Stability strategies for perovskite solar cells: From counter electrode materials aspect

Abstract

Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) have attracted extensive attention due to their high power conversion efficiency. However, high-efficiency PSCs generally use precious metal materials such as gold and silver to prepare the counter electrode, which leads to high cost and insufficient stability problems. In the search for alternative electrodes, inexpensive transition metals, carbon materials and composite materials show great potential. In this review, the influence of counter electrode materials on the photovoltaic performance and stability of PSCs is systematically analyzed. Especially, the origins for the poor stability of device with precious metals and inferior efficiency of device with non-precious metals and carbon materials are deeply explored. The corresponding stability strategies for improving the performances of PSCs with various types of counter electrode are introduced. The application of non-precious metal electrode materials is prospected, which is promising for the future PSCs development.