Stepwise self-oscillation of a photo-oscillator via time delay

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL International Journal of Mechanical Sciences Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI:10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110046

Zhuangzhuang Zhang, Xinyan Jiang, Yunlong Qiu, Kai Li

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Abstract

Self-oscillating systems, characterized by ambient-energy-supply and self-control, can absorb energy from steady environment to sustain continuous motion, whereas traditional self-oscillations rely on inertia and require rapid response to excitations. This study introduces a time-delay mechanism to experimentally design a photo-oscillator based on liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), demonstrating stepwise self-oscillation without requiring a rapid response of the LCE to stimuli. The time delay is realized using a bistable seesaw system and is explained through the time history of the stepwise self-oscillation. Through quasi-static analysis, critical positions determined by geometric conditions are calculated, revealing the photo-oscillator alternates continuously between two stable states. Furthermore, the influence of system parameters on the critical contraction and period is investigated. Unlike many existing self-oscillating systems, the proposed photo-oscillator features a simple structure, a wide controllable oscillation period, and minimal requirements, relying only on small-area line illumination. The findings of this study hold promise for expanding design concepts applicable to soft robotics, sensors, and energy harvesters.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

12.80

自引率

17.80%

发文量

769

审稿时长

19 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Mechanical Sciences (IJMS) serves as a global platform for the publication and dissemination of original research that contributes to a deeper scientific understanding of the fundamental disciplines within mechanical, civil, and material engineering. The primary focus of IJMS is to showcase innovative and ground-breaking work that utilizes analytical and computational modeling techniques, such as Finite Element Method (FEM), Boundary Element Method (BEM), and mesh-free methods, among others. These modeling methods are applied to diverse fields including rigid-body mechanics (e.g., dynamics, vibration, stability), structural mechanics, metal forming, advanced materials (e.g., metals, composites, cellular, smart) behavior and applications, impact mechanics, strain localization, and other nonlinear effects (e.g., large deflections, plasticity, fracture). Additionally, IJMS covers the realms of fluid mechanics (both external and internal flows), tribology, thermodynamics, and materials processing. These subjects collectively form the core of the journal's content. In summary, IJMS provides a prestigious platform for researchers to present their original contributions, shedding light on analytical and computational modeling methods in various areas of mechanical engineering, as well as exploring the behavior and application of advanced materials, fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, and materials processing.

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