An experimental and numerical study of cooling by air/water mist jet impingement at low mist loading fraction

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL International Journal of Thermal Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109788

Arjun Sikka, Dushyant Singh, Subhash Chander

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Abstract

The air/water mist jet impingement phenomenon on a flat target with constant heat flux has been studied experimentally and numerically. The effects of various operational variables on the heat transfer characteristics of the mist jet have been analyzed through an experimental study. These variables are the air Reynolds number (Re_a = 5305–10297), the mist loading percentage (f = 0 %–1.5 %), and the nozzle-to-plate spacing ratio (H/D_o = 20–40). Additionally, the computational study investigates the effects of the nozzle ratio parameter (D_i/D_o = 0.1–0.3) and droplet diameter (2 μm–100 μm) on mist jet impingement. A comparison between Eulerian-Eulerian and Eulerian-Lagrangian modeling techniques for simulating the air/water mist jet has been provided. The current computational findings based on the Eulerian-Eulerian method accord well with the experimental data, with an accuracy of 15 %; however, numerical predictions using the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach deviate significantly from the experimental results, with errors of up to 65 %. The increase in Re_a results in a greater improvement in the stagnation point Nusselt number, up to 85.32 %, compared to 34.99 % with an increase in f. Furthermore, a rise in f causes a greater spread of the mist jet flow in the domain and on the target impingement surface than an increase in Re_a. When D_i/D_o increases from 0.1 to 0.3, the stagnation point Nusselt number increases by approximately 55.67 %. In addition, the spread of the mist jet flow in the domain increases as the D_i/D_o ratio increases. Experimental correlations have been developed based on studied parameters for calculating the Nusselt number values on the flat target.

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低雾载率下空气/水雾射流冲击冷却的实验与数值研究

实验和数值研究了空气/水雾射流在恒定热流密度平面目标上的撞击现象。通过实验研究，分析了不同操作变量对喷雾射流传热特性的影响。这些变量是空气雷诺数（Rea = 5305-10297），雾负载百分比（f = 0% - 1.5%）和喷嘴与板间距比（H/Do = 20-40）。此外，计算研究了喷嘴比参数（Di/Do = 0.1 ~ 0.3）和液滴直径（2 μm ~ 100 μm）对雾射流冲击的影响。对空气/水雾射流的欧拉-欧拉和欧拉-拉格朗日模拟技术进行了比较。目前基于欧拉-欧拉方法的计算结果与实验数据吻合较好，精度为15%；然而，使用欧拉-拉格朗日方法的数值预测与实验结果偏差很大，误差高达65%。随着Rea的增加，滞止点Nusselt数的提高幅度更大，达到85.32%，而f的增加则为34.99%。此外，f的增加导致雾射流在区域和目标撞击表面上的扩散比Rea的增加更大。当Di/Do由0.1增加到0.3时，滞止点努塞尔数增加约55.67%。此外，随着Di/Do比的增大，雾射流在区域内的扩散也随之增大。根据所研究的参数，建立了计算平面目标上努塞尔数值的实验相关性。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Thermal Sciences 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

11.10%

发文量

531

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Thermal Sciences is a journal devoted to the publication of fundamental studies on the physics of transfer processes in general, with an emphasis on thermal aspects and also applied research on various processes, energy systems and the environment. Articles are published in English and French, and are subject to peer review. The fundamental subjects considered within the scope of the journal are: * Heat and relevant mass transfer at all scales (nano, micro and macro) and in all types of material (heterogeneous, composites, biological,...) and fluid flow * Forced, natural or mixed convection in reactive or non-reactive media * Single or multi–phase fluid flow with or without phase change * Near–and far–field radiative heat transfer * Combined modes of heat transfer in complex systems (for example, plasmas, biological, geological,...) * Multiscale modelling The applied research topics include: * Heat exchangers, heat pipes, cooling processes * Transport phenomena taking place in industrial processes (chemical, food and agricultural, metallurgical, space and aeronautical, automobile industries) * Nano–and micro–technology for energy, space, biosystems and devices * Heat transport analysis in advanced systems * Impact of energy–related processes on environment, and emerging energy systems The study of thermophysical properties of materials and fluids, thermal measurement techniques, inverse methods, and the developments of experimental methods are within the scope of the International Journal of Thermal Sciences which also covers the modelling, and numerical methods applied to thermal transfer.