Unmute biodiversity risks of free trade? The EFTA–Mercosur Agreement (Swiss) case study

IF 6 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Sciences Europe Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI:10.1186/s12302-025-01063-3

Rémi Willemin, Cornelia B. Krug, Nicolas Roux, Elisabeth Bürgi Bonanomi, Marc Chesney, Benjamin Curnow, Sierra Deutsch, Maarten B. Eppinga, Johanna Jacobi, Sofia J. van Moorsel, Fanny Petibon, Leila Schuh, Gabi Sonderegger, Patrick O. Waeber, Maria J. Santos

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Abstract

Sustainability and environmental impact assessments of trade and investment agreements need to address biodiversity more effectively. To showcase this, we examined a report, commissioned by Switzerland, on potential environmental impacts and risks of the trade between Switzerland and the Mercosur under the EFTA–Mercosur Free Trade Agreement. Our analysis focuses on chemical pollution, regulatory impact, duty-free precious minerals, deforestation, and greenhouse gas emission to develop a roadmap for (re-)interpreting (muted) risks on biodiversity in light of the Global Biodiversity Framework. Our analytical approach on normative and substantive effectiveness of impact assessments encourages broader responses to impacts of economic policies on biodiversity and ecosystems.

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自由贸易的生物多样性风险？欧洲自由贸易协定-南方共同市场协定（瑞士）案例研究

贸易和投资协定的可持续性和环境影响评估需要更有效地解决生物多样性问题。为了说明这一点，我们研究了一份受瑞士委托的报告，该报告是关于瑞士与南方共同市场在欧洲自由贸易区-南方共同市场自由贸易协定下贸易的潜在环境影响和风险。我们的分析侧重于化学污染、监管影响、免税珍贵矿物、森林砍伐和温室气体排放，以便根据全球生物多样性框架制定（重新）解释（缓和）生物多样性风险的路线图。我们对影响评估的规范性和实质性有效性的分析方法鼓励更广泛地回应经济政策对生物多样性和生态系统的影响。

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来源期刊

Environmental Sciences Europe Environmental Science-Pollution

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

1.70%

发文量

110

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation. ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation. ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation. Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues. Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.