Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105581
Mari Jaakonaho , Zinette Bergman
Contemporary debates suggest that market liberalisation has led to an unfavourable urban planning environment that impedes the ability of public authorities to pursue the common good. To study the significance and potential impact of this, our central line of inquiry was to examine how the common good is manifested within statutory plans in Vantaa, Finland, between 2015 and 2019. Using a mixed methods framework coupled with a refined typology of planning approaches, our findings demonstrate that the common good is orchestrated through three development agendas: public, private and common. In doing so, this study provides insights into the scholarly discourse surrounding the impact of market liberalisation on planning and highlights the importance of developing comprehensive strategies to promote the common good in urban planning.
{"title":"Development agendas governing the common good – Unfolding planning approaches: A case study of Vantaa, Finland","authors":"Mari Jaakonaho , Zinette Bergman","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105581","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105581","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contemporary debates suggest that market liberalisation has led to an unfavourable urban planning environment that impedes the ability of public authorities to pursue the common good. To study the significance and potential impact of this, our central line of inquiry was to examine how the common good is manifested within statutory plans in Vantaa, Finland, between 2015 and 2019. Using a mixed methods framework coupled with a refined typology of planning approaches, our findings demonstrate that the common good is orchestrated through three development agendas: public, private and common. In doing so, this study provides insights into the scholarly discourse surrounding the impact of market liberalisation on planning and highlights the importance of developing comprehensive strategies to promote the common good in urban planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105581"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105584
Yonglong Cai , Di Yan , Wenhui Li , Song Liu
Current research tends to concentrate on total financial expenditure, rather than analyzing specific expenditures such as financial expenditure on science and technology (FEST). FEST become an important component of financial expenditure and is still under researched, which little is known about the key factors that have shaped the geographies of FEST at the city level. In this paper, we portray the spatial dynamics of FEST in Chinese cities, and examine the ways in which it is intertwined with institutional, political and economic factors. Our analysis shows that the national FEST scale has experienced a substantial rise in light of the Chinese government's emphasis on science and technology. Local governments spend more FEST scale than central government, but the spatial dynamic of local FEST are geographically uneven. Cities in underdeveloped and developed areas are also continuously increasing the FEST scale. Compared with prefecture-level cities, higher administrative cities spent more financial funds on science and technology. The spatial variation of FEST could be partly explained by two institutional factors: Financial capacity and government competition. Financial capacity is a key factor explaining the uneven spatial dynamics of FEST. Local governments with sufficient financial funds are more inclined to increase the FEST. Government competition will further inspire local governments to increase more FEST scale. Regression results confirm that financial capacity and government competition are both important to explain the geographies of FEST, and the effects of financial capacity and government competition on FEST exhibits time heterogeneity. We argue that ruinous government competition bids fair to become a quagmire of excessive FEST, which may run counter to the goal of demanding strictly controlling excessive financial investment in competitive fields proposed by the State Council.
{"title":"The spatial dynamics of financial expenditure on science and technology in Chinese cities: Financial capacity and government competition","authors":"Yonglong Cai , Di Yan , Wenhui Li , Song Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current research tends to concentrate on total financial expenditure, rather than analyzing specific expenditures such as financial expenditure on science and technology (FEST). FEST become an important component of financial expenditure and is still under researched, which little is known about the key factors that have shaped the geographies of FEST at the city level. In this paper, we portray the spatial dynamics of FEST in Chinese cities, and examine the ways in which it is intertwined with institutional, political and economic factors. Our analysis shows that the national FEST scale has experienced a substantial rise in light of the Chinese government's emphasis on science and technology. Local governments spend more FEST scale than central government, but the spatial dynamic of local FEST are geographically uneven. Cities in underdeveloped and developed areas are also continuously increasing the FEST scale. Compared with prefecture-level cities, higher administrative cities spent more financial funds on science and technology. The spatial variation of FEST could be partly explained by two institutional factors: Financial capacity and government competition. Financial capacity is a key factor explaining the uneven spatial dynamics of FEST. Local governments with sufficient financial funds are more inclined to increase the FEST. Government competition will further inspire local governments to increase more FEST scale. Regression results confirm that financial capacity and government competition are both important to explain the geographies of FEST, and the effects of financial capacity and government competition on FEST exhibits time heterogeneity. We argue that ruinous government competition bids fair to become a quagmire of excessive FEST, which may run counter to the goal of demanding strictly controlling excessive financial investment in competitive fields proposed by the State Council.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105584"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105585
Muxin Liu , Hailin Lan , Xi Liang , Jiaqi Chen , Yi Wu
Given the substantial economic and environmental challenges faced by global cities, enhancing carbon emission efficiency at the city level is critical for achieving urban carbon neutrality. In this context, strategic emerging enterprises play a dual role, not only driving economic expansion but also acting as catalysts for environmental sustainability. By analyzing time series data from 2013 to 2022, covering 1805 listed companies in 30 provinces and 293 cities across China, this study explores the relationship between the growth of strategic emerging enterprises and carbon emission efficiency at both the city and regional levels. The findings show a positive spatial correlation between the expansion of these enterprises and increased carbon emission efficiency, with clear spillover effects across neighboring regions. Specifically, 1 % increase in carbon emission efficiency in one city or province leads to corresponding increases of 0.168 % and 0.187 % in surrounding areas. Furthermore, the results reveal a “U-shaped” nonlinear relationship between strategic emerging enterprise growth and carbon emission efficiency, where efficiency initially declines before improving. These results underscore the critical importance of balancing economic expansion with decarbonization objectives at the city level, offering valuable insights for shaping city-focused carbon reduction strategies across sub-national regions.
{"title":"Strategic emerging enterprises drive city-level carbon emission efficiency in China","authors":"Muxin Liu , Hailin Lan , Xi Liang , Jiaqi Chen , Yi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the substantial economic and environmental challenges faced by global cities, enhancing carbon emission efficiency at the city level is critical for achieving urban carbon neutrality. In this context, strategic emerging enterprises play a dual role, not only driving economic expansion but also acting as catalysts for environmental sustainability. By analyzing time series data from 2013 to 2022, covering 1805 listed companies in 30 provinces and 293 cities across China, this study explores the relationship between the growth of strategic emerging enterprises and carbon emission efficiency at both the city and regional levels. The findings show a positive spatial correlation between the expansion of these enterprises and increased carbon emission efficiency, with clear spillover effects across neighboring regions. Specifically, 1 % increase in carbon emission efficiency in one city or province leads to corresponding increases of 0.168 % and 0.187 % in surrounding areas. Furthermore, the results reveal a “U-shaped” nonlinear relationship between strategic emerging enterprise growth and carbon emission efficiency, where efficiency initially declines before improving. These results underscore the critical importance of balancing economic expansion with decarbonization objectives at the city level, offering valuable insights for shaping city-focused carbon reduction strategies across sub-national regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105585"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105551
Luiza Sobhie Muñoz, Denise Helena Silva Duarte
Cities are currently facing climate change. While the greenhouse gases emissions are its main driver on the global scale, on the local one this role is mainly played by the suppression of vegetation to make way to impervious surfaces. Thus, green infrastructure must be part of urban planning policies and processes as a planning tool and a key element to make the increase of the vegetation within the urban fabric viable. However, this task is harder when consolidated areas, where there is a lack of space to add greening, are in focus. Thus, this work aimed to develop a comprehensive review worldwide, including either scientific and grey literature, systematizing urban planning instruments that provide strategies to increase the vegetation in consolidated and public urban spaces. A search carried out in scientific bases and on the cities' official websites resulted in a sample of 126 strategies distributed in 73 documents, 22 countries and 46 cities. These strategies were systematized according to their focus: on street redesign (SR), idle spaces (IS), depaving (DP) and enabling public access in private areas (PP). This systematization brings evidence that the vegetation increase throughout the consolidated urban fabric is a great challenge, but definitely feasible.
{"title":"Green infrastructure as a planning tool: A comprehensive systematization of urban redesign strategies to increase vegetation within public places","authors":"Luiza Sobhie Muñoz, Denise Helena Silva Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cities are currently facing climate change. While the greenhouse gases emissions are its main driver on the global scale, on the local one this role is mainly played by the suppression of vegetation to make way to impervious surfaces. Thus, green infrastructure must be part of urban planning policies and processes as a planning tool and a key element to make the increase of the vegetation within the urban fabric viable. However, this task is harder when consolidated areas, where there is a lack of space to add greening, are in focus. Thus, this work aimed to develop a comprehensive review worldwide, including either scientific and grey literature, systematizing urban planning instruments that provide strategies to increase the vegetation in consolidated and public urban spaces. A search carried out in scientific bases and on the cities' official websites resulted in a sample of 126 strategies distributed in 73 documents, 22 countries and 46 cities. These strategies were systematized according to their focus: on street redesign (SR), idle spaces (IS), depaving (DP) and enabling public access in private areas (PP). This systematization brings evidence that the vegetation increase throughout the consolidated urban fabric is a great challenge, but definitely feasible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105551"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105574
Duncan A. Smith
Although London's high-density compact city planning has largely delivered sustainable development in the urban core, the wider regional challenge is that housing targets have been consistently missed for the last decade, and the lack of supply is exacerbating the housing affordability crisis. Releasing Green Belt land has been cited as a solution. This paper analyses new build development in the London region from 2011 to 2022, and confirms that Green Belt policy needs reform – local authorities in the Green Belt have the lowest housing delivery in the region, and car dependent ‘leap-frog’ development is occurring beyond the Green Belt boundary. The relaxation of Green Belt restrictions could greatly boost development, but would also risk producing car dependent housing. This research produces a new Travel Sustainability Index using census travel behaviour data, and analyses the travel patterns of residents in new build housing over the last decade. The conclusions are that more sustainable Green Belt development can be achieved by prioritising development in Outer London and through extending existing towns and cities in the Greater South East. Achieving this outcome will require improved regional planning coordination and infrastructure investment.
{"title":"Travel sustainability of new build housing in the London region: Can London's Green Belt be developed sustainably?","authors":"Duncan A. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although London's high-density compact city planning has largely delivered sustainable development in the urban core, the wider regional challenge is that housing targets have been consistently missed for the last decade, and the lack of supply is exacerbating the housing affordability crisis. Releasing Green Belt land has been cited as a solution. This paper analyses new build development in the London region from 2011 to 2022, and confirms that Green Belt policy needs reform – local authorities in the Green Belt have the lowest housing delivery in the region, and car dependent ‘leap-frog’ development is occurring beyond the Green Belt boundary. The relaxation of Green Belt restrictions could greatly boost development, but would also risk producing car dependent housing. This research produces a new Travel Sustainability Index using census travel behaviour data, and analyses the travel patterns of residents in new build housing over the last decade. The conclusions are that more sustainable Green Belt development can be achieved by prioritising development in Outer London and through extending existing towns and cities in the Greater South East. Achieving this outcome will require improved regional planning coordination and infrastructure investment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105574"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105537
Xuan He, Sylvia Y. He
While a walkable environment promotes older adults' walking, few studies have incorporated big and small data to examine the relationship between walkability and older adults' walking behaviors. Using Shenzhen in China as the study area, this study explores walkability's effects on senior walking behaviors by integrating big and small data. The walkability framework is developed regarding four pedestrian needs: safety, convenience, continuity, and attractiveness. The walkability elements are extracted from street view images and diverse open data sources. We quantify the importance of walkability elements from 459 questionnaires across the city as weights to calculate elderly walkability scores. More than 27 million senior walking trips were identified from 6 months of mobile phone data in 2021. We used a geographically weighted Poisson regression model to examine the spatial effects of walkability on senior walking trips. The results show that the most important pedestrian need for seniors is safety, followed in order by attractiveness, convenience, and continuity. Areas with high elderly walkability scores are largely in urban areas and suburban subcenters. Walkability exerts a strong positive role on senior walking trips in the inner suburbs. Based on the findings, we tailor intervention strategies to foster age-friendly walking environments.
{"title":"Decoding the spatial effects of walkability on walking behavior among older adults by integrating big data and small data","authors":"Xuan He, Sylvia Y. He","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While a walkable environment promotes older adults' walking, few studies have incorporated big and small data to examine the relationship between walkability and older adults' walking behaviors. Using Shenzhen in China as the study area, this study explores walkability's effects on senior walking behaviors by integrating big and small data. The walkability framework is developed regarding four pedestrian needs: safety, convenience, continuity, and attractiveness. The walkability elements are extracted from street view images and diverse open data sources. We quantify the importance of walkability elements from 459 questionnaires across the city as weights to calculate elderly walkability scores. More than 27 million senior walking trips were identified from 6 months of mobile phone data in 2021. We used a geographically weighted Poisson regression model to examine the spatial effects of walkability on senior walking trips. The results show that the most important pedestrian need for seniors is safety, followed in order by attractiveness, convenience, and continuity. Areas with high elderly walkability scores are largely in urban areas and suburban subcenters. Walkability exerts a strong positive role on senior walking trips in the inner suburbs. Based on the findings, we tailor intervention strategies to foster age-friendly walking environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105537"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105583
Fangqu Niu, Bingcheng Xuan
The scientific prediction of urban commuting traffic demands can support rational urban planning for population distribution, enterprise placement, and the coordination of land use and transportation. This study develops an Urban Commuting Model (UCM) that integrates both spatial and temporal aspects: Spatially, changes in employment or population distribution lead to changes in commuting patterns; Temporally, the commuting patterns of the previous year form the basis for the patterns of the following year. The UCM, based on historical commuting matrix, simulates urban traffic demands under various scenarios of urban residential population and employment planning. In a case study, the proposed model was used to simulate urban traffic demands in Beijing under the construction scenario of the city's sub-center in Tongzhou. The case study demonstrates that the UCM can effectively predict urban traffic demands under different land use and transportation scenarios, providing informative policy implications at an early planning stage. This study offers a novel approach for simulating urban traffic demands and is a valuable addition to the existing literature.
{"title":"A novel approach to modeling urban commuting traffic demands","authors":"Fangqu Niu, Bingcheng Xuan","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The scientific prediction of urban commuting traffic demands can support rational urban planning for population distribution, enterprise placement, and the coordination of land use and transportation. This study develops an Urban Commuting Model (UCM) that integrates both spatial and temporal aspects: Spatially, changes in employment or population distribution lead to changes in commuting patterns; Temporally, the commuting patterns of the previous year form the basis for the patterns of the following year. The UCM, based on historical commuting matrix, simulates urban traffic demands under various scenarios of urban residential population and employment planning. In a case study, the proposed model was used to simulate urban traffic demands in Beijing under the construction scenario of the city's sub-center in Tongzhou. The case study demonstrates that the UCM can effectively predict urban traffic demands under different land use and transportation scenarios, providing informative policy implications at an early planning stage. This study offers a novel approach for simulating urban traffic demands and is a valuable addition to the existing literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105583"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105580
Tayech Lemma , Mala Sharma
The informal sector serves as a vital source of employment for women, contributing to poverty reduction and household income. However, women in the informal sector often encounter numerous barriers that limit their socio-economic advancement. Hence, this study explores how participation in informal businesses affect women's socioeconomic status, in case of Hossana City, Ethiopia. A purposive and convenient sampling technique was used to select a sample of kebeles and respondents. The descriptive analysis results indicate that majority of women reported improvements in their socioeconomic status since engaging in informal business. The logistic regression results indicate that age, work experience, income, savings, access to capital and credit, market access, and migration are a key factors influencing s socioeconomic advancement. The study underscores the importance of supportive policies and resources to economically empower women in the informal sector, pointing out the need for targeted interventions to tackle gender-specific barriers and promote sustainable development.
{"title":"Socioeconomic advancement of women in the informal sector in Hosanna City, Ethiopia","authors":"Tayech Lemma , Mala Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The informal sector serves as a vital source of employment for women, contributing to poverty reduction and household income. However, women in the informal sector often encounter numerous barriers that limit their socio-economic advancement. Hence, this study explores how participation in informal businesses affect women's socioeconomic status, in case of Hossana City, Ethiopia. A purposive and convenient sampling technique was used to select a sample of kebeles and respondents. The descriptive analysis results indicate that majority of women reported improvements in their socioeconomic status since engaging in informal business. The logistic regression results indicate that age, work experience, income, savings, access to capital and credit, market access, and migration are a key factors influencing s socioeconomic advancement. The study underscores the importance of supportive policies and resources to economically empower women in the informal sector, pointing out the need for targeted interventions to tackle gender-specific barriers and promote sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105580"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105575
Slavomíra Ferenčuhová , Marie Sýkora Horňáková , Jana Kočková , Petra Špačková
This paper examines how the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped everyday life within five large housing estates (LHEs) in three major Czech cities: Prague, Brno and Ostrava. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 72 residents, the research explores the dynamics of coping with confinement within the limited space of apartments and their surrounding neighbourhoods. The findings highlight the shifts in the everyday routines of several residents of five LHEs and changes in how they perceived and evaluated their LHEs as a place of residence. Namely, the paper focuses on (temporary) changes in residents' uses and interpretations of public and private spaces and on the shifting boundary between the two. Moreover, it discusses the dynamic perception of “home” as shaped by external events. The paper thus contributes to two ongoing academic debates about, first, the impacts of the pandemic on various urban environments around the world and their residents, and second, the quality of life in the often-criticized 20th century modernist mass housing estates and their resilience in the face of current global challenges. It highlights the role of green areas, the flexible use of public spaces and the availability of local services in modernist mass housing areas – in post-socialist cities and beyond.
{"title":"Public, private and the pandemic: Everyday life in large housing estates during the COVID-19 lockdowns","authors":"Slavomíra Ferenčuhová , Marie Sýkora Horňáková , Jana Kočková , Petra Špačková","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped everyday life within five large housing estates (LHEs) in three major Czech cities: Prague, Brno and Ostrava. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 72 residents, the research explores the dynamics of coping with confinement within the limited space of apartments and their surrounding neighbourhoods. The findings highlight the shifts in the everyday routines of several residents of five LHEs and changes in how they perceived and evaluated their LHEs as a place of residence. Namely, the paper focuses on (temporary) changes in residents' uses and interpretations of public and private spaces and on the shifting boundary between the two. Moreover, it discusses the dynamic perception of “home” as shaped by external events. The paper thus contributes to two ongoing academic debates about, first, the impacts of the pandemic on various urban environments around the world and their residents, and second, the quality of life in the often-criticized 20th century modernist mass housing estates and their resilience in the face of current global challenges. It highlights the role of green areas, the flexible use of public spaces and the availability of local services in modernist mass housing areas – in post-socialist cities and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105575"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105582
Sorina Voiculescu
This article examines the spatial, social, economic, and civic dimensions of poverty in a post-communist Romanian city, focusing on the Kunz, an informal neighborhood in Timișoara. In Romanian, areas marked by concentrated poverty are pejoratively referred to as mahala, and internationally as, akin to the pejorative word, ‘slums’. This study sheds light on spatially concentrated poverty in post-communist cities through the lens of urban planning, citizenship, and environmental justice. Drawing on multiple research methods, the research reveals how environmental injustice is perpetuated by the lack of inclusive urban planning strategies, exacerbating existing poverty due to a continuous influx of impoverished populations from various regions. Exploiting legal uncertainties, these newcomers built homes without property deeds, subdividing older land plots. The strong socio-economic cohesion, basic urban infrastructure arrangements, temporary identity cards, and strong family ties within the community mitigate the fear of eviction from substandard housing. Economic crises generate a certain sense of security in the face of eviction as residents in these impoverished areas interpret crises as opportunities for safety. This sentiment prevails as substantial public investments are often delayed, reducing the likelihood of demolition and mass evictions, leaving the population nowhere else to turn.
{"title":"Kunz and post-communist geographies of urban poverty in Romania","authors":"Sorina Voiculescu","doi":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cities.2024.105582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines the spatial, social, economic, and civic dimensions of poverty in a post-communist Romanian city, focusing on the Kunz, an informal neighborhood in Timișoara. In Romanian, areas marked by concentrated poverty are pejoratively referred to as <em>mahala</em>, and internationally as, akin to the pejorative word, ‘slums’. This study sheds light on spatially concentrated poverty in post-communist cities through the lens of urban planning, citizenship, and environmental justice. Drawing on multiple research methods, the research reveals how environmental injustice is perpetuated by the lack of inclusive urban planning strategies, exacerbating existing poverty due to a continuous influx of impoverished populations from various regions. Exploiting legal uncertainties, these newcomers built homes without property deeds, subdividing older land plots. The strong socio-economic cohesion, basic urban infrastructure arrangements, temporary identity cards, and strong family ties within the community mitigate the fear of eviction from substandard housing. Economic crises generate a certain sense of security in the face of eviction as residents in these impoverished areas interpret crises as opportunities for safety. This sentiment prevails as substantial public investments are often delayed, reducing the likelihood of demolition and mass evictions, leaving the population nowhere else to turn.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48405,"journal":{"name":"Cities","volume":"156 ","pages":"Article 105582"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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