Deploying nucleic acids-loaded plant-derived exosomes as green nano gadget in cancer gene therapy

IF 4.7 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Materials Advances Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI:10.1039/D4MA01189A

Marola Paula Fawzy, Hatem A. F. M. Hassan, Muhammad Umair Amin, Eduard Preis, Udo Bakowsky and Sherif Ashraf Fahmy

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Abstract

The pursuit of effective drug delivery systems is critical in advancing cancer therapies, particularly in the realms of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. This review focuses on plant-based extracellular vesicles (PBEs) as innovative nanoplatforms for encapsulating and delivering genetic materials, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We explore the unique properties of PBEs that enhance the stability and bioavailability of these therapeutic molecules, particularly their resistance to degradation by ribonucleases (RNases) and their ability to withstand gastrointestinal digestion. By improving the stability and facilitating cellular uptake of these genetic particles, PBEs offer a significant enhancement of their therapeutic efficacy through nuclear gene modulation. This review highlights the transformative potential of PBEs in developing novel drug delivery systems for cancer treatment, paving the way for future research and clinical advancements in RNA-based therapies and beyond.

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利用装载核酸的植物源外泌体作为绿色纳米工具用于癌症基因治疗

寻求有效的药物输送系统对于推进癌症治疗至关重要，特别是在化疗、放疗和免疫治疗领域。本文综述了基于植物的细胞外囊泡（PBEs）作为封装和传递遗传物质的创新纳米平台，包括微rna （miRNAs）、小干扰rna （sirna）和线粒体DNA （mtDNA）。我们探索了PBEs的独特特性，这些特性增强了这些治疗分子的稳定性和生物利用度，特别是它们对核糖核酸酶（rnase）降解的抵抗力以及它们耐受胃肠道消化的能力。通过提高这些遗传颗粒的稳定性和促进细胞摄取，PBEs通过核基因调节显著增强了其治疗效果。这篇综述强调了PBEs在开发用于癌症治疗的新型药物传递系统方面的变革潜力，为未来基于rna的治疗方法的研究和临床进展铺平了道路。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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