Drew A. Larson, Margaret E. Staton, Beant Kapoor, Nurul Islam-Faridi, Tetyana Zhebentyayeva, Shenghua Fan, Jozsef Stork, Austin Thomas, Alaa S. Ahmed, Elizabeth C. Stanton, Allan Houston, Scott E. Schlarbaum, Matthew W. Hahn, John E. Carlson, Albert G. Abbott, Seth DeBolt, C. Dana Nelson
{"title":"A haplotype-resolved reference genome of Quercus alba sheds light on the evolutionary history of oaks","authors":"Drew A. Larson, Margaret E. Staton, Beant Kapoor, Nurul Islam-Faridi, Tetyana Zhebentyayeva, Shenghua Fan, Jozsef Stork, Austin Thomas, Alaa S. Ahmed, Elizabeth C. Stanton, Allan Houston, Scott E. Schlarbaum, Matthew W. Hahn, John E. Carlson, Albert G. Abbott, Seth DeBolt, C. Dana Nelson","doi":"10.1111/nph.20463","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>\n \n </p>","PeriodicalId":214,"journal":{"name":"New Phytologist","volume":"246 1","pages":"331-348"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nph.20463","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"New Phytologist","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.20463","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
橡树(栎属)是世界许多地区生态系统的重要成员(Kremer &;Hipp, 2020)。在北美东部,白栎(Quercus alba)是一个关键物种,是其大部分范围内最丰富的森林树木之一(Rogers, 1990;Fralish, 2004)。除了生态和文化的重要性(Abrams, 2003;Bocsi等,20121a,b;斯金格,Morris, 2022),白橡木具有重要的经济意义,包括许多高价值的木材应用,以及作为用于陈酿蒸馏酒的铜桶的主要物种(Stringer &;莫里斯,2022;Dhungel et al., 2023)。然而,很少有研究涉及白栎的基因组多样性,目前缺乏可用的遗传和基因组资源,这对进一步了解白栎的生物学和进化历史构成了障碍。栎属(壳斗科)包括约500种,通常分为两个亚属:Cerris和Quercus (Hipp et al., 2020)。后者通常进一步分为白栎树(栎科),白栎树属于白栎树,红栎树属于白栎树,红栎树属于红栎树。橡树的系统发育一直是最近几项利用减少代表性基因组测序的研究的重点(Sork等人,2016;Hipp等人,2020;诺斯,Hipp, 2021),澄清了部分Quercus中的一些关系。然而,橡树的系统发育推断可能因该群体中杂交和渐渗的普遍存在而变得复杂(例如McVay等人,2017;Lazic等人,2021)。第一个发表的橡树基因组是栎科(Quercus robur L.)的基因组(Plomion et al., 2016a),这是一种有花序的橡树,在欧亚大陆西部很常见。迄今为止,至少有11种栎树物种拥有已发表的染色体尺度基因组,包括来自白栎枝的4个带注释的基因组(Plomion et al., 2016a;Ai等人,2022;Han et al., 2022;刘等,2022,2024;Sork et al., 2022;Zhou et al., 2022;Kapoor et al., 2023;王玲等,2023;Wang w et al., 2023)。越来越多的基因组注释允许比较分析基因内容和推断整个橡树系统发育的基因组进化。抗病相关基因(R基因)一直是橡树和其他树种基因组研究的重点,因为它们在植物对病原体的免疫中起着核心作用(Plomion等人,2018;Ai等人,2022;Sork et al., 2022)。抗性基因通过编码识别病原体相关分子并触发下游免疫反应的蛋白质,赋予对各种病毒、细菌和真核病原体的防御能力。Plomion等人(2018)认为,R基因的扩展可能至少是使树种能够存活多个世纪的部分原因。Ai et al.(2022)发现蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica Fisch.)Ledeb交货。与早期的栎(Quercus lobata n, Q. robur L.)和栎(Quercus suber L.)基因组组合相比,这些R基因家族在橡树系统发育中的进化历史仍然知之甚少。除了提供关于植物进化的基本问题的见解之外,提高对白栎进化枝基因组的理解可能有利于树木育种和遗传改良工作,并帮助土地管理者规划和应对全球变化。在其分布范围的许多地方,白杨面临着幼苗招募减少的问题(Dhungel et al., 2023),这可能对整个北美东部的生态系统功能产生影响。此外,人为气候变化正在导致人口与其历史气候之间的不匹配(Piao et al., 2019;Kijowska-Oberc et al., 2020)。常绿遗传变异的数量和种群在当地的适应程度将对白栎和其他白栎物种对全球气候变化的反应产生影响。在此,我们报道了第一个组装的阿尔巴(Q. alba)基因组,并利用这一新资源研究橡树基因组的进化。具体来说,我们要解决以下问题。白栎的遗传多样性和种群分化程度如何?以前关于橡树种间关系的系统发育假说是否得到了全基因组数据的支持?在栎树及其相关类群的历史中,基因含量和抗病基因是如何进化的?这些问题的答案将为今后研究白栎树群作为研究高度异交森林树木基因组进化和适应的模式进化枝提供路线图。
期刊介绍:
New Phytologist is an international electronic journal published 24 times a year. It is owned by the New Phytologist Foundation, a non-profit-making charitable organization dedicated to promoting plant science. The journal publishes excellent, novel, rigorous, and timely research and scholarship in plant science and its applications. The articles cover topics in five sections: Physiology & Development, Environment, Interaction, Evolution, and Transformative Plant Biotechnology. These sections encompass intracellular processes, global environmental change, and encourage cross-disciplinary approaches. The journal recognizes the use of techniques from molecular and cell biology, functional genomics, modeling, and system-based approaches in plant science. Abstracting and Indexing Information for New Phytologist includes Academic Search, AgBiotech News & Information, Agroforestry Abstracts, Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index, Botanical Pesticides, CAB Abstracts®, Environment Index, Global Health, and Plant Breeding Abstracts, and others.