Optics and Laser Technology最新文献

Data-driven porosity monitoring in aluminum laser welding: integration of high-speed imaging and machine learning 铝激光焊接中数据驱动的孔隙率监测：高速成像和机器学习的集成

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114545

Ahmad Aminzadeh , Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi , Narges Omidi , Noureddine Barka , Abderrazak El Ouafi

Porosity formation remains a critical challenge in laser welding of aluminum alloys (AAs), where unstable keyhole dynamics can lead to internal defects and compromise joint integrity. This study presents a data-driven framework as a foundational step toward real-time porosity monitoring in overlap laser welding of AA6061. A high-speed camera, mounted coaxially on the laser head, continuously records top-view images of the weld pool during the process. These images are analyzed to predict the presence of porosity exceeding 1.5 mm in diameter, a threshold defined by industrial quality standards. To develop and validate the predictive model, two representative 6 mm weld segments, one porous and one defect-free, were identified using post-weld X-ray imaging. Six key geometrical features of the melt pool (length, width, area, aspect ratio, eccentricity, and solidity) were extracted from the high-speed images and used as input for training a Random Forest classifier. The model achieved an accuracy of approximately 80 % in distinguishing between porous and non-porous weld regions. These results highlight the feasibility of integrating high-speed visual monitoring with machine learning for non-destructive, in-process porosity detection in laser welding applications.

在铝合金激光焊接中，气孔的形成是一个关键问题，不稳定的锁孔动力学会导致内部缺陷，损害接头的完整性。本研究提出了一个数据驱动的框架，作为AA6061激光焊接过程中孔隙率实时监测的基础步骤。高速摄像机同轴安装在激光头上，连续记录焊接过程中熔池的俯视图图像。对这些图像进行分析，以预测是否存在直径超过1.5毫米的孔隙，这是工业质量标准定义的阈值。为了开发和验证预测模型，使用焊后x射线成像识别了两个具有代表性的6mm焊接段，一个是多孔的，一个是无缺陷的。从高速图像中提取熔池的六个关键几何特征（长度、宽度、面积、纵横比、偏心率和固体度），并将其作为训练随机森林分类器的输入。该模型在区分多孔和非多孔焊缝区域方面达到了约80%的精度。这些结果强调了将高速视觉监测与机器学习集成在激光焊接应用中进行无损、过程中孔隙检测的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication of ultra-long broadband chirp tilted fiber Bragg grating for SRS suppression 用于抑制SRS的超长宽带啁啾倾斜光纤布拉格光栅的制作

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114491

Qiushi Qin, Tingyang Zhou, Xinyu Ye, Meng Wang, Hao Li, Rong Zhao, Zefeng Wang

Suppressing stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a critical challenge in high-power fiber laser. To address this, chirped and tilted fiber Bragg gratings (CTFBGs) serve as pivotal components, with their spectral bandwidth acting as the key performance metric determining their effectiveness. This study proposes a fabrication methodology combining fiber translation and angle integration to create ultra-long broadband chirped tilted fiber Bragg gratings (ULB-CTFBG). The fabricated ULB-CTFBG achieved total grating lengths of 200 mm with 3 dB bandwidths of 61.4 nm and 47.6 nm respectively, exhibiting maximum transmission peak depths exceeding 30 dB. To our knowledge, these are the largest bandwidths ever reported for CTFBG-based SRS suppression in fiber laser systems. Low-power validation using a fiber oscillator integrated with 1000 m delivery fibers demonstrated that the ULB-CTFBG SRS suppression bands fully cover the Raman spectrum with exceptional efficiency. This work establishes an innovative technical pathway for broadband CTFBG fabrication, significantly advancing their implementation in high-power laser architectures.

抑制受激拉曼散射（SRS）是高功率光纤激光器面临的关键挑战。为了解决这个问题，啁啾和倾斜光纤布拉格光栅（ctfbg）作为关键部件，其频谱带宽作为决定其有效性的关键性能指标。本文提出了一种结合光纤平移和角度集成的超长宽带啁啾倾斜光纤布拉格光栅（ULB-CTFBG）的制作方法。制备的ULB-CTFBG总光栅长度为200 mm， 3db带宽分别为61.4 nm和47.6 nm，最大传输峰深度超过30 dB。据我们所知，这是迄今为止报道的光纤激光系统中基于ctfbg的SRS抑制的最大带宽。使用集成了1000 m传输光纤的光纤振荡器进行的低功耗验证表明，ULB-CTFBG SRS抑制带完全覆盖了拉曼光谱，具有卓越的效率。这项工作建立了宽带CTFBG制造的创新技术途径，显著推进了其在高功率激光架构中的实现。

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引用次数: 0

In vivo multiparametric imaging for human oral cavity using handheld polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography and angiography 使用手持式偏振敏感光学相干断层扫描和血管造影的人口腔体内多参数成像

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114536

Hiu-Ki Lai , Chung-Yu Chang , Yen-Wen Lin , Cheng-You Yan , Wen-Chuan Kuo

Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography (PS-OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) are extensions of standard OCT that have been proposed for live oral scanning individually. PS-OCT enhances contrast for tissue birefringence and structural integrity, while OCTA enables visualization of microvascular networks. Despite their benefits, combining these techniques is uncommon due to polarization artifacts, which cause a loss of vascular signals. This study introduces a front-end disposable handheld imaging tool designed to harness the combined capabilities of PS-OCT and a modified OCTA algorithm for in vivo imaging of healthy human oral cavities. By integrating multiple image parameters—such as differential intensity, phase retardation, fast optical axis, degree of polarization uniformity, and angiography—this multiparametric imaging tool provides a comprehensive view of tissue composition and blood flow. This work focuses on imaging healthy oral tissues, with the demonstrated integration of PS-OCT and OCTA providing a promising foundation for future studies on oral health monitoring and disease assessment.

偏振敏感光学相干断层扫描（PS-OCT）和OCT血管造影（OCTA）是标准OCT的扩展，已被单独提出用于活体口腔扫描。PS-OCT增强了组织双折射和结构完整性的对比度，而OCTA可以实现微血管网络的可视化。尽管这些技术都有好处，但由于极化伪影（会导致血管信号丢失），将这些技术结合起来并不常见。本研究介绍了一种前端一次性手持成像工具，旨在利用PS-OCT和改进的OCTA算法的综合能力，对健康人类口腔进行体内成像。通过整合多个图像参数，如差强度、相位延迟、快速光轴、偏振均匀度和血管造影，这种多参数成像工具提供了组织组成和血流的全面视图。本研究的重点是口腔健康组织的成像，PS-OCT和OCTA的结合为未来口腔健康监测和疾病评估的研究提供了良好的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Structured illumination microscopy with Talbot effect through metal gratings 通过金属光栅的塔尔博特效应的结构照明显微镜

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114505

Ming Huang, Kaiwen Jiang, Zhe Shen

Enhancement of both detection depth and imaging resolution in structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is a research hotspot. In this manuscript, a method for SIM utilizing a non-paraxial Talbot field as structured illumination is proposed for the first time. The Talbot field, generated by metal gratings with periods that are non-integer or integer multiples of the incident wavelength λ, enables self-reconstructing longitudinal propagation. With the sub-wavelength spatial modulation characteristics, it enables enhanced resolution. The optical properties and imaging resolution of two distinct Talbot fields were analysed during longitudinal propagation. Analysis confirms these optical fields maintain high-intensity stability and excellent contrast within a 15 μm depth while achieving resolution beyond the diffraction limit. Among them, non-integer grating extends the optical field detection depth to 20 μm, and integer grating compresses the optical field fringe period to approach λ/2—the latter achieving 72-nm resolution, achieving a resolution 3 times better than the diffraction limit. Even being obstructed, both types of Talbot fields exhibit self-healing characteristics during propagation, enabling application in SIM. With its capability for deep-field detection, high resolution, and strong robustness, this method could represent a promising way to address key challenges in biomedical imaging.

提高结构照明显微镜（SIM）的探测深度和成像分辨率是一个研究热点。本文首次提出了一种利用非傍轴塔尔博特场作为结构照明的模拟成像方法。塔尔伯特场由金属光栅产生，其周期是非整数或入射波长λ的整数倍，可以实现自重建纵向传播。它具有亚波长空间调制特性，可以提高分辨率。分析了两种不同的塔尔博特场在纵向传播过程中的光学特性和成像分辨率。分析证实，这些光场在15 μm深度内保持高强度稳定性和出色的对比度，同时实现超出衍射极限的分辨率。其中，非整数光栅将光场探测深度扩展到20 μm，整数光栅将光场条纹周期压缩到接近λ/2，后者达到72 nm分辨率，达到比衍射极限高3倍的分辨率。即使受到阻碍，两种类型的Talbot场在传播过程中也表现出自愈特性，使其能够在SIM中应用。该方法具有深视场检测能力、高分辨率和强鲁棒性，有望成为解决生物医学成像关键挑战的一种有前途的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Research on the interfacial reaction behaviors and mechanical properties of W/ODS steel laser brazed dissimilar joints assisted by CoCrFeNiCu high entropy alloy interlayer CoCrFeNiCu高熵合金中间层辅助W/ODS钢激光钎焊异种接头界面反应行为及力学性能研究

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114502

Yu Sun , Guo Yu , Xiaoya Tang , Yanlong Fan , Hongtao Zhang , Zhengdong Chen , Zhan Li

In order to improve welding efficiency and achieve flexible manufacturing of the divertor components for tokamak devices, laser welding-brazing was employed to join W and oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel. Due to the significant differences in the physical properties between W and ODS steel as well as the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) at the interface, achieving a reliable joint presents substantial challenges. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit high-entropy and sluggish diffusion effects. To mitigate elemental reaction and diffusion at the W/ODS steel interface, a 0.8 mm thick CoCrFeNiCu HEA interlayer was introduced to assist the welding process. Then, process parameter optimization was conducted to obtain a high-performance W/CoCrFeNiCu/ODS steel joint. The final results demonstrated that, after process optimization, the reaction layer thickness at the interface was reduced from 6.9 μm to 1.4 μm with the addition of the CoCrFeNiCu HEA interlayer, and the interfacial microstructure transformed from Fe₂W-IMCs to a Fe-based solid solution. The fracture mode of the joint evolved from a single brittle fracture mechanism to the coexistence of two distinct modes: ductile–brittle mixed fracture and brittle fracture. The optimized weld joint achieved an average tensile strength of 212 MPa, representing a 41% increase compared to the direct laser welding-brazed W/ODS steel dissimilar joint without an interlayer.

为了提高焊接效率，实现托卡马克器件导流器部件的柔性制造，采用激光焊接钎焊技术将W钢与氧化物弥散强化钢（ODS）进行焊接。由于W钢和ODS钢之间物理性能的显著差异，以及在界面处脆性金属间化合物（IMCs）的形成，实现可靠的连接是一项重大挑战。高熵合金（HEAs）具有高熵和缓慢的扩散效应。为了减轻W/ODS钢界面的元素反应和扩散，引入了0.8 mm厚的CoCrFeNiCu HEA夹层来辅助焊接过程。然后对工艺参数进行优化，获得高性能W/CoCrFeNiCu/ODS钢接头。结果表明：经过工艺优化，CoCrFeNiCu HEA中间层的加入使界面反应层厚度由6.9 μm减小到1.4 μm，界面微观结构由Fe2W-IMCs转变为fe基固溶体；接头的断裂模式由单一脆性断裂机制演变为韧脆混合断裂和脆性断裂两种不同模式并存。优化后的焊缝平均抗拉强度为212 MPa，与不加中间层的W/ODS钢异种接头直接激光焊接相比，提高了41%。

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引用次数: 0

Dissipative generation and stabilization of multipartite Rydberg entanglement in a lossy cavity 损耗腔中多部Rydberg纠缠的耗散产生与稳定

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114516

Xiao-Xuan Li , Dong-Xiao Li

As one of the most remarkable features of quantum mechanics, quantum entanglement has attracted much attention. By combining the Rydberg atoms and cavity QED, we propose an efficient scheme for generating and stabilizing multipartite entanglement states, including the arbitrary Bell state, W, and DFS state with fidelity over

99 %

. The Rydberg blockade efficiently simplifies the situations of double excitations, which promises the stabilization of the target states. Taking advantage of the two-photon resonance process of Rydberg atoms, different entanglement states can be obtained only by adjusting the Rabi frequencies of the classical laser fields. The fidelity of the steady state is insensitive to the drive amplitudes and cavity decay rate. The scheme is generic and can be extended to the

N

particle case.

量子纠缠作为量子力学最显著的特征之一，受到了广泛的关注。通过结合Rydberg原子和腔QED，我们提出了一种有效的方案来产生和稳定多部纠缠态，包括任意Bell态、W态和DFS态，保真度超过99%。Rydberg封锁有效地简化了双重激励的情况，保证了目标态的稳定。利用里德伯原子的双光子共振过程，只需调整经典激光场的拉比频率即可获得不同的纠缠态。稳态保真度对驱动幅值和腔衰减率不敏感。该格式具有通用性，可推广到N粒子的情况。

引用次数: 0

Realization of solar energy absorber by Si3N4-MXene hollow triple-layer metasurface with ultra-wideband 利用超宽带Si3N4-MXene中空三层超表面实现太阳能吸收体

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114525

Xu Huang , Bo Wang , Yong He

Solar energy is an essential, sustainable energy source that significantly contributes to reducing dependence on fossil fuels and mitigating the effects of climate change. In this study, we introduce an ultra-wideband, polarization-independent solar absorber, which is constructed from a Si₃N₄-MXene triple-layer hollow array structure. The performance of the absorber was analyzed using the finite element method. Our results reveal that the absorber’s absorptance exceeds 90 % within the spectral range of 145 nm to 4079 nm, with an average absorptance of 98.49 %. The superior light absorption capability of MXene is attributed to its high virtual permittivity, while the Si₃N₄ layer effectively minimizes reflection. This unique combination of materials results in exceptional absorption performance and enhanced thermal stability within the solar spectral range. The physical mechanism for achieving high absorptance and wide bandwidth is the synergistic effect of multiple resonances. Additionally, we investigated how the absorber’s performance depends on factors such as the incident angle and structural parameters. In summary, this scheme has significant potential for applications in solar cells, thermal therapy, and solar energy harvesting systems.

太阳能是一种重要的、可持续的能源，对减少对化石燃料的依赖和减轻气候变化的影响作出了重大贡献。在这项研究中，我们介绍了一种由Si3N4-MXene三层空心阵列结构构成的超宽带、偏振无关的太阳能吸收器。采用有限元法对吸振器的性能进行了分析。结果表明，在145nm ~ 4079nm的光谱范围内，吸收剂的吸光度超过90%，平均吸光度为98.49%。MXene优越的光吸收能力归功于其高虚介电常数，而Si3N4层有效地减少了反射。这种独特的材料组合产生了卓越的吸收性能和增强的太阳光谱范围内的热稳定性。实现高吸光度和宽带宽的物理机制是多共振的协同效应。此外，我们还研究了吸收体的性能如何取决于入射角和结构参数等因素。综上所述，该方案在太阳能电池、热疗法和太阳能收集系统中具有重要的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Statistical gating for suppressing multiple scattering in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography 偏振敏感光学相干层析成像中抑制多重散射的统计门控

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114471

Danlei Qiao , Xiupin Wu , Yang Liu , Kun Shang , Shijun Guo , Hui Yang , Chuanqing Zhou

Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) provides valuable contrast for probing tissue anisotropy, but its efficacy in highly scattering biological media is fundamentally limited by multiply scattered photons, which degrade image quality and obscure polarization-specific signatures. To overcome this limitation, we developed a novel statistical gating technique based on random matrix theory (RMT) that separates the ballistic signal from multiple scattering in the frequency (

k

-space) domain by exploiting their distinct decorrelation times. Through a temporal window compatible with this decorrelation disparity, a spatiotemporal covariance matrix is constructed, modeling light propagation as a Wishart random matrix perturbed by a low-rank component representing ballistic signal. Within this framework, we employ the Baik–Ben Arous–Péché (BBP) phase (status) transition system to statistically separate the ballistic signal. Numerical simulations validate the theoretical model and demonstrate effective isolation of the ballistic component. The proposed method significantly improves image quality, achieving contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) enhancements of approximately

85 %

and

70 %

in ex vivo chicken breast and in vivo human nail samples, respectively. In addition, it enables high-contrast Mueller matrix reconstruction and precise quantification of tissue anisotropy, which is demonstrated in melanoma lesions by a

24 %

CNR improvement in birefringence maps and a 3.3 dB SNR gain in depolarization mapping, respectively. Experimental validation across various ex vivo and in vivo specimens confirms that our RMT-based gating method offers a robust and generalizable strategy for high-contrast, quantitative PS-OCT imaging.

偏振敏感光学相干断层扫描（PS-OCT）为探测组织各向异性提供了有价值的对比，但其在高散射生物介质中的效果从根本上受到多重散射光子的限制，这会降低图像质量并模糊偏振特异性特征。为了克服这一限制，我们开发了一种基于随机矩阵理论（RMT）的新型统计门控技术，该技术通过利用频率（k空间）域的多重散射来分离弹道信号。通过与该去相关视差兼容的时间窗口，构建了一个时空协方差矩阵，将光传播建模为由代表弹道信号的低秩分量扰动的Wishart随机矩阵。在此框架内，我们采用了Baik-Ben吵醒- pchache （BBP）相位（状态）转换系统来统计分离弹道信号。数值模拟验证了理论模型，并证明了弹道组件的有效隔离。该方法显著提高了图像质量，在离体鸡胸肉和人指甲样本中分别实现了约85%和70%的对比度-噪声比（CNR）增强。此外，它还可以实现高对比度Mueller矩阵重建和组织各向异性的精确量化，在黑色素瘤病变中，双折射图的CNR分别提高了24%，去极化图的SNR分别提高了3.3 dB。各种离体和体内标本的实验验证证实，我们基于rmt的门控方法为高对比度，定量PS-OCT成像提供了一种强大且通用的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Surface-activated bonded Cr:ZnS-on-sapphire: Towards active integrated photonic platform for the mid-infrared 蓝宝石表面活化键合Cr: zns：面向中红外主动集成光子平台

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114504

Xiyue Zhang , Junguo Xu , Yiguang Jiang , Benxue Jiang , Jintai Fan , Yuchen Wang , Jun Wang , Long Zhang

Mid-infrared (MIR) photonic integration is pivotal for applications including molecular fingerprinting and remote sensing. We report Cr:ZnS-Al₂O₃-sapphire heterostructures fabricated via surface-activated bonding. Through the introduction of atomic-level surface activation and the deposition of an Al₂O₃ buffer layer, the stress caused by lattice mismatch is effectively alleviated while the diffusion of constituent elements is extremely low, maintaining high optical quality of the heterogeneous structure. The heterostructure achieves a continuous-wave output power of 2.34 W, a 77 % enhancement over pristine Cr:ZnS. Thermo-optical simulations show a 12 K temperature reduction under an incident pump power of 6 W. Leveraging the intrinsic negative group delay dispersion of sapphire and chirped mirrors, the net intra-cavity dispersion is reduced to −117 fs², enabling direct Kerr-lens mode-locking and generating sub-100 fs pulses at 2362 nm with the average output power of 550 mW. This approach offers a novel composite structure that can be used as integrated photonic platform with on-chip gain for the MIR.

中红外（MIR）光子集成是分子指纹和遥感等应用的关键。本文报道了通过表面活化键合制备Cr: zns - al2o3 -蓝宝石异质结构。通过引入原子级表面活化和沉积Al2O3缓冲层，有效地缓解了晶格失配引起的应力，同时组成元素的扩散极低，保持了非均相结构的高光学质量。异质结构实现了2.34 W的连续波输出功率，比原始Cr:ZnS提高了77%。热光学模拟表明，在入射泵浦功率为6 W的情况下，温度降低了12 K。利用蓝宝石和啁啾反射镜的固有负群延迟色散，腔内净色散降低到- 117 fs2，实现克尔透镜直接锁模，并在2362 nm产生低于100 fs的脉冲，平均输出功率为550 mW。这种方法提供了一种新颖的复合结构，可以作为集成光子平台的片上增益的MIR。

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引用次数: 0

Tunable nonlinear sideband generation and light switching in exciton-optomechanics 激子光力学中可调谐非线性边带的产生和光开关

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS

Optics and Laser Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114412

Abdul Wahab, Muqaddar Abbas

Exciton optomechanics, which integrates cavity exciton polaritons with optomechanical systems, provides unique insights into light–matter interactions through the complex nonlinear couplings between photons, phonons, and excitons. In this study, we theoretically investigate tunable nonlinear sideband generation and light switching in an exciton-optomechanical system, consisting of a semiconductor microcavity with two embedded quantum wells (QWs). These QWs host two distinct exciton modes that couple to both the optical cavity mode via beam-splitter interactions and to a mechanical vibration mode through a nonlinear deformation potential. Using a perturbative approach to solve the Heisenberg-Langevin equations, we develop an analytical framework for the optical transmission rate and second-order sideband generation (SSG) efficiency. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that, by finely adjusting the coupling strengths between excitons, photons, and phonons, an absorption dip can be converted into one or two transmission peaks with significant signal amplification. Moreover, we show that the SSG efficiency can be dynamically controlled by tuning key parameters, such as detuning, decay rates, pump power, and control field strength. Additionally, we observe a tunable transition between slow/fast light at the output field, enabling the realization of a controllable light switch. This exciton optomechanical system thus offers a versatile platform for transmission amplification and fast-slow light switching, opening up new possibilities for multifunctional photonic devices, with applications in integrated photonic circuits, information storage, and quantum communication.

激子光力学将腔激子极化与光力学系统相结合，通过光子、声子和激子之间复杂的非线性耦合，为光-物质相互作用提供了独特的见解。在这项研究中，我们从理论上研究了由两个嵌入量子阱（qw）的半导体微腔组成的激子-光力学系统中可调谐非线性边带的产生和光开关。这些量子阱拥有两种不同的激子模式，它们通过分束器相互作用耦合到光学腔模式，并通过非线性变形势耦合到机械振动模式。利用微扰方法求解海森堡-朗格万方程，我们建立了光传输速率和二阶边带产生（SSG）效率的分析框架。我们的数值模拟表明，通过精细调节激子、光子和声子之间的耦合强度，吸收dip可以转换为一个或两个传输峰，并具有显著的信号放大。此外，我们还表明，通过调谐关键参数，如失谐、衰减率、泵浦功率和控制场强，可以动态控制SSG效率。此外，我们在输出场观察到慢光/快光之间的可调谐转换，从而实现了可控的光开关。因此，这种激子光力学系统为传输放大和快慢光开关提供了一个多功能平台，为多功能光子器件在集成光子电路、信息存储和量子通信中的应用开辟了新的可能性。

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引用次数: 0