Gift economy as an alternative to achieve sustainable development: The case of Earthen Routes

Abstract

While industrialization and commercialization have driven economic growth, the current system calls for integrating alternative economies with capitalism. This study explores the significance of the gift economy and its hybridization with capitalist frameworks to foster societies driven by reciprocity, community development, and social impact. Using qualitative, primary, and secondary data methods, the study analyzes Earthen Routes Community Farm, an urban farm and social project located in Navi Mumbai, India. Findings show that Earthen Routes exemplifies a gift economy with non-monetary transactions, intangible rewards, and community interdependence. It aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and 13 (Climate Action). It operates on Permaculture principles (Earth-Care, People-Care, Fair-Share) to create social impact rather than profit. The challenges of limited funds and irregular volunteers show that gift economies cannot work in isolation. Rather, their integration with capitalism, a strong vision, and structure can promote reciprocity, empower communities, and foster sustainable societies.