{"title":"The volcanic rock spheres of Melka Kunture (Upper Awash, Ethiopia) at Gombore IB and later Acheulean sites","authors":"Margherita Mussi","doi":"10.1016/j.quaint.2025.109681","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rock spheres have been discovered at several prehistoric sites of Melka Kunture in the volcanic surroundings of the Upper Awash in the Ethiopian highlands. The paper describes those found at eight Acheulean sites spanning more than one million years, from Gombore IB (1.7 Ma or earlier) to Garba I (0.6 Ma), providing detailed metrical information. Contrarily to those from other Pleistocene localities, the spheres of Melka Kunture are not the endproduct or byproduct of anthropic activity, but rather carefully selected natural shapes of volcanic origin, i.e. lavas and accretionary lapilli. The spherical rocks and lapilli were picked by <em>Homo erectus</em> and later by <em>Homo heidelbergensis</em> from outcrops or secondary deposits which varied through time. Likely battered marks and abraded surface planes could be result of percussion activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49644,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary International","volume":"721 ","pages":"Article 109681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Quaternary International","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618225000242","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Rock spheres have been discovered at several prehistoric sites of Melka Kunture in the volcanic surroundings of the Upper Awash in the Ethiopian highlands. The paper describes those found at eight Acheulean sites spanning more than one million years, from Gombore IB (1.7 Ma or earlier) to Garba I (0.6 Ma), providing detailed metrical information. Contrarily to those from other Pleistocene localities, the spheres of Melka Kunture are not the endproduct or byproduct of anthropic activity, but rather carefully selected natural shapes of volcanic origin, i.e. lavas and accretionary lapilli. The spherical rocks and lapilli were picked by Homo erectus and later by Homo heidelbergensis from outcrops or secondary deposits which varied through time. Likely battered marks and abraded surface planes could be result of percussion activities.
期刊介绍：
Quaternary International is the official journal of the International Union for Quaternary Research. The objectives are to publish a high quality scientific journal under the auspices of the premier Quaternary association that reflects the interdisciplinary nature of INQUA and records recent advances in Quaternary science that appeal to a wide audience.
This series will encompass all the full spectrum of the physical and natural sciences that are commonly employed in solving Quaternary problems. The policy is to publish peer refereed collected research papers from symposia, workshops and meetings sponsored by INQUA. In addition, other organizations may request publication of their collected works pertaining to the Quaternary.
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