Decoding the Gut-Brain Axis: A Journey Towards Targeted Interventions for Disorders-of-Gut-Brain Interaction.

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Digestive Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI:10.1159/000543845

Gerald Holtmann, M D Moniruzzaman, Ayesha Shah

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Abstract

Background: The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication pathway connecting the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction (DGBI) manifest as highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or Functional Dyspepsia (FD).

Summary: The initial focus of DGBI research was on the effects of psychological stress on digestive functions like gastrointestinal motility, or secretion of gastric acid and pancreatic enzymes. Concepts related to DGBI have expanded in recent decades. Activation of mucosal or systemic immune functions has been observed in DGBI, and it is established that the gastrointestinal microbiome can alter mucosal integrity and permeability, leading to proinflammatory cytokine release that affects brain function. Pharmacologic treatments (e.g., tricyclic antidepressants), and non-pharmacologic interventions (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy), are now standard for DGBI patients. Advances in culture-independent methods to study gastrointestinal microbes reveal new insights into DGBI and gut microbiota appear to play a crucial role in modulating the gut-brain axis and regulating various bodily functions.

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来源期刊

Digestive Diseases 医学-胃肠肝病学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Each issue of this journal is dedicated to a special topic of current interest, covering both clinical and basic science topics in gastrointestinal function and disorders. The contents of each issue are comprehensive and reflect the state of the art, featuring editorials, reviews, mini reviews and original papers. These individual contributions encompass a variety of disciplines including all fields of gastroenterology. ''Digestive Diseases'' bridges the communication gap between advances made in the academic setting and their application in patient care. The journal is a valuable service for clinicians, specialists and physicians-in-training.