Distribution behavior of valuable elements in oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting process of waste printed circuit boards

IF 4.7 1区材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-13 DOI:10.1016/S1003-6326(24)66636-7

Kang YAN , Wen-can QUAN , Zhong-tang ZHANG , Hua-ping NIE , Rui-xiang WANG , Zhi-feng XU

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Abstract

Oxygen-enriched top-blown smelting is a promising technology for processing waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). The distribution behavior of valuable elements in WPCBs during smelting was investigated by varying the oxygen-enriched concentration, oxygen volume, CaO/SiO₂ (mass ratio), and Fe/SiO₂ (mass ratio). The optimal operating conditions were obtained by implementing a one-factor-at-a-time method. X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer, and inductive coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy methods were utilized to detect the chemical composition, occurrence state as well as elemental contents of alloy and slag. It is found that the elements of Cu, Sn and Ni are mainly accumulated in the alloy while Fe is mainly oxidized into the slag. The direct yields of Cu, Sn and Ni are 90.18%, 85.32% and 81.10% under the optimal conditions of temperature 1250 °C, oxygen-enriched concentration 30%, oxygen volume 24 L, CaO/SiO₂ mass ratio 0.55, and Fe/SiO₂ mass ratio 1.05. The results show that the valuable metals are mainly lost in the slag through mechanical entrainment.

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废印刷电路板富氧顶吹熔炼过程中有价元素的分布行为

富氧顶吹熔炼是一种很有前途的废印刷电路板处理技术。通过改变富氧浓度、氧气体积、CaO/SiO2（质量比）和Fe/SiO2（质量比），研究了wpcb熔炼过程中有价元素的分布行为。采用单因素法获得了最佳操作条件。采用x射线衍射仪、扫描电镜-能谱仪、电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱等方法对合金和炉渣的化学成分、赋存状态及元素含量进行了检测。结果表明，Cu、Sn和Ni主要在合金中积累，Fe主要在渣中氧化。在温度1250℃、富氧浓度30%、氧气体积24 L、CaO/SiO2质量比0.55、Fe/SiO2质量比1.05的最佳条件下，Cu、Sn和Ni的直接收率分别为90.18%、85.32%和81.10%。结果表明，渣中贵重金属主要通过机械夹带的方式流失。

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来源期刊

Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 工程技术-冶金工程

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

17.80%

发文量

8456

审稿时长

3.6 months

期刊介绍： The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China), founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, INSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.