Pub Date : 2025-02-11DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.005
Li-Hua Gong , Yan-Yan Liu , Jie-Hui Huang , Yuan-Zhi Wang
Based on -dimensional single-particle states, a new multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol is proposed. With the intervention of a semi-honest third party, multiple classical parties can determine the size relation to their respective privacies by executing the proposed protocol once. The remarkable feature of our protocol is that each classical participant only performs the unitary operation and the quantum rearrangement operation, which diminishes the utilization of quantum resources. The operations in the protocol are simulated on the IBM Quantum Computing Platform, and the simulation results manifest that the presented protocol is correct and workable. Moreover, this protocol attains a qubit efficiency of 16.67%. Finally, the security analysis testifies that our proposed protocol is robust against diverse outside and inside attacks.
{"title":"Multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol of size relation based on d-dimensional single-particle states","authors":"Li-Hua Gong , Yan-Yan Liu , Jie-Hui Huang , Yuan-Zhi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on <span><math><mi>d</mi></math></span>-dimensional single-particle states, a new multi-party semi-quantum private comparison protocol is proposed. With the intervention of a semi-honest third party, multiple classical parties can determine the size relation to their respective privacies by executing the proposed protocol once. The remarkable feature of our protocol is that each classical participant only performs the unitary operation and the quantum rearrangement operation, which diminishes the utilization of quantum resources. The operations in the protocol are simulated on the IBM Quantum Computing Platform, and the simulation results manifest that the presented protocol is correct and workable. Moreover, this protocol attains a qubit efficiency of 16.67%. Finally, the security analysis testifies that our proposed protocol is robust against diverse outside and inside attacks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 471-486"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2025.01.040
Jia-Heng Ni , Wang-Chu Lv , Dong-Xuan Zhang , Liang Bin , Yu Zhang , Yang Yu , Qi-Ping Su , Chui-Ping Yang
Over the past decade, several works have been devoted to the generation of entangled states with superconducting (SC) qubits. Recently, attention has shifted to the generation of entangled states with SC qutrits (three-level quantum systems). However, the existing works are limited to the preparation of a maximally entangled EPR pair with two SC qutrits and a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state of three SC qutrits. We here propose a simple method to create a GHZ entangled state of multiple SC qutrits in circuit QED. The GHZ state is generated by employing multiple SC qutrits coupled to a microwave cavity or resonator. This proposal essentially operates by the cavity-qutrit dispersive interaction. By using this proposal, a GHZ state with an arbitrary number of SC qutrits can, in principle, be created. Since only a coupler cavity is utilized, the circuit hardware resources are minimized. No auxiliary energy levels of the qutrits are needed for the entangled state preparation. The GHZ state can be created deterministically. As an example, we analyze the experimental feasibility of preparing a GHZ state of five SC transmon qutrits within current circuit QED technology. This proposal is universal and can be extended to create a GHZ entangled state of multiple matter qutrits (e.g., atomic qutrits, quantum-dot qutrits, NV-center qutrits, Magnon qutrits, and various SC qutrits) by employing multiple natural or artificial three-level atoms coupled to a microwave or optical cavity.
{"title":"Deterministic preparation of GHZ entangled states with multiple superconducting qutrits in circuit QED","authors":"Jia-Heng Ni , Wang-Chu Lv , Dong-Xuan Zhang , Liang Bin , Yu Zhang , Yang Yu , Qi-Ping Su , Chui-Ping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.01.040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2025.01.040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, several works have been devoted to the generation of entangled states with superconducting (SC) qubits. Recently, attention has shifted to the generation of entangled states with SC qutrits (three-level quantum systems). However, the existing works are limited to the preparation of a maximally entangled EPR pair with two SC qutrits and a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled state of three SC qutrits. We here propose a simple method to create a GHZ entangled state of multiple SC qutrits in circuit QED. The GHZ state is generated by employing multiple SC qutrits coupled to a microwave cavity or resonator. This proposal essentially operates by the cavity-qutrit dispersive interaction. By using this proposal, a GHZ state with an arbitrary number of SC qutrits can, in principle, be created. Since only a coupler cavity is utilized, the circuit hardware resources are minimized. No auxiliary energy levels of the qutrits are needed for the entangled state preparation. The GHZ state can be created deterministically. As an example, we analyze the experimental feasibility of preparing a GHZ state of five SC transmon qutrits within current circuit QED technology. This proposal is universal and can be extended to create a GHZ entangled state of multiple matter qutrits (e.g., atomic qutrits, quantum-dot qutrits, NV-center qutrits, Magnon qutrits, and various SC qutrits) by employing multiple natural or artificial three-level atoms coupled to a microwave or optical cavity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"94 ","pages":"Pages 504-517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.11.011
Shu Chen , Qingji Zeng , Haisheng Wu , Pin Zhong , Jing Wang , Junmin Liu , Huapeng Ye , Dianyuan Fan , Shuqing Chen
Offering the strengths of mode orthogonality and physical independence from wavelength dimension, optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes hold immense potential for enhancing communication capacity through multi-dimensional channel multiplexing. Although methods using angle-separated gratings have seen advances in multi-dimensional (de)multiplexing, routing these multiplexed channels is impeded by the resultant mode-wavelength dispersion resulting from Bragg diffraction of grating. This induces not only multi-level mode conversion but also confined wavelength separation scope, posing obstacles in spatial reallocation of both OAM modes and wavelengths for routing channels. To tackle these issues, we propose a wavelength-dependent multi-foci transformation solution for OAM mode-wavelength routing that utilizes an off-axis dispersion-managed metasurface. Incorporated with composite lens phases and helical modulations, the metasurface enables the precise manipulation of OAM mode-wavelength dispersion upon multi-foci Fourier transform without multi-level diffraction, facilitating both efficient mode conversion and versatile wavelength separation. Harnessing the multi-dimensional independence, this approach establishes a high-dimensional linear mapping relationship among OAM modes, wavelengths, and spatial positions, thereby achieving the routing of mode-wavelength hybrid channels. In a proof-of-concept simulation, we demonstrated the successful routing of 20 channels with five OAM modes and four wavelengths across four depth planes, with the average channel crosstalk below -15.2 dB. Additionally, 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals carried by these 20 multiplexed channels were successfully routed, and the bit-error-rates approach 1 × 10-5. Our method shows flexibility in spatial reallocation of both OAM modes and wavelengths, as further explored by altering the number of routing channels and their spatial positions, which may provide new insights for advanced OAM-based optical communications.
{"title":"Off-axis dispersion-managed metasurface for routing orbital angular momentum mode and wavelength multiplexing channels","authors":"Shu Chen , Qingji Zeng , Haisheng Wu , Pin Zhong , Jing Wang , Junmin Liu , Huapeng Ye , Dianyuan Fan , Shuqing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Offering the strengths of mode orthogonality and physical independence from wavelength dimension, optical orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes hold immense potential for enhancing communication capacity through multi-dimensional channel multiplexing. Although methods using angle-separated gratings have seen advances in multi-dimensional (de)multiplexing, routing these multiplexed channels is impeded by the resultant mode-wavelength dispersion resulting from Bragg diffraction of grating. This induces not only multi-level mode conversion but also confined wavelength separation scope, posing obstacles in spatial reallocation of both OAM modes and wavelengths for routing channels. To tackle these issues, we propose a wavelength-dependent multi-foci transformation solution for OAM mode-wavelength routing that utilizes an off-axis dispersion-managed metasurface. Incorporated with composite lens phases and helical modulations, the metasurface enables the precise manipulation of OAM mode-wavelength dispersion upon multi-foci Fourier transform without multi-level diffraction, facilitating both efficient mode conversion and versatile wavelength separation. Harnessing the multi-dimensional independence, this approach establishes a high-dimensional linear mapping relationship among OAM modes, wavelengths, and spatial positions, thereby achieving the routing of mode-wavelength hybrid channels. In a proof-of-concept simulation, we demonstrated the successful routing of 20 channels with five OAM modes and four wavelengths across four depth planes, with the average channel crosstalk below -15.2 dB. Additionally, 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation signals carried by these 20 multiplexed channels were successfully routed, and the bit-error-rates approach 1 × 10<sup>-5</sup>. Our method shows flexibility in spatial reallocation of both OAM modes and wavelengths, as further explored by altering the number of routing channels and their spatial positions, which may provide new insights for advanced OAM-based optical communications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 46-55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.11.021
M. Zeeshan Gul , M. Sharif , Adeeba Arooj , Baiju Dayanandan
This paper delves into the impact of extended symmetric teleparallel theory on anisotropic compact stellar structures. The explicit field equations were formulated by considering a minimum model of this extended gravity. Basically, the Darmois junction conditions are used to determine the unknown constants of metric coefficients. We explore some significant properties of the compact stars under consideration to check their viable existence in this modified framework. The Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation assess the equilibrium state of the compact stars. Moreover, the stability analysis is defined by using methods based on sound speed (related to how disturbances propagate in the star) and adiabatic index (related to the thermodynamic behavior of the star). We find that the proposed compact stars in the gravity are physically viable and stable.
{"title":"Impact of non-metricity and matter source on the geometry of anisotropic spheres","authors":"M. Zeeshan Gul , M. Sharif , Adeeba Arooj , Baiju Dayanandan","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.11.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.11.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper delves into the impact of extended symmetric teleparallel theory on anisotropic compact stellar structures. The explicit field equations were formulated by considering a minimum model of this extended gravity. Basically, the Darmois junction conditions are used to determine the unknown constants of metric coefficients. We explore some significant properties of the compact stars under consideration to check their viable existence in this modified framework. The Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation assess the equilibrium state of the compact stars. Moreover, the stability analysis is defined by using methods based on sound speed (related to how disturbances propagate in the star) and adiabatic index (related to the thermodynamic behavior of the star). We find that the proposed compact stars in the <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity are physically viable and stable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 256-270"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.019
Sakinah Idris , Anuar Jamaludin , Roslinda Nazar , Ioan Pop
Recent scientific research has consistently demonstrated that hybrid nanofluids have superior thermophysical properties, promising heat transfer efficiency improvers in engineering applications. Thus, the aim of this study is to numerically examine the effects of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), suction, Joule heating and viscous dissipation parameter on the intricate flow and thermal transfer dynamics of a hybrid nanofluid streaming over a permeable non-isothermal surface with a further investigation into duality of solutions. Similarity transformation reduced the governing equations into ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which were resolved using the MATLAB bvp4c function. The concurrent effects of the governing parameters on the temperature and velocity profiles, local skin friction coefficient, and the local Nusselt number were examined by hybridizing magnetite (Fe3O4) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) immersed in water. The most notable finding of this study reported a higher magnetic parameter and nanoparticle volume concentration increased the skin friction coefficient in the shrinking region. Remarkably, a higher Eckert number increased the thermal boundary layer and reduced the heat transfer rate. Stability analysis confirmed that the first solution was physically stable and reliable. These discoveries contribute valuable insights into optimizing heat transfer in advanced engineering systems where precise thermal control is critical and guidance for scholars in investigating the experimental or numerical dimensions of flow dynamic of hybrid nanofluid.
{"title":"Joule heating and viscous dissipation impact on MHD-hybrid nanofluid flow over non-isothermal stretching/shrinking surface: Dual solution and stability analysis","authors":"Sakinah Idris , Anuar Jamaludin , Roslinda Nazar , Ioan Pop","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent scientific research has consistently demonstrated that hybrid nanofluids have superior thermophysical properties, promising heat transfer efficiency improvers in engineering applications. Thus, the aim of this study is to numerically examine the effects of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), suction, Joule heating and viscous dissipation parameter on the intricate flow and thermal transfer dynamics of a hybrid nanofluid streaming over a permeable non-isothermal surface with a further investigation into duality of solutions. Similarity transformation reduced the governing equations into ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which were resolved using the MATLAB bvp4c function. The concurrent effects of the governing parameters on the temperature and velocity profiles, local skin friction coefficient, and the local Nusselt number were examined by hybridizing magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) immersed in water. The most notable finding of this study reported a higher magnetic parameter and nanoparticle volume concentration increased the skin friction coefficient in the shrinking region. Remarkably, a higher Eckert number increased the thermal boundary layer and reduced the heat transfer rate. Stability analysis confirmed that the first solution was physically stable and reliable. These discoveries contribute valuable insights into optimizing heat transfer in advanced engineering systems where precise thermal control is critical and guidance for scholars in investigating the experimental or numerical dimensions of flow dynamic of hybrid nanofluid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 611-631"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.08.014
M.M. Maher , Kh. S. Mekheimer , H. Al‐Wahsh , A.Z. Zaher
Infrastructure engineering is impacted by solid particles in fluids, and engineering components are influenced by fluid flow methods. This work explores the effects of dusty fluids with suspended solid particles in a single-walled corrugated channel using electromagnetic hydrodynamics. Potential, continuity, and momentum equations were employed to study the periodic sinusoidal waves in the corrugations of two wavy walls using the perturbation method. We assessed the impact of corrugation on velocity for EMHD fluid flow using mathematical computation, concentrating on the analytical velocity solutions. The analysis of velocity profiles through graphs reveals that corrugation affects fluid and particle velocity behavior, with small amplitude reducing wave effects and dusty particles boosting velocity. The proposed model uses mathematical induction to solve engineering problems using corrugated wall conditions for fluid control during curing stages. It may be valuable for sanitation networks, rainwater drainage networks, and irrigation systems. In the end, a thorough examination of the obtained results and information from past papers demonstrated a high level of agreement. Additionally, its use in the curing of water will offer alternative methods of managing the flowing fluid than mechanical pressure.
{"title":"Hydrodynamic Impact of Dusty Fluid-Suspended Solid Particles in a Single-Walled Corrugated Channel for Water-Curing Infrastructure Networks","authors":"M.M. Maher , Kh. S. Mekheimer , H. Al‐Wahsh , A.Z. Zaher","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infrastructure engineering is impacted by solid particles in fluids, and engineering components are influenced by fluid flow methods. This work explores the effects of dusty fluids with suspended solid particles in a single-walled corrugated channel using electromagnetic hydrodynamics. Potential, continuity, and momentum equations were employed to study the periodic sinusoidal waves in the corrugations of two wavy walls using the perturbation method. We assessed the impact of corrugation on velocity for EMHD fluid flow using mathematical computation, concentrating on the analytical velocity solutions. The analysis of velocity profiles through graphs reveals that corrugation affects fluid and particle velocity behavior, with small amplitude reducing wave effects and dusty particles boosting velocity. The proposed model uses mathematical induction to solve engineering problems using corrugated wall conditions for fluid control during curing stages. It may be valuable for sanitation networks, rainwater drainage networks, and irrigation systems. In the end, a thorough examination of the obtained results and information from past papers demonstrated a high level of agreement. Additionally, its use in the curing of water will offer alternative methods of managing the flowing fluid than mechanical pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 482-502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.011
B.R. Joudeh
In this study, the transition temperature to the Bose-Einstein condensation of spin-polarized tritium (T↓), hydrogen (H↓), and 4He gases is obtained based on the second virial coefficient. The computations are performed using the Silvera triplet-state potential and HFDHE2 potential for spin-polarized atomic hydrogen isotopes and 4He gas, respectively. The thermophysical properties of these Bose systems are computed, including the Helmholtz free energy, entropy, the acoustic virial coefficient, and the second virial coefficient. Large negative values of the second virial coefficient and the acoustic virial coefficient are obtained, reflecting the strong overall attraction of inter-bosonic potential, which gives an indication of the onset of condensation at very low temperatures. At the transition temperature, the stable minimum of the Helmholtz free energy is an indicator of the sort of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). As a consequence, the system made a transition to a higher-order state, which is recognized with BEC and explored. The transition temperature is shifted towards a lower value than for the ideal Bose gas.
{"title":"Transition temperature to the Bose-Einstein condensation of spin polarized tritium, hydrogen, and 4He gases using the second virial coefficient","authors":"B.R. Joudeh","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the transition temperature to the Bose-Einstein condensation of spin-polarized tritium (T↓), hydrogen (H↓), and <sup>4</sup>He gases is obtained based on the second virial coefficient. The computations are performed using the Silvera triplet-state potential and HFDHE2 potential for spin-polarized atomic hydrogen isotopes and <sup>4</sup>He gas, respectively. The thermophysical properties of these Bose systems are computed, including the Helmholtz free energy, entropy, the acoustic virial coefficient, and the second virial coefficient. Large negative values of the second virial coefficient and the acoustic virial coefficient are obtained, reflecting the strong overall attraction of inter-bosonic potential, which gives an indication of the onset of condensation at very low temperatures. At the transition temperature, the stable minimum of the Helmholtz free energy is an indicator of the sort of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). As a consequence, the system made a transition to a higher-order state, which is recognized with BEC and explored. The transition temperature is shifted towards a lower value than for the ideal Bose gas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 318-327"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.009
Li-Na Zheng , Hong-Fu Wang , Xuexi Yi
We propose a scheme to achieve entangled state transmission and preparation via the topologically protected gap states in a trimer-like chain. By employing the trimer chain with tunable coupling strength, the transmission channel depending on the peculiar distribution of the gap states can be constructed, which allows for an entangled state transmission from the leftmost end to the rightmost end. We emphasize that the gap states are protected by the energy gap and, hence, are naturally immune to the mild disorder of coupling strength and on-site potential. Moreover, the chain manifests good scalability and can be extended to a local nonreciprocal coupling configuration. Combining the comprehensive influence of the gap state distribution characteristics and the local nonreciprocal coupling modulation, we implement a reliable entangled state preparation through the dynamical evolution of the gap states, in which the entangled state possesses an arbitrary entanglement form. Our work provides a method for investigating the transmission and preparation of entangled states within an extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model and is valuable for future quantum technologies relying on entanglement resources.
{"title":"Robust entangled state transmission and preparation in a trimer-like chain","authors":"Li-Na Zheng , Hong-Fu Wang , Xuexi Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a scheme to achieve entangled state transmission and preparation via the topologically protected gap states in a trimer-like chain. By employing the trimer chain with tunable coupling strength, the transmission channel depending on the peculiar distribution of the gap states can be constructed, which allows for an entangled state transmission from the leftmost end to the rightmost end. We emphasize that the gap states are protected by the energy gap and, hence, are naturally immune to the mild disorder of coupling strength and on-site potential. Moreover, the chain manifests good scalability and can be extended to a local nonreciprocal coupling configuration. Combining the comprehensive influence of the gap state distribution characteristics and the local nonreciprocal coupling modulation, we implement a reliable entangled state preparation through the dynamical evolution of the gap states, in which the entangled state possesses an arbitrary entanglement form. Our work provides a method for investigating the transmission and preparation of entangled states within an extended Su–Schrieffer–Heeger model and is valuable for future quantum technologies relying on entanglement resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 471-481"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.029
Chao-Kuei Lee , Jun-Ting Guo , Pei-Jung Wu , Jia-Chi Lan , Yi-Han Lin , Yi-An Wei , Te-Wei Chiu , Chien-Ming Lei , Tsung-Hsien Lin , Chan-Shan Yang
We have conducted a detailed characterization of the optical properties of Mg-doped CuCrO2 (CuCrO2: Mg) in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. By utilizing CuCrO2: Mg as transparent electrodes, we have demonstrated the approach for developing high-transmittance and low-operative-voltage THz phase shifters by electrically tuning liquid crystals (LCs). Unlike traditional indium-tin-oxide thin films, we have applied 600 nm-thick CuCrO2: Mg thin films as transparent electrodes, and our results show that this material has great potential for THz photonics. Specifically, the transparent electrode with THz transmission of ∼92 % reveals the feasibility of CuCrO2: Mg as a suitable material for THz photonics applications. The phase shifter scheme, which employs a ∼2.2 mm-thick cell, achieves a THz transmittance ∼70 %, a phase shift of more than 2π at 1.0 THz can be achieved even for low driving voltages of 14 V(rms). By considering the figure of merit (FOM) of LCs phase modulators defined in this work, the device based on CuCrO2: Mg thin film shows an FOM value of 17.99; much higher than previously reported values. These results suggest that functional electrodes based on CuCrO2: Mg thin films are promising components of THz and 6 G devices.
{"title":"Terahertz characteristics of Mg-doped CuCrO2 and its application to 2π phase modulators with high tunable capability","authors":"Chao-Kuei Lee , Jun-Ting Guo , Pei-Jung Wu , Jia-Chi Lan , Yi-Han Lin , Yi-An Wei , Te-Wei Chiu , Chien-Ming Lei , Tsung-Hsien Lin , Chan-Shan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjph.2024.09.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have conducted a detailed characterization of the optical properties of Mg-doped CuCrO<sub>2</sub> (CuCrO<sub>2</sub>: Mg) in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. By utilizing CuCrO<sub>2</sub>: Mg as transparent electrodes, we have demonstrated the approach for developing high-transmittance and low-operative-voltage THz phase shifters by electrically tuning liquid crystals (LCs). Unlike traditional indium-tin-oxide thin films, we have applied 600 nm-thick CuCrO<sub>2</sub>: Mg thin films as transparent electrodes, and our results show that this material has great potential for THz photonics. Specifically, the transparent electrode with THz transmission of ∼92 % reveals the feasibility of CuCrO<sub>2</sub>: Mg as a suitable material for THz photonics applications. The phase shifter scheme, which employs a ∼2.2 mm-thick cell, achieves a THz transmittance ∼70 %, a phase shift of more than 2π at 1.0 THz can be achieved even for low driving voltages of 14 V(rms). By considering the figure of merit (FOM) of LCs phase modulators defined in this work, the device based on CuCrO<sub>2</sub>: Mg thin film shows an FOM value of 17.99; much higher than previously reported values. These results suggest that functional electrodes based on CuCrO<sub>2</sub>: Mg thin films are promising components of THz and 6 G devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10340,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Physics","volume":"93 ","pages":"Pages 577-583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjph.2024.12.028
Galal M. Moatimid, Mona A.A. Mohamed, Khaled Elagamy
The objective of the current study is to scrutinize the nonlinear instability of a cylindrical interface linking two distinct viscoelastic magnetic fluids. The viscoelastic fluid obeys the Eyring-Powell non-Newtonian (EPF) type. It is supposed that the liquids are initially streaming with uniform velocities and saturated in a permeable media. Additionally, an unchanged axial magnetic field (MF) is pervaded by the presence of surface tension (ST). The motivation of the current matter is essential for sophisticated material processing and precision engineering, as it enhances their stability and responsiveness under diverse situations, facilitating more efficient devices and novel applications in microfluidics and soft robotics. It is also improved the material processing, biomedical devices, flexible electronics, and drug delivery systems, in addition to optimizing ferrofluid-based actuators and sensors in MFs. The methodology of the analysis is grounded in the non-perturbative approach (NPA). This methodology is established mainly on He's frequency formula (HFF). To relax the calculated manipulation, the viscous potential theory (VPT) is employed. The linear partial differential equations (PDEs) governing the motion are solved in light of the nonlinear boundary conditions (BCs). This organization produced a complicated nonlinear characteristic PDE. A procedure concerning the non-dimensional analysis is adopted to reveal a set of dimensionless physical parameters. A compound nonlinear specific formula with complex factors has resulted in the form of the former procedure. It is discovered that ignoring the Weber number excludes all the imaginary components. The nonlinear characteristic ODE is studied in instances of the real besides the complex coefficients. A set of diagrams is plotted to display the stability configuration with the variation of diverse physical pertinent parameters. The stability zones fluctuate between increasing and decreasing due to various characteristics, although remains predominantly stable. Additionally, a collection of PolarPlots moreover time variation and phase plane diagrams are illustrated for the equivalent solution to grantee stable solutions. The damping in the complex solution is increasing and speeding with the rise of the amplitude factor and the wave number.
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