarreh

This paper provides a more general version of the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation that shows the hydrostatic equilibrium in the context of the gravitational theory

f (R, A)

. This theory is one of several modified theories of gravity that have been proposed. Anisotropic matter content is considered to investigate the compact objects’ equilibrium structure. This work is focused on the linear model

R + α A

, in which

R

is the Ricci scalar,

A

is the anticurvature scalar, and

α

is the coupling factor. To solve the modified Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation, we obtained suitable metric potential functions using the Karmarkar condition and employing an appropriate equation of state. We also determine an extended mass function by using the field equations. In this work, we have found a numerical solution of the dimensionless Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation and plotted the mass–radius relation alongside several physical quantities, including radial pressure, mass function, scalar curvature, anisotropy, and the force acting on the system. We conduct the entire analysis using three compact stars: Cen X-3, Her X-1, and LMC X-4. Due to the complexity of the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations, we have employed the numerical technique to find various unknowns that appeared in the problem.

{"title":"Extended Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff Equation in f(R,A) gravity","authors":"Amjad Hussain , Mushtaq Ahmad , M. Farasat Shamir , Adnan Malik , Fatemah Mofarreh","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides a more general version of the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation that shows the hydrostatic equilibrium in the context of the gravitational theory <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>. This theory is one of several modified theories of gravity that have been proposed. Anisotropic matter content is considered to investigate the compact objects’ equilibrium structure. This work is focused on the linear model <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>α</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></math></span>, in which <span><math><mi>R</mi></math></span> is the Ricci scalar, <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> is the anticurvature scalar, and <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span> is the coupling factor. To solve the modified Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation, we obtained suitable metric potential functions using the Karmarkar condition and employing an appropriate equation of state. We also determine an extended mass function by using the field equations. In this work, we have found a numerical solution of the dimensionless Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation and plotted the mass–radius relation alongside several physical quantities, including radial pressure, mass function, scalar curvature, anisotropy, and the force acting on the system. We conduct the entire analysis using three compact stars: Cen X-3, Her X-1, and LMC X-4. Due to the complexity of the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations, we have employed the numerical technique to find various unknowns that appeared in the problem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 609-626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol of size relation based on d-dimensional single-particle states

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.005

Li-Hua Gong , Yan-Yan Liu , Jie-Hui Huang , Yuan-Zhi Wang

Based on

d

-dimensional single-particle states, a new multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol is proposed. With the intervention of a semi-honest third party, multiple classical parties can determine the size relation to their respective privacies by executing the proposed protocol once. The remarkable feature of our protocol is that each classical participant only performs the unitary operation and the quantum rearrangement operation, which diminishes the utilization of quantum resources. The operations in the protocol are simulated on the IBM Quantum Computing Platform, and the simulation results manifest that the presented protocol is correct and workable. Moreover, this protocol attains a qubit efficiency of 16.67%. Finally, the security analysis testifies that our proposed protocol is robust against diverse outside and inside attacks.

引用次数: 0

The modulation of the electronic properties of MoSi2N4/CdS heterostructure by interlayer spacing, strain, and electric field: A first-principles investigations

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.014

Xuewen Wang , Syed Awais Ahmad , Muhammad Hilal , Weibin Zhang

In this work, the variation in the electronic properties of the MoSi₂N₄/CdS heterostructure with interlayer spacing, strain, and external electric field are investigated using first-principles methods. The MoSi₂N₄/CdS heterostructure is an indirect bandgap semiconductor with a band gap of 1.31 eV, work function of 5.45 eV, and Type II band edge alignment. As the interlayer spacing decreases, when D_Z-D (the difference between the actual interlayer spacing D_Z and the equilibrium spacing D = 3.2 Å) is -0.5 Å, the band gap increases to a maximum value of 1.55 eV. Then, the band gap gradually decreases to 0 eV at D_Z-D = -1.5 Å. When the compressive strain increases, the band gap increases to a maximum value of 1.93 eV at a stress of -4%, then gradually decreases to 1.28 eV. When an external electric field is applied, the band gap decreases to 0.68 eV with an increased positive electric field (MoSi₂N₄ layer pointing perpendicularly to the CdS layer). However, with a negative electric field, the band gap increases to the maximum value of 1.7 eV at the electric field strength of -0.3 V/Å, gradually decreasing to 0 eV. Based on the electron density difference, the density of state, projected band structure, mechanisms of band gap changes, and band edge alignment variations are analyzed. This paper found that by adjusting the interlayer spacing, applying planar biaxial strain, and applying external electric fields, the band gap and heterostructure type of the MoSi₂N₄/CdS heterostructure can be effectively tuned, providing theoretical references and new options for applications such as flexible electronic devices and wearable technology.

{"title":"The modulation of the electronic properties of MoSi2N4/CdS heterostructure by interlayer spacing, strain, and electric field: A first-principles investigations","authors":"Xuewen Wang , Syed Awais Ahmad , Muhammad Hilal , Weibin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the variation in the electronic properties of the MoSi<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/CdS heterostructure with interlayer spacing, strain, and external electric field are investigated using first-principles methods. The MoSi<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/CdS heterostructure is an indirect bandgap semiconductor with a band gap of 1.31 eV, work function of 5.45 eV, and Type II band edge alignment. As the interlayer spacing decreases, when <em>D<sub>Z</sub></em>-<em>D</em> (the difference between the actual interlayer spacing <em>D<sub>Z</sub></em> and the equilibrium spacing <em>D</em> = 3.2 Å) is -0.5 Å, the band gap increases to a maximum value of 1.55 eV. Then, the band gap gradually decreases to 0 eV at <em>D<sub>Z</sub>-D</em> = -1.5 Å. When the compressive strain increases, the band gap increases to a maximum value of 1.93 eV at a stress of -4%, then gradually decreases to 1.28 eV. When an external electric field is applied, the band gap decreases to 0.68 eV with an increased positive electric field (MoSi<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub> layer pointing perpendicularly to the CdS layer). However, with a negative electric field, the band gap increases to the maximum value of 1.7 eV at the electric field strength of -0.3 V/Å, gradually decreasing to 0 eV. Based on the electron density difference, the density of state, projected band structure, mechanisms of band gap changes, and band edge alignment variations are analyzed. This paper found that by adjusting the interlayer spacing, applying planar biaxial strain, and applying external electric fields, the band gap and heterostructure type of the MoSi<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/CdS heterostructure can be effectively tuned, providing theoretical references and new options for applications such as flexible electronic devices and wearable technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"95 ","pages":"Pages 1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of alternating interactions and boundary conditions on quantum entanglement of a three-leg Heisenberg ladder

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Chinese Journal of Physics

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.004

Qinghui Li , Lizhen Hu , Panpan Zhang , Chuanzheng Miao , Yuliang Xu , Zhongqiang Liu , Xiangmu Kong

The spin-1/2 three-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin ladder is studied under open boundary condition (OBC) and cylinder boundary condition (CBC), using the density matrix renormalization group and matrix product state methods. Specifically, we calculate the energy density, entanglement entropy, and concurrence while discussing the effects of the interleg interaction

J_{2}

and the alternating coupling parameter

γ

on these quantities. In the case of OBC and

γ = 0

, we observe that the intraleg concurrence separation occurs between odd and even bonds within the system and that the introduction of

γ

can completely reverse this distribution of concurrence. On another note, the interleg concurrence is always present, regardless of the presence of

γ

. We also find that in the special case where

γ = 0

, the CBC suppresses interleg concurrence; however, the introduction of

γ

can lead to the emergence of interleg concurrence between chains 1 and 3. This behavior becomes more complex due to the competition between CBC and

γ

. Additionally, we find that

γ

induces two types of long-distance entanglement (LDE) in the system under OBC: intraleg LDE and interleg one. When the system size is sufficiently large, both types of LDE reach the same strength and stabilize at a constant value. Compared to the two-leg ladder, the three-leg ladder is more effective in producing LDE. However, the generation of LDE is inhibited in the system under CBC, in which spin frustration exists. In addition, the results of energy, entanglement entropy, and concurrence show that there are essential relations between these quantities and the phase transitions of the system. Furthermore, we predict a phase transition point at approximately

γ

= 0.54

under OBC. This study provides valuable insights into understanding the phase diagram of this class of systems.

{"title":"Effects of alternating interactions and boundary conditions on quantum entanglement of a three-leg Heisenberg ladder","authors":"Qinghui Li , Lizhen Hu , Panpan Zhang , Chuanzheng Miao , Yuliang Xu , Zhongqiang Liu , Xiangmu Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spin-1/2 three-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin ladder is studied under open boundary condition (OBC) and cylinder boundary condition (CBC), using the density matrix renormalization group and matrix product state methods. Specifically, we calculate the energy density, entanglement entropy, and concurrence while discussing the effects of the interleg interaction <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and the alternating coupling parameter <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> on these quantities. In the case of OBC and <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, we observe that the intraleg concurrence separation occurs between odd and even bonds within the system and that the introduction of <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> can completely reverse this distribution of concurrence. On another note, the interleg concurrence is always present, regardless of the presence of <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>. We also find that in the special case where <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, the CBC suppresses interleg concurrence; however, the introduction of <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> can lead to the emergence of interleg concurrence between chains 1 and 3. This behavior becomes more complex due to the competition between CBC and <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span>. Additionally, we find that <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> induces two types of long-distance entanglement (LDE) in the system under OBC: intraleg LDE and interleg one. When the system size is sufficiently large, both types of LDE reach the same strength and stabilize at a constant value. Compared to the two-leg ladder, the three-leg ladder is more effective in producing LDE. However, the generation of LDE is inhibited in the system under CBC, in which spin frustration exists. In addition, the results of energy, entanglement entropy, and concurrence show that there are essential relations between these quantities and the phase transitions of the system. Furthermore, we predict a phase transition point at approximately <span><math><mi>γ</mi></math></span> <span><math><mrow><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>54</mn></mrow></math></span> under OBC. This study provides valuable insights into understanding the phase diagram of this class of systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 582-593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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全部 ACS Publications Elsevier ieeexplore Springer The Royal Society of Chemistry Wiley

期刊

Chinese Journal of Physics

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