[A cross-sectional study of the characteristics of patients with pneumoconiosis complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of patients with pneumoconiosis complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to explore the comorbidity of pneumoconiosis and COPD and its influencing factors. Methods: From October to December 2022, 255 pneumoconiosis patients admitted to an occupational disease prevention and control hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects. According to whether the pneumoconiosis patients were complicated with COPD or not, they were divided into pneumoconiosis and COPD comorbidity group and pneumoconiosis group. The general condition and dust exposure of the two groups of patients were analyzed, and the relationship between different types and different periods of pneumoconiosis and COPD comorbidity was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 255 subjects were collected, including 64 patients with comorbidity of pneumoconiosis and COPD, and the comorbidity rate was 25.1%. There were 186 males (72.9%) and 69 females (27.1%), ranging in age from 35 to 90 (63.79±11.79) years, and working age from 1 to 45 (20.31±10.57) years. The comorbidity of pneumoconiosis and COPD increased with the increase of working age (χ(2) (trend)=8.19, P=0.004), and the comorbidity rate for COPD with working age of more than 30 years was 37.7% (23/61). The comorbidity rate of pneumoconiosis and COPD also increased with the increase of the stage of pneumoconiosis (χ(2)(trend)=13.14, P<0.001), and the comorbidity rate of pneumoconiosis and COPD in the stage Ⅲ was as high as 44.0% (11/25). The cumulative dust exposure was negatively correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV(1)/FVC), and the linear regression equation y=-0.04x+78.4. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the length of services ≥30 years (OR=3.30, 95%CI: 1.15-9.52) and stageⅡ (OR=3.05, 95%CI: 1.03-9.04) were the risk factors for comorbidity between pneumoconiosis and COPD (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The comorbidity rate of pneumoconiosis and COPD is high. Working age, pneumoconiosis stage and cumulative dust exposure are the main influencing factors of pneumoconiosis and COPD comorbidity, so more attention should be paid to the comorbidity of pneumoconiosis and COPD.