Investigation of Radon Concentration and Its Health Risk Assessment in Blood Samples of Cigarette, Vape, and Hookah Smokers and of Non-Smokers

IF 0.9 Q4 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI:10.1134/S1066362224060201

H. M. Qadr, A. A. M. Amin

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Abstract

The concentration of radon gas was measured in human blood samples for smokers and non-smokers collected randomly in Kurdistan region, Iraq. The study was carried out using a CR-39 detector. The average ²²²Rn concentrations in powdered blood samples for cigarette, vape, and hookah smokers and for non-smokers were 228, 275, 290, and 21.9 Bq/m³, respectively. Thus, the hookah smokers had greater average values of ²²²Rn concentration in blood samples than the other smokers. The average values of ²²²Rn concentration for smokers were slightly higher than the global permissibility limit of exposure to radon (200 Bq/m³) recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), and for non-smokers they were far below the world standard limit. The average annual effective dose due to inhalation of ²²²Rn for cigarette, vape, and hookah smokers and non-smokers in powdered blood samples were 5.76, 6.93, 7.30, and 0.27 mSv/year, respectively, being within the recommended limit (3–10 mSv/year) for smokers. The results indicate that smokers have a higher risk of lung cancer because they inhale more radon.

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来源期刊

Radiochemistry CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR-

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

33.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： Radiochemistry is a journal that covers the theoretical and applied aspects of radiochemistry, including basic nuclear physical properties of radionuclides; chemistry of radioactive elements and their compounds; the occurrence and behavior of natural and artificial radionuclides in the environment; nuclear fuel cycle; radiochemical analysis methods and devices; production and isolation of radionuclides, synthesis of labeled compounds, new applications of radioactive tracers; radiochemical aspects of nuclear medicine; radiation chemistry and after-effects of nuclear transformations.