The protective role of resveratrol on hyperoxia-induced renal injury in neonatal rat by activating the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway

Abstract

Background

Supplemental oxygen is commonly used to treat newborns with respiratory disorders. It has been explored that hyperoxia increases oxidative stress, and have the potential adverse effects on developing organs. Mitochondrial biogenesis plays a crucial role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, and resveratrol (Res) has its unique advantage in promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling mitochondrial biogenesis in hyperoxia-induced kidney injury remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect and it^'s mechanisms of Res on hyperoxia-induced kidney injury in neonatal rats.

Methods

Sprague-Dawley rats were housed in normoxia or hyperoxia (85% O₂) and randomized to receive saline, dimethyl sulfoxide, and Res administered intraperitoneally from postnatal days 1∼14(All medicine is scheduled to be given at six o'clock every afternoon). Split the rats into six groups, and on postnatal days 1, 7 and 14, kidney samples were acquired for HE staining and PAS staining to assess kidney development, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) to detect apoptosis, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting to detect the expression levels of SIRT1, PGC-1α, NRF1, NRF2 and TFAM.

Results

Hyperoxia induced tubular and glomerular injury, increased renal tissue apoptosis, decreased Silent information regulator 2-related enzyme 1(SIRT1), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α(PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1(Nrf1), Nrf2, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) protein levels in the kidney, and inhibited TFAM mRNA expression in mitochondria, diminished ND1 copy number and ND4/ND1 ratio. In contrast, Res reduced renal injury and attenuated renal tissue apoptosis in neonatal rats and increased the levels of the corresponding indexes.

Conclusions

Res protects neonatal rats from hyperoxia-induced kidney injury by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, possibly in part through activation of the SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.