Immunologically active cell wall polysaccharides of green microalga Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides (Chlorellacea)

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED Carbohydrate Polymers Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-09 DOI:10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.123242

Leonid Sushytskyi , Andriy Synytsya , Pavol Lukáč , Lenka Rajsiglová , Peter Capek , Radek Pohl , Roman Bleha , Luca E. Vannucci , Daniel Smrz , Jana Čopíková , Petr Kaštánek

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Abstract

Dictyosphaerium chlorelloides is a green microalga from the Chlorella clade that produces highly viscous exocellular polysaccharides. The cell wall polysaccharides of this alga have not been studied in detail. In this article, water-soluble polysaccharides from D. chlorelloides biomass were extracted with hot water and purified by preparative chromatography. The composition, structural features and molecular masses of subsequently eluted fractions F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5 (minor) were determined. Three high-yield products F1, F3 and F4 consisted mainly of galactopyranosyl, 2-O-methyl-galactopyranosyl, rhamnopyranosyl and mannopyranosyl units at different proportions, while F2 was rich in glucose. Immunoactivity of these fractions was evidenced in a mixed population of immune cells derived from mice spleens after incubation with polysaccharides by flow cytometry, MTT and Immunospot assays. These fractions, except F2, demonstrated selective immunostimulant activity, and the F1 fraction induced the most potent effect, closely followed by the F3 and F4 fractions. The in vivo mechanism of their action is associated with the activation of innate immunity and shapes the immune response to the Th1 type.

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绿微藻绿球藻（chlorelloides）免疫活性细胞壁多糖的研究

小球藻双球藻是小球藻分支中的一种绿色微藻，可产生高粘性的胞外多糖。这种藻类的细胞壁多糖尚未被详细研究过。本文对小球藻生物质水溶性多糖进行热水提取和制备层析纯化。测定随后洗脱的F1、F2、F3、F4和F5（次要）组分的组成、结构特征和分子质量。高产产物F1、F3和F4主要由不同比例的半乳糖炔诺基、2- o -甲基半乳糖炔诺基、鼠李糖炔诺基和甘露糖炔诺基单元组成，而F2富含葡萄糖。通过流式细胞术、MTT和免疫斑点试验，证实了这些组分在多糖孵育后小鼠脾脏中获得的混合免疫细胞群中的免疫活性。除F2组分外，其余各组分均表现出选择性免疫刺激活性，其中F1组分的免疫刺激作用最强，其次为F3和F4组分。它们的体内作用机制与先天免疫的激活有关，并形成对Th1型的免疫反应。

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来源期刊

Carbohydrate Polymers 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

22.40

自引率

8.00%

发文量

1286

审稿时长

47 days

期刊介绍： Carbohydrate Polymers stands as a prominent journal in the glycoscience field, dedicated to exploring and harnessing the potential of polysaccharides with applications spanning bioenergy, bioplastics, biomaterials, biorefining, chemistry, drug delivery, food, health, nanotechnology, packaging, paper, pharmaceuticals, medicine, oil recovery, textiles, tissue engineering, wood, and various aspects of glycoscience. The journal emphasizes the central role of well-characterized carbohydrate polymers, highlighting their significance as the primary focus rather than a peripheral topic. Each paper must prominently feature at least one named carbohydrate polymer, evident in both citation and title, with a commitment to innovative research that advances scientific knowledge.