Optimization of emergency shelter layout with consideration of toxic gas leakage based on a cell transmission model

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL Safety Science Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI:10.1016/j.ssci.2025.106810

Jinghong Wang , Yuqing Liu , Qingzhao Li , Jialin Wu , Yan Wang , Juncheng Jiang

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Abstract

The layout and site selection of emergency shelters have a significant impact on the efficiency of large-scale crowd evacuation. However, during the actual evacuation process, there may be factors that affect the capacity of evacuation routes. This paper considers the problem of decreased road capacity due to toxic gas effects. By extending the Cell Transmission Model (CTM) and incorporating additional constraints, a linear programming model for emergency evacuation traffic was developed. Based on an improved CTM, this study examines the impact of different emergency shelter layouts in the Tianjin Port area. The results indicate that under the actual conditions at Tianjin Port, the evacuation efficiency differs by 22.43% between scenarios with and without the presence of toxic gases. A reasonable layout of additional shelters can improve evacuation efficiency by up to 45.33%. However, if the number of shelters is excessively increased, it could exacerbate congestion and reduce evacuation efficiency by up to 59.81% under the influence of toxic gases. The value of this study lies in its establishment of a model that can more accurately assess evacuation risks under the influence of toxic gases and inform the strategic placement of emergency shelters.

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基于小区传输模型的考虑毒气泄漏的应急避难场所布局优化

应急避难场所的布局和选址对大规模人群疏散的效率有重要影响。但在实际的疏散过程中，可能存在影响疏散路线容量的因素。本文考虑了有毒气体效应导致道路通行能力下降的问题。通过扩展小区传输模型（CTM）并加入附加约束，建立了紧急疏散交通的线性规划模型。基于改进的CTM模型，本研究考察了天津港地区不同应急避难场所布局的影响。结果表明：在天津港实际条件下，存在和不存在有毒气体情景的疏散效率相差22.43%；合理布置附加掩体，可使疏散效率提高45.33%。但是，如果避难所数量过多，在有毒气体的影响下，会加剧拥堵，使疏散效率降低59.81%。本研究的价值在于建立了一个模型，可以更准确地评估有毒气体影响下的疏散风险，并为应急避难所的战略安置提供信息。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Safety Science 管理科学-工程：工业

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

9.80%

发文量

335

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： Safety Science is multidisciplinary. Its contributors and its audience range from social scientists to engineers. The journal covers the physics and engineering of safety; its social, policy and organizational aspects; the assessment, management and communication of risks; the effectiveness of control and management techniques for safety; standardization, legislation, inspection, insurance, costing aspects, human behavior and safety and the like. Papers addressing the interfaces between technology, people and organizations are especially welcome.