{"title":"Utilizing luffa sponge-derived porous activated carbon as a sustainable environmental bio-mass for renewable energy storage applications","authors":"Brundha Chidambaram , Prabhu Sengodan , Seokwoo Jeon , Werayut Srituravanich","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107667","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of sustainable technologies for producing green energy sources is essential, especially for energy storage and conversion methods that preserve ecosystems. A promising approach involves using low-cost, eco-friendly activated carbon derived from bio-waste materials, such as luffa sponge, for energy storage applications. This study details the preparation of activated carbon (LSAC) derived from luffa sponge through hydrothermal treatment followed by KOH activation at 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C to optimize its properties. The biomass-derived carbon structural and morphological properties are analyzed, and these materials are used as electrodes to assess their electrochemical characteristics. According to cyclic voltammetry tests, LSAC-8 demonstrates a specific capacitance of 411.63 F g⁻<sup>1</sup> at a current density of 1 A g⁻<sup>1</sup>, exhibiting much lower electrochemical impedance than the other samples. LSAC-8 also demonstrates low internal resistance (1.25 Ω) and superb cycling stability over 2000 cycles, enhancing the electrochemical performance of biomass resources. Delivering a high energy density of 24.88 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 1230 W kg<sup>−1</sup> in a PVA/KOH electrolyte, the LSAC-8-based symmetric supercapacitor demonstrates substantial commercial potential for high-efficiency supercapacitor technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"194 ","pages":"Article 107667"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biomass & Bioenergy","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0961953425000789","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/2/3 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The advancement of sustainable technologies for producing green energy sources is essential, especially for energy storage and conversion methods that preserve ecosystems. A promising approach involves using low-cost, eco-friendly activated carbon derived from bio-waste materials, such as luffa sponge, for energy storage applications. This study details the preparation of activated carbon (LSAC) derived from luffa sponge through hydrothermal treatment followed by KOH activation at 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C to optimize its properties. The biomass-derived carbon structural and morphological properties are analyzed, and these materials are used as electrodes to assess their electrochemical characteristics. According to cyclic voltammetry tests, LSAC-8 demonstrates a specific capacitance of 411.63 F g⁻1 at a current density of 1 A g⁻1, exhibiting much lower electrochemical impedance than the other samples. LSAC-8 also demonstrates low internal resistance (1.25 Ω) and superb cycling stability over 2000 cycles, enhancing the electrochemical performance of biomass resources. Delivering a high energy density of 24.88 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1230 W kg−1 in a PVA/KOH electrolyte, the LSAC-8-based symmetric supercapacitor demonstrates substantial commercial potential for high-efficiency supercapacitor technologies.
发展生产绿色能源的可持续技术至关重要，特别是对于保护生态系统的能源储存和转换方法。一种很有前途的方法是使用从生物废料中提取的低成本、环保的活性炭，如丝瓜海绵，用于储能应用。以丝瓜海绵为原料，通过水热处理和KOH活化，分别在400°C、600°C和800°C条件下制备了活性炭（LSAC），以优化其性能。分析了生物质衍生碳的结构和形态特性，并将这些材料用作电极来评估其电化学特性。根据循环伏安法测试，LSAC-8在电流密度为1 a g⁻1时的比电容为411.63 F g⁻1，表现出比其他样品低得多的电化学阻抗。LSAC-8还具有低内阻（1.25 Ω）和2000次循环的优异循环稳定性，提高了生物质资源的电化学性能。在PVA/KOH电解质中，基于lsac -8的对称超级电容器在1230 W kg - 1的功率密度下提供24.88 Wh kg - 1的高能量密度，显示出高效超级电容器技术的巨大商业潜力。
期刊介绍：
Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials.
The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy.
Key areas covered by the journal:
• Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation.
• Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal.
• Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes
• Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation
• Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.
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