Intelligent soliton mode-locked laser based on multi-core fiber

Abstract

Soliton pulses, as stable optical phenomena, have been extensively studied due to their generation processes resembling the nonlinear dynamics of complex motions in matter particles. To establish a stable multidimensional platform for the spatiotemporal interaction of solitons, we propose a mode-locked laser incorporating a four-core fiber and an intelligent control system. Leveraging the multi-channel structure of the multi-core fiber, traditional solitons can propagate and interact within a multidimensional spatial domain, enabling the formation of various mode-locking configurations. Additionally, we introduce a dual-mode algorithm (DMDL) that integrates long short-term memory (LSTM) networks into the deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) over entire framework to enhance the system’s response speed and accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate that the system can switch from traditional soliton pulses to multi-octave (harmonic) soliton pulses. Furthermore, the intelligent control system facilitates joint spatiotemporal control and identification of the multidimensional soliton laser system across multiple domains, including time and frequency. These findings would be fruitful for the communities interested in nonlinear soliton dynamics, precision measurement, frequency comb lasers, and related fields.