Developing the Reversed TOD index for unstructured TOD: The case study of Bangkok metro

IF 3.3 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Case Studies on Transport Policy Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI:10.1016/j.cstp.2025.101366

Kitiphan Nutayakul, Waressara Weerawat

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Abstract

The Bangkok metro system has yet to be improved by TOD mainly due to limited analysis of the effects of TOD influencing factors and measuring tools. This research examined specific criteria and indicators that represent TOD barriers. The Reversed TOD Index was developed for 24 stations on Bangkok metro lines to enable TOD practitioners to quantitatively measure the existing levels of unusual TOD characteristics. This is an effective measurement to explain the actual fabric of TOD barriers affecting station performance which previous TOD measurements are unable to provide. The TOD typologies of the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) and opinions of all stakeholder groups were also integrated. The results show uncompromising interactions between TOD barriers and designated typologies. The Reversed Index shows that 40.6–55.7% of TOD barriers are impeding the TOD-ness at each station. Land price is the most concealed indicator for sensitivity analysis. However, the existing TOD barriers in urban areas can be improved against existing urban sprawl. This case study results in extensive transferability and comparisons between developing cities where similar TOD barriers are present.

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基于非结构化TOD的逆向TOD指数构建——以曼谷地铁为例

曼谷地铁系统尚未得到TOD的改善，主要是由于TOD影响因素和测量工具的分析有限。本研究考察了代表TOD障碍的具体标准和指标。针对曼谷地铁线路的24个站点开发了反向TOD指数，使TOD从业者能够定量测量现有的异常TOD特征水平。这是一种有效的测量方法，可以解释TOD屏障的实际结构对站性能的影响，而以前的TOD测量方法无法提供这种影响。曼谷都市管理局（BMA）的TOD类型和所有利益相关者群体的意见也被整合。结果表明，TOD障碍与指定类型之间存在不妥协的相互作用。逆指数表明，各站点TOD障碍的阻碍率为40.6 ~ 55.7%。土地价格是敏感性分析中最隐蔽的指标。然而，现有的TOD障碍在城市地区可以改善现有的城市蔓延。本案例研究的结果是广泛的可转移性，并在存在类似TOD障碍的发展中城市之间进行比较。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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