Copper catalysed construction of C-P bond: C-H functionalization

Abstract

Over the past decades, transition metal catalysed synthesis of organophosphorus compounds appears with rapid advancements. Phosphorus annulated compounds achieved popularity because of their broad range of applications such as, ligands in catalysis, as bioactive natural products, medicines, agrochemicals and building blocks. It leads to further augmentation of relevant methodologies for the construction of bioactive scaffolds having C-P bond, which is new frontier in synthetic organic chemistry. Currently, organophosphorus compounds are being synthesised through transition metal catalyst. Metal catalysed pre-functionalization of heterocycles through phosphorus hydrogen (P- H) bond leads to the C-P linked heterocycles through C-H functionalization concept. The synthesis of several structurally varied complex compounds requires the use of copper catalysed reactions because of their strong bond forming abilities under moderate reaction conditions and broad functional group tolerance.

This review (2015–2024) focusses the advancement in copper catalysed C-P bond formation encompassing both intra and intermolecular transformations. Key aspects like reaction mechanism, substrate scope, catalyst design are discussed highlighting the versatility and applicability of synthetic approach. Furthermore, applications of the synthetic routes in the design of building blocks, agrochemicals and functional materials have been emphasized with respective mechanisms. Finally challenges and future directions in this field are outlined, aiming inspiration to researchers involved in construction of C-P bond.