Carbohydrate Polymers最新文献

Fabrication of egg white peptides/konjac glucomannan co-assembly stabilized high internal phase Pickering emulsions: Application for co-delivery of vitamin D3 and riboflavin 蛋白肽/魔芋葡甘露聚糖共组装稳定高内相皮克林乳剂的制备：在维生素D3和核黄素共递送中的应用

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125068

Shanglin Li , Leiyi Zhang , Yulun Wu , Jiale Guo , Chengbo Yang , Kun Chen , Yajuan Li , Longjiang Tian , Jingbo Liu , Ting Zhang , Zhiyang Du

With the increasing demand for the co-encapsulation and controlled delivery of bioactive compounds, the design of liquid-based carriers has garnered considerable attention. Vitamin D₃ and riboflavin sodium phosphate (RP) suffer from poor stability and low bioavailability; nevertheless, high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) feature a tunable microstructure that allows for effective compartmentalization of multiple components. In this study, HIPPEs stabilized by egg white peptide (EWP)-konjac glucomannan (KGM) co-assemblies were constructed as a versatile vehicle for the co-delivery of vitamin D₃ and RP. EWP-KGM co-assemblies were comprehensively characterized using multispectral techniques and structural analyses. The EWP@KGM co-assembly (mass ratio 10:5) exhibited enhanced emulsifying activity index (EAI: 15.12 m²/g, 3.74-fold higher than EWP) and emulsifying stability index (ESI: 736.60 min, 53-fold higher than EWP), attributed to increased interfacial thickness and steric hindrance. All HIPPEs demonstrated shear-thinning behavior, gel-like viscoelasticity (G′ > G″), and long-term storage stability. Under simulated gastrointestinal digestion, EWP-KGM-HIPPEs protected RP integrity and improved vitamin D₃ bioaccessibility. FFA release kinetics followed Korsmeyer-Peppas model, indicating anomalous transport driven by diffusion and matrix relaxation. This study presents a promising platform for the dual encapsulation of bioactives with contrasting polarities, paving the way for applications in nutraceuticals.

随着生物活性化合物的共包封和控制递送需求的增加，液体基载体的设计引起了人们的广泛关注。维生素D3和核黄素磷酸钠（RP）稳定性差，生物利用度低；然而，高内相皮克林乳剂（hipes）具有可调的微观结构，可以有效地划分多个组分。本研究构建了蛋白肽(EWP)-魔芋葡甘露聚糖（KGM）共组装体稳定的hipe，作为维生素D3和RP共同递送的多功能载体。利用多光谱技术和结构分析对EWP-KGM共组装体进行了全面表征。由于界面厚度和位阻的增加，EWP@KGM共组装体（质量比为10:5）的乳化活性指数（EAI: 15.12 m2/g，比EWP高3.74倍）和乳化稳定性指数（ESI: 736.60 min，比EWP高53倍）均有所提高。所有hipes都表现出剪切减薄行为、凝胶样粘弹性（G ' > G″）和长期储存稳定性。在模拟胃肠消化条件下，ewp - kgm - hips保护RP完整性，提高维生素D3的生物可及性。FFA释放动力学符合Korsmeyer-Peppas模型，表明由扩散和基质弛豫驱动的异常输运。本研究为极性不同的生物活性物质的双包封提供了一个有前景的平台，为其在营养药品中的应用铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Natural polysaccharides for alleviating heavy metal toxicity — Recent advances and future prospects 减轻重金属毒性的天然多糖研究进展及前景展望

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125011

He Liu , Yanru Li , Qiming She , Shenglong Yang , Jiameng Sun , Xinyi Zhi , Kaixuan Mao , Shixin Song , Lei Yu , Boyu Xiong

With the rapid global industrialization, human living environment has been contaminated by heavy metals (HMs), especially in food safety. HMs accumulate in the human body to toxic thresholds, posing serious health risks. Conventional chelation therapies entail high costs and significant side effects, whereas natural polysaccharides (NPs) have exhibited considerable potential in alleviating HM toxicity. However, holistic research on alleviation of HM toxicity by these polysaccharides has not been systematically elucidated, with gaps in exploring their diverse sources and multiple organs regulatory mechanisms. The sources and structures of NPs, the food-borne sources and toxic effects of HMs, are summarized in this review. The potential molecular mechanisms by which polysaccharides alleviate HM toxicity are elaborated. NPs alleviate HM-induced neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and enhancing cellular activity. NPs also regulate gut microbiota and metabolism to promote intestinal health and alleviate intestinal damage. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the structure-activity relationships of NPs. The limitations of NPs in alleviating HM-induced multi-organ toxicity are analyzed. Dietary interventions of polysaccharides for alleviating HM toxicity are investigated. Furthermore, the prospective research strategies of NPs against HM toxicity are proposed.

随着全球工业化进程的加快，人类生活环境受到了重金属污染，特别是在食品安全方面。HMs在人体内累积达到毒性阈值，构成严重的健康风险。传统的螯合疗法需要高成本和显著的副作用，而天然多糖（NPs）在减轻HM毒性方面显示出相当大的潜力。然而，这些多糖减轻HM毒性的整体研究尚未系统阐明，在探索其多来源和多器官调节机制方面存在空白。本文就NPs的来源和结构、HMs的食源性来源和毒性作用作一综述。阐述了多糖减轻HM毒性的潜在分子机制。NPs通过抑制氧化应激、减少炎症和增强细胞活性来减轻hm诱导的神经毒性、肝毒性和肾毒性。NPs还能调节肠道菌群和代谢，促进肠道健康，减轻肠道损伤。NPs的构效关系有待进一步研究。分析了NPs在减轻hm诱导的多器官毒性方面的局限性。研究了膳食中多糖对减轻HM毒性的干预作用。最后，提出了NPs抗HM毒性的前瞻性研究策略。

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引用次数: 0

All-biomass tunable CPL films based on cellulose nanocrystals and Taxus carbon dots for multimodal anti-counterfeiting and encryption 基于纤维素纳米晶和红豆杉碳点的全生物质可调CPL膜的多模态防伪和加密

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.124956

Shenghui Li , Wenbo Li , Qian Cheng , Qizheng Tang , Guangshi Sun , Kexin Zhang , Shouxin Liu , Lijuan Wang

Cellulose-based fluorescence carbon dots (CDs) hybrid materials exhibiting multiple optical states hold significant promise for advanced information encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications. However, constructing all-biomass circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with tunable optical states to substantially enhance anti-counterfeiting performance remains a challenge. Herein, a doping-free, one-pot hydrothermal method was developed to simultaneously synthesize blue-and red-emitting biomass carbon dots (B-BCDs and R-BCDs) using natural Taxus leaves as carbon sources. Subsequently, all-biomass CPL films with tunable emission were fabricated through an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) strategy, incorporating B/R-BCDs into eco-friendly chiral cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) matrices. The obtained all-biomass CPL films simultaneously displayed vivid structural colors with a blue-to-yellow transition and tunable multicolor fluorescence under UV irradiation. Ultrasonication treatment modulated the photonic bandgap (PBG) of CPL films, enabling tunable CPL emissions at 450 nm and 670 nm. Importantly, dual regulation of both the fluorescence from the BCDs and the structural color form the CNCs was achieved by leveraging the spectral overlap between the modulated PBG and the emission wavelengths of the BCDs. Furthermore, advanced information encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications were demonstrated based on the multimodal luminescence properties of these films.

纤维素基荧光碳点（CDs）混合材料具有多种光学状态，在先进的信息加密和防伪应用中具有重要的前景。然而，构建具有可调谐光态的全生物质圆偏振发光（CPL）以大幅提高防伪性能仍然是一个挑战。本研究以天然红豆杉叶片为碳源，建立了一种无掺杂的一锅水热法同时合成蓝色和红色生物质碳点（B-BCDs和R-BCDs）。随后，通过蒸发诱导自组装（EISA）策略，将B/ r - bcd结合到环保手性纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）基质中，制备了具有可调发射的全生物质CPL薄膜。得到的全生物质CPL膜在紫外照射下呈现出蓝黄相间的鲜明结构色和可调的多色荧光。超声处理调制CPL薄膜的光子带隙（PBG），使CPL在450 nm和670 nm的发射可调谐。重要的是，通过利用调制PBG和bcd发射波长之间的光谱重叠，实现了bcd荧光和cnc结构色的双重调节。此外，基于这些薄膜的多模态发光特性，还展示了先进的信息加密和防伪应用。

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引用次数: 0

Structural, rheological, and physicochemical properties of starch-based eutectogels from diverse botanical sources 不同植物来源淀粉基共凝胶的结构、流变学和物理化学性质

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125039

Yiyun Wei , Guantian Li , Fan Zhu

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) have emerged as green alternatives for starch modification, yet understanding of how native starch structure determines modification outcomes remains limited. This study elucidates the relationship between native starch type and DES treatment outcomes through characterization of eutectogels prepared from ten botanically diverse starches using fructose–malic acid natural DES (NADES). The acidic NADES promoted degradation of long-chain amylose and enhanced granule dissolution, leading to reduced gel network strength in eutectogels compared to hydrogels, with extents varying among starch types. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed reduced short-range ordered structures together with enhanced crystalline structures after NADES treatment. Thermal analysis indicated higher gelatinization temperatures for eutectogels. These molecular-level modifications were reflected by functional property changes that differed by starch category. Rheological and texture analyses showed that most eutectogels developed weaker gel networks with more fluid-like behavior, particularly those from root/tuber and cereal starches, whereas legume starch eutectogels exhibited greater shear resistance and reduced syneresis. Syneresis increased in most eutectogels except those from legume starches. Principal component analysis showed that amylose content, granule size, and crystalline structure governed NADES response patterns. These findings expand understanding of starch–NADES interactions and highlight the role of native structure in tailoring starch-based materials.

深共晶溶剂（DES）已成为淀粉改性的绿色替代品，但对天然淀粉结构如何决定改性结果的理解仍然有限。本研究通过对十种不同植物淀粉用果糖-苹果酸天然DES （NADES）制备的共凝胶进行表征，阐明了天然淀粉类型与DES处理效果之间的关系。酸性NADES促进了长链直链淀粉的降解，增强了颗粒的溶解，导致与水凝胶相比，共凝胶中的凝胶网络强度降低，不同淀粉类型的程度不同。傅里叶变换红外光谱显示，NADES处理后，晶体结构增强，近程有序结构减小。热分析表明，共凝胶的凝胶化温度较高。这些分子水平的修饰反映在不同淀粉类别的功能特性变化上。流变学和结构分析表明，大多数共凝胶形成较弱的凝胶网络，具有更多的流体样行为，特别是来自根/块茎和谷物淀粉的凝胶，而豆类淀粉共凝胶表现出更大的抗剪切性和更低的协同作用。除豆科淀粉外，大多数共聚凝胶的联合力增强。主成分分析表明，直链淀粉含量、颗粒大小和晶体结构决定了NADES的响应模式。这些发现扩大了对淀粉- nades相互作用的理解，并强调了天然结构在定制淀粉基材料中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Structural validation and immunogenic characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22A capsular polysaccharide relative to serotype 22F 22A型肺炎链球菌荚膜多糖相对于22F型的结构验证和免疫原性表征

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125022

Xiongyan Meng , Huimin Yang , Yannan Xue , Yingjie Zhong , Siqi Wang , Chen Li , Xiao Liu , Shuai Meng , Jianping Li , Tiantian Sun , Chengli Zong

Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22A is a significant contributor to invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in selected regions and is closely related to the vaccine-included serotype 22F. The repeating unit (RU) structure of serotype 22A capsular polysaccharide (CPS) was reported in a patent. In this study, we performed a comprehensive structural validation combining chemical derivatization, high-resolution MS, and NMR spectroscopy to confirm the RU structure, O-acetylation pattern, as well as its immunological characterization relative to 22F. The RU of 22A CPS was confirmed as: [→3)-β-D-Galf-(1 → 2)-α-L-Rhap-(1 → 4)-β-D-GlcAp-(1 → 4)-(α-D-Galp-(1 → 3))-β-L-Rhap-(2-OAc)(1 → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→]_n. It is highly similar to that of 22F, with the key difference being a side chain α-d-galactopyranose in 22A versus α-d-glucopyranose in 22F. O-acetylation was also identified as an important structural feature. Immunogenicity was assessed using 22A and 22F CPS-CRM197 conjugates in rabbits. Both vaccines elicited robust antibody responses. Glycan microarray analysis revealed cross-reactive binding between 22A and 22F, while also demonstrating that O-acetyl group is a key contributing factor for antibody recognition. These findings provide the detailed structural characterization of 22A CPS, establish its distinction from 22F, and highlight the roles of side chain sugar and O-acetylation in immunogenicity, offering guidance for pneumococcal vaccine design.

在某些地区，22A型肺炎链球菌是侵袭性肺炎球菌病（IPD）的重要致病因素，并且与含疫苗的22F型血清密切相关。报道了血清型22A荚膜多糖（CPS）的重复单元（RU）结构。在本研究中，我们结合化学衍生化、高分辨率质谱和核磁共振谱进行了全面的结构验证，以确定RU的结构、o -乙酰化模式以及相对于22F的免疫学特性。22的俄文CPS确认为:[→3)-β-D-Galf -(1→2)α-L-Rhap -(1→4)-β-D-GlcAp -(1→4)-(α-D-Galp -(1→3))-β-L-Rhap——(2-OAc)(1→4)-β-D-Glcp n -(1→]。它与22F高度相似，关键的区别在于22A中的侧链α-d-半乳糖醛酸糖与22F中的α-d-葡萄糖醛酸糖。o -乙酰化也被认为是一个重要的结构特征。用22A和22F CPS-CRM197偶联物对兔进行免疫原性评价。两种疫苗都引起了强烈的抗体反应。糖聚糖微阵列分析显示22A和22F之间存在交叉反应性结合，同时也表明o -乙酰基是抗体识别的关键因素。这些发现提供了22A CPS的详细结构特征，确定了其与22F的区别，并强调了侧链糖和o -乙酰化在免疫原性中的作用，为肺炎球菌疫苗设计提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

“All oat!” Optimizing the spray drying process for oat oil emulsions stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals and methylcellulose “所有的燕麦!”优化纤维素纳米晶和甲基纤维素稳定燕麦油乳的喷雾干燥工艺

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125031

Megan G. Roberts , Keanna Yu , Marcus A. Johns , Golshan Matinfar , Emily D. Cranston

Oil-filled powders are increasingly important as nutraceutical use expands across food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical sectors. Oat products are attractive for such applications due to their high antioxidant content, however oat oil (a grain refining by-product) remains challenging to stabilize because it readily oxidizes and thus has not previously been converted into a dry, reconstitutable powder. Here, we report a fully bio-based encapsulation platform in which oat oil is stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), food-grade methylcellulose, and tannic acid. Emulsion stability was evaluated for cold-pressed and solvent-extracted oat oils, with cold-pressed exhibiting superior stability. Spray drying was systemically optimized using a design-of-experiments (DOE) approach to quantify the effects of CNC content and processing parameters on powder yield and quality. The optimized powders achieved yields up to 82%, oil contents of 89%, moisture contents below 2%, and rapid reconstitution into stable emulsions, with CNC content identified as the dominant factor governing performance. CNCs were also extracted directly from oat hulls and applied to produce an “All Oat!” encapsulation system in which both stabilizer and oil come from a single biomass source. Overall, this work establishes a scalable, energy-efficient, carbohydrate-driven route to high-oil-loading powders that meets the growing demand for surfactant-free, sustainable formulations.

随着营养保健品在食品、化妆品和制药领域的应用扩展，含油粉末变得越来越重要。燕麦产品因其高抗氧化剂含量而对此类应用具有吸引力，然而燕麦油（谷物精炼的副产品）仍然具有挑战性，因为它容易氧化，因此以前没有转化为干燥，可重构的粉末。在这里，我们报道了一个完全基于生物的胶囊化平台，其中燕麦油由纤维素纳米晶体（cnc）、食品级甲基纤维素和单宁酸稳定。对冷榨和溶剂萃取的燕麦油进行了乳状液稳定性评价，其中冷榨的稳定性较好。采用实验设计（DOE）方法对喷雾干燥进行了系统优化，量化了CNC含量和加工参数对粉末产量和质量的影响。优化后的粉末产率高达82%，含油量89%，含水率低于2%，并能快速重构成稳定的乳液，其中CNC含量是影响性能的主要因素。CNCs也直接从燕麦壳中提取，并用于生产“全燕麦”封装系统，其中稳定剂和油都来自单一生物质来源。总的来说，这项工作建立了一个可扩展的、节能的、碳水化合物驱动的高含油粉末路线，以满足对无表面活性剂、可持续配方日益增长的需求。

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引用次数: 0

A chitosan-based composite scaffold as a bioactive strontium-delivery system mediating accelerated bone regeneration 壳聚糖基复合支架作为生物活性锶递送系统加速骨再生

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125082

Jiyang Zeng , Wei Li , Yawei Li , Zhiming Tu , Hong Ma , Yuliang Dai , Bing Wang , Hongbing Deng

Bone defects caused by trauma, tumor resection, or infection represent significant clinical challenges in orthopaedic practice. Current bone graft materials are often limited by suboptimal osteogenic capacity, donor site morbidity, and insufficient mechanical properties. In this study, we developed a composite bone regeneration scaffold composed of chitosan, silk fibroin fibers, and strontium alginate microspheres (CS/SF@SrAlg) via microfluidic electrospray coupled with fiber fragmentation-recombination techniques. This chitosan-based composite scaffold combines excellent biocompatibility, wide availability, and enhanced mechanical properties. Chemical cross-linking and physical interactions among the components facilitated the formation of a composite system for controlled Sr²⁺ release. The scaffold exhibits a hierarchically porous architecture that promotes cellular infiltration, while the silk fibroin fibers improve mechanical integrity and help maintain an optimal microenvironment. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the scaffold significantly enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic mineralization, with a cell proliferation rate of more than 120%. In a rat calvarial defect model, the scaffold markedly promoted angiogenesis and osteogenesis, with 81.8% ± 1.48% bone regeneration coverage observed at 8 weeks post-implantation. Mechanistically, RNA transcriptomics revealed that it promoted osteogenesis through modulation of the key PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Collectively, the CS/SF@SrAlg scaffold represents a promising biomaterial strategy for bone defect repair with substantial potential for clinical application.

创伤、肿瘤切除或感染引起的骨缺损是骨科实践中重大的临床挑战。目前的骨移植材料常常受到成骨能力欠佳、供体部位病变和机械性能不足的限制。在本研究中，我们采用微流控电喷雾结合纤维断裂-重组技术，开发了由壳聚糖、丝素纤维和海藻酸锶微球（CS/SF@SrAlg）组成的复合骨再生支架。这种壳聚糖基复合支架具有优异的生物相容性、广泛的可用性和增强的机械性能。组分之间的化学交联和物理相互作用有助于形成控制Sr2+释放的复合体系。该支架呈分层多孔结构，促进细胞浸润，而丝素纤维提高机械完整性，有助于维持最佳微环境。体外实验表明，该支架显著增强了细胞的增殖、迁移和成骨矿化，细胞增殖率超过120%。在大鼠颅骨缺损模型中，支架明显促进血管生成和成骨，在植入后8周观察到81.8%±1.48%的骨再生覆盖率。在机制上，RNA转录组学显示它通过调节关键的PI3K-Akt信号通路促进骨生成。总之，CS/SF@SrAlg支架代表了一种很有前途的骨缺损修复生物材料策略，具有巨大的临床应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Fine structural features of polysaccharides and gut microbiota Co-regulate mucin O-glycosylation: Mechanisms and advances 多糖的精细结构特征和肠道菌群共同调节粘蛋白o糖基化：机制和进展

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2025.124859

Tong Zhao, Bo Zhang, Xuansheng Hu, Feng Jia, Qianna Zheng, Ting Lu, Siyuan Tan, Wuying Lang, Nianwu He, Xuhua Liang

Mucin O-glycosylation is a key mechanism maintaining intestinal homeostasis and involving complex crosstalk between mucin glycan structures and microbial metabolism. Polysaccharides, as primary carbon sources for gut microbes, exert structure-dependent effects—through monosaccharide composition, glycosidic linkages, molecular weight, branching patterns, and chemical modifications—on microbial colonization and metabolism. Microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids, further regulate host glycosyltransferase expression, thereby remodeling mucin O-glycans. Meanwhile, bacterial glycosidases (e.g., fucosidases and sialidases) dynamically remodel Core 1/Core 2 structures and terminal decorations, altering mucus properties and microbial adhesion. This review summarizes how polysaccharide fine structures influence the microbial community composition and mucin O-glycosylation, emphasizing the “SCFAs–G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) / Histone deacetylase (HDAC)” axis in glycosyltransferase regulation. Analyses of disease models reveal that reduced sulfation/sialylation and core-structure decomplexification are hallmarks of pathological mucin remodeling, with distinct mechanisms across disease contexts. For example, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), H₂S-induced disruption of mucin disulfide bonds synergizes with microbial enzymes, whereas in allergic models, SCFA–Treg signaling modulates glycosylation indirectly. Finally, we highlight structural design of polysaccharides, microbial modulation, and enzyme inhibition as potential strategies for therapeutic intervention and propose glycan-targeted prebiotics for precise regulation of mucosal barrier function.

粘蛋白o糖基化是维持肠道内稳态的关键机制，涉及粘蛋白聚糖结构与微生物代谢之间的复杂串导。多糖作为肠道微生物的主要碳源，通过单糖组成、糖苷键、分子量、分支模式和化学修饰，对微生物定植和代谢产生结构依赖效应。微生物代谢物，包括短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）和胆汁酸，进一步调节宿主糖基转移酶的表达，从而重塑粘蛋白o -聚糖。同时，细菌糖苷酶（如聚焦酶和唾液酸酶）动态重塑Core 1/Core 2结构和末端装饰，改变粘液性质和微生物粘附。本文综述了多糖精细结构对微生物群落组成和粘蛋白o糖基化的影响，重点阐述了糖基转移酶调控中的“SCFAs-G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR) /组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC）”轴。对疾病模型的分析表明，磺化/唾液化减少和核心结构解耦是病理性粘蛋白重塑的标志，在不同的疾病背景下具有不同的机制。例如，在炎症性肠病（IBD）中，H₂s诱导的粘蛋白二硫键的破坏与微生物酶协同作用，而在过敏模型中，SCFA-Treg信号间接调节糖基化。最后，我们强调了多糖的结构设计、微生物调节和酶抑制作为治疗干预的潜在策略，并提出了糖靶向益生元来精确调节粘膜屏障功能。

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引用次数: 0

Functional hyaluronic acid/gelatin hydrogel accelerates the closure and healing of diabetic wounds 功能性透明质酸/明胶水凝胶加速糖尿病伤口的闭合和愈合

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125045

Qianqian Du , Juan Liu , Chuanfeng Ding , Xiaofei Wang , Liangsheng Li , Qian Feng , Hao Tang , Qian Zhou , Yongsheng Yu

The healing of extensive drug-resistant and skin area diabetic wounds poses significantly greater challenges compared to the recovery of typical wounds. Advanced approaches like tissue engineering and regenerative medicine hold promise, exemplified by hyaluronic acid/gelatin/poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAm) hydrogel, a temperature-sensitive auto-shrinkage hydrogel with injectable biomimetic mechanical functions. Here, aldehyde-modified hyaluronic acid (HA-CHO) and hydrazide-grafted gelatin (Gel-ADH) are chosen, crosslinked to form a gel by the Schiff base reaction, introduced with PNIPAm to accelerate the wound contraction, and loaded with the pro-angiogenic peptide Ten-2 and the antimicrobial peptides IB-367. Both in vitro and in vivo studies illustrate their effectiveness in accelerating and facilitating the healing process of skin wounds. The hydrogel is able to consistently and successfully suppress the growth of bacteria in the wound, and upregulate the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TGF-β1, α-SMA, and p-Smad2, all of which could aid in the healing process of diabetic wounds. This injectable hydrogel containing antimicrobial peptides and accelerating wound healing mimics the contractile characteristics of myofibroblasts through its biomimetic mechanical mechanism. It can adapt to the dynamic changes of the skin and help repair diabetic wounds that are challenging to treat and may prove to be a good option for regenerative medicine.

与典型伤口的恢复相比，广泛的耐药和皮肤区域糖尿病伤口的愈合提出了更大的挑战。组织工程和再生医学等先进方法前景光明，例如透明质酸/明胶/聚（n -异丙基丙烯酰胺）（PNIPAm）水凝胶，一种温度敏感的自动收缩水凝胶，具有可注射的仿生机械功能。在这里，选择醛修饰透明质酸（HA-CHO）和酰肼接枝明胶（gel - adh），通过席夫碱反应交联形成凝胶，引入PNIPAm以加速伤口收缩，并加载促血管生成肽10 -2和抗菌肽IB-367。体外和体内研究都表明它们在加速和促进皮肤伤口愈合过程中的有效性。该水凝胶能够持续且成功地抑制创面细菌的生长，上调促炎因子TGF-β1、α-SMA、p-Smad2的表达，促进糖尿病创面愈合。这种可注射的水凝胶含有抗菌肽和加速伤口愈合，通过其仿生机械机制模仿肌成纤维细胞的收缩特性。它可以适应皮肤的动态变化，帮助修复糖尿病伤口，这些伤口很难治疗，可能被证明是再生医学的一个很好的选择。

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引用次数: 0

Increases in cell-wall homogalacturonan but decreases in xylogalacturonan accompany transition from dormant to vegetative stages in Chrysolaena obovata rhizophores 卵黄金葵根状茎从休眠阶段向营养阶段过渡时，细胞壁高半乳糖酸增加而木质半乳糖酸减少

IF 12.5 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Carbohydrate Polymers

Pub Date : 2026-05-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2026.125086

Marina Câmara Mattos Martins , Fernanda dos Santos Kretzschmar , Nicholas C. Carpita , Adriana Hissae Hayashi , Maria Angela Machado de Carvalho , Breno Leite , Marcia Regina Braga

The rhizophores of Chrysolaena obovata, a perennial herb native to the Brazilian Cerrado, are underground storage organs that accumulate fructans and support vegetative propagation. Here, we investigated how the content of fructans and the composition of rhizophore cell wall polysaccharides change across developmental stages and contribute to seasonal adaptation. In addition to the accumulation of fructans in vacuoles (∼26–55% of the dry mass according to the developmental stage), cell-wall polysaccharide composition changed throughout the growth cycle, reflecting structural adjustments linked to developmental and environmental cues. These cell walls have a type I architecture, typical of eudicots. Although total pectin content remained stable, homogalacturonans increased in proportion during the transition from dormant to vegetative stages, whereas amounts of xylogalacturonans decreased. Xylogalacturonans accumulate within the middle lamella during the dormant phase and are potentially associated with flexibility and water retention. Hemicelluloses consisted mainly of low-substituted arabinoxylans and xyloglucan, consistent with a secondary cell wall profile. Xylans decreased slightly in the transition from the dormant to vegetative stage, while xyloglucan proportions increased. Overall, our findings show that seasonal metabolic changes in C. obovata involve dynamic modifications of rhizophore cell wall polysaccharides, which contribute to organ development and drought adaptation throughout the seasonal cycle.

巴西塞拉多地区的多年生草本植物黄葵（Chrysolaena obovata）的根茎是地下储存器官，可以积累果聚糖并支持无性繁殖。在此，我们研究了果聚糖含量和根茎细胞壁多糖组成在不同发育阶段的变化，以及对季节适应的影响。除了果聚糖在液泡中的积累（根据发育阶段约占干质量的26-55%）外，细胞壁多糖的组成在整个生长周期中也发生了变化，反映了与发育和环境线索相关的结构调整。这些细胞壁是I型结构，是典型的细胞壁。虽然总果胶含量保持稳定，但在休眠到营养阶段的过渡过程中，同质半乳糖醛酸的比例增加，而木质半乳糖醛酸的比例减少。在休眠阶段，Xylogalacturonans在中间薄片内积累，并可能与柔韧性和保水性有关。半纤维素主要由低取代的阿拉伯木聚糖和木葡聚糖组成，与次级细胞壁轮廓一致。在休眠到营养阶段的过渡阶段，木聚糖的比例略有下降，而木聚糖的比例则有所增加。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，在整个季节周期中，牛油果的季节性代谢变化涉及根茎细胞壁多糖的动态修饰，这有助于器官发育和干旱适应。

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引用次数: 0