Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan population.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Public Health Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI:10.1017/S1368980025000199

Khaoula El Kinany, Zineb Hatime, Achraf El Asri, Abdelilah Benslimane, Meimouna Mint Sidi Deoula, Btissame Zarrouq, Pagona Lagiou, Karima El Rhazi

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Abstract

Objective: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary pattern associated with several health benefits, including reduction of risk for various cancers. We conducted a study to investigate associations between adherence to the MD and colorectal cancer (CRC) subtype risk among Moroccan adults.

Design: A matched case-control study.

Setting: The five major university hospitals in Morocco.

Participants: A total of 3032 subjects (1516 CRC patients and 1516 controls) matched on age, sex and centre were recruited between September 2009 and February 2017 at five major hospitals in Morocco. Diet was assessed using a validated FFQ. Adherence to the MD was assessed through a score, ranging from 0 (no adherence) to 10 (maximal adherence) and divided into three categories (low, middle and high). Conditional logistic regression was performed to calculate multivariable OR and 95 % CI with low adherence (score 0-3) as referent, adjusting for potential confounding factors.

Results: Close adherence to the MD (score 6-9) was associated with reduced risk of CRC (ORa = 0.74, 95 % CI 0.63, 0.86), rectal cancer (ORa = 0.73, 95 % CI 0.58, 0.90) and colon cancer (ORa = 0.74, 95 % CI 0.60, 0.92).

Conclusion: Our study, conducted in a southern Mediterranean population, adds to the evidence suggesting a protective effect of MD against CRC risk.

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坚持地中海饮食与结直肠癌风险：摩洛哥人口的大型病例对照研究

目的：地中海饮食（MD）是一种与几种健康益处相关的饮食模式，包括降低患各种癌症的风险。我们进行了一项研究，调查摩洛哥成年人坚持MD与结直肠癌（CRC）亚型风险之间的关系。设计：配对病例对照研究。环境：摩洛哥的五所主要大学医院。参与者：2009年9月至2017年2月，在摩洛哥的五家主要医院招募了3032名受试者（1516名结直肠癌患者和1516名对照组），年龄、性别和中心相匹配。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估饮食。对地中海饮食的坚持程度通过评分进行评估，评分范围从0（没有坚持）到10（最大坚持），分为低、中、高三类。采用条件logistic回归计算以低依从性（评分0-3）为参照的多变量奇比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI），调整潜在的混杂因素。结果：严格遵守地中海饮食（评分6-9）与CRC风险降低相关（ORa = 0.74, 95% CI 0.63-0.86）；直肠癌（ORa = 0.73, 95% CI 0.58- 0.90）和结肠癌（ORa = 0.74, 95% CI 0.60-0.92）。结论：我们在地中海南部人群中进行的研究，进一步证明了MD对CRC风险的保护作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Public Health Nutrition 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

6.20%

发文量

521

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Public Health Nutrition provides an international peer-reviewed forum for the publication and dissemination of research and scholarship aimed at understanding the causes of, and approaches and solutions to nutrition-related public health achievements, situations and problems around the world. The journal publishes original and commissioned articles, commentaries and discussion papers for debate. The journal is of interest to epidemiologists and health promotion specialists interested in the role of nutrition in disease prevention; academics and those involved in fieldwork and the application of research to identify practical solutions to important public health problems.