On the performance of RIS-assisted energy harvesting over mixed dual-hop RF-FSO communications

IF 2.2 4区计算机科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Physical Communication Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI:10.1016/j.phycom.2025.102615

Mustafa K. Alshawaqfeh , Osamah S. Badarneh , Yazan H. Al-Badarneh

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Abstract

The paper examines a mixed dual-hop transmission system that uses both radio frequency (RF) and free-space optical (FSO) communication technologies. The system includes an energy-constrained source (i.e., transmitter), a decode-and-forward (DaF) relay, and a destination. The source harvests energy from a power-beacon via a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) using a time-splitting protocol. The study derives closed-form expressions for the probability density functions (PDFs) and cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of the RF and FSO links, considering charging time and the number of reflecting elements. These expressions are then used to calculate the outage probability (OP), average bit error rate (ABER), and channel capacity, with additional simplified formulas for high signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio scenarios. The paper evaluates system performance under various fading, shadowing, and turbulence conditions. Besides, the effect of pointing error, the number of reflecting elements, and the charging time is also explored. Numerical examples and Monte Carlo simulations confirm that improving turbulence conditions and reducing shadowing enhance performance, while pointing errors degrade it. Channel impairments can be mitigated by increasing reflecting elements or charging time.

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ris辅助能量收集在混合双跳RF-FSO通信中的性能研究

本文研究了一种使用射频（RF）和自由空间光（FSO）通信技术的混合双跳传输系统。该系统包括一个能量受限的源（即发射机）、一个解码转发（DaF）中继和一个目的地。该源通过使用分时协议的可重构智能表面（RIS）从功率信标收集能量。在考虑充电时间和反射元件数量的情况下，导出了射频和无线通信链路的概率密度函数（pdf）和累积分布函数（CDFs）的封闭表达式。然后使用这些表达式计算中断概率（OP）、平均误码率（ABER）和信道容量，并为高信噪比（SNR）场景提供额外的简化公式。本文评估了系统在各种衰落、阴影和湍流条件下的性能。此外，还探讨了指向误差、反射元件数量、装药时间等因素的影响。数值算例和蒙特卡罗模拟证实，改善湍流条件和减少阴影可以提高性能，而指向误差会降低性能。可以通过增加反射元件或充电时间来减轻信道损伤。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Physical Communication ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICTELECO-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

9.10%

发文量

212

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： PHYCOM: Physical Communication is an international and archival journal providing complete coverage of all topics of interest to those involved in all aspects of physical layer communications. Theoretical research contributions presenting new techniques, concepts or analyses, applied contributions reporting on experiences and experiments, and tutorials are published. Topics of interest include but are not limited to: Physical layer issues of Wireless Local Area Networks, WiMAX, Wireless Mesh Networks, Sensor and Ad Hoc Networks, PCS Systems; Radio access protocols and algorithms for the physical layer; Spread Spectrum Communications; Channel Modeling; Detection and Estimation; Modulation and Coding; Multiplexing and Carrier Techniques; Broadband Wireless Communications; Wireless Personal Communications; Multi-user Detection; Signal Separation and Interference rejection: Multimedia Communications over Wireless; DSP Applications to Wireless Systems; Experimental and Prototype Results; Multiple Access Techniques; Space-time Processing; Synchronization Techniques; Error Control Techniques; Cryptography; Software Radios; Tracking; Resource Allocation and Inference Management; Multi-rate and Multi-carrier Communications; Cross layer Design and Optimization; Propagation and Channel Characterization; OFDM Systems; MIMO Systems; Ultra-Wideband Communications; Cognitive Radio System Architectures; Platforms and Hardware Implementations for the Support of Cognitive, Radio Systems; Cognitive Radio Resource Management and Dynamic Spectrum Sharing.