{"title":"The Effect of Stress Ball Utilization on Dyspnea Severity and Anxiety Level in Patients Receiving Nebulizer Therapy: Randomized Controlled Study","authors":"Yasemin Ceyhan, Sevil Güler, Seda Şahan","doi":"10.1155/ijcp/9770027","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n <p><b>Aim:</b> The study primarily aimed at examining the effect of stress ball utilization on dyspnea and anxiety during nebulizer therapy. The secondary aim was to determine the effect of stress ball utilization on the duration of therapy and vital signs.</p>\n <p><b>Methods:</b> The study has a randomized controlled experimental design. The study population consisted of inpatients receiving nebulizer therapy. A total of 80 patients, 40 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group, were included in the sample. The study was conducted between October 2023 and March 2024. Patients in the intervention group were asked to use a stress ball during nebulizer therapy. Data were collected using a Patient Information Form, the Visual Analog Scale, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, paired test, and one sample <i>t</i>-test were used in data analysis.</p>\n <p><b>Results:</b> The mean age of the patients was 65 years and over and 78% of them had COPD. Stress ball utilization caused a significant effect on the severity of dyspnea (intervention: <i>t</i> = 2.862, <i>p</i> < 0.001; control: <i>t</i> = 2.755, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and anxiety levels (intervention: <i>t</i> = 4.647, <i>p</i> < 0.001; control: <i>t</i> = 6.597, <i>p</i> < 0.001) in intragroup comparisons. In intergroup comparisons, a significant difference (<i>t</i><sup><i>ı</i></sup> = 4.455, <i>p</i> < 0.001) was obtained in anxiety level with a high effect (<i>d</i> = 0.70). In addition, the durations of nebulizer (minutes) administration were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) longer in the intervention group (19.10 ± 11.95) than in the control group (13.16 ± 3.02). Stress ball utilization did not affect vital signs and saturation values (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p>\n <p><b>Conclusions:</b> Utilization of a stress ball during nebulizer therapy has a positive effect on reducing anxiety levels and prolonging the duration of nebulizer use.</p>\n <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06297356</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":13782,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Practice","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijcp/9770027","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Clinical Practice","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1155/ijcp/9770027","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Aim: The study primarily aimed at examining the effect of stress ball utilization on dyspnea and anxiety during nebulizer therapy. The secondary aim was to determine the effect of stress ball utilization on the duration of therapy and vital signs.
Methods: The study has a randomized controlled experimental design. The study population consisted of inpatients receiving nebulizer therapy. A total of 80 patients, 40 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group, were included in the sample. The study was conducted between October 2023 and March 2024. Patients in the intervention group were asked to use a stress ball during nebulizer therapy. Data were collected using a Patient Information Form, the Visual Analog Scale, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, paired test, and one sample t-test were used in data analysis.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 65 years and over and 78% of them had COPD. Stress ball utilization caused a significant effect on the severity of dyspnea (intervention: t = 2.862, p < 0.001; control: t = 2.755, p < 0.001) and anxiety levels (intervention: t = 4.647, p < 0.001; control: t = 6.597, p < 0.001) in intragroup comparisons. In intergroup comparisons, a significant difference (tı = 4.455, p < 0.001) was obtained in anxiety level with a high effect (d = 0.70). In addition, the durations of nebulizer (minutes) administration were significantly (p < 0.001) longer in the intervention group (19.10 ± 11.95) than in the control group (13.16 ± 3.02). Stress ball utilization did not affect vital signs and saturation values (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Utilization of a stress ball during nebulizer therapy has a positive effect on reducing anxiety levels and prolonging the duration of nebulizer use.
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