Flow distribution characteristics of gravity- and pump-driven CO2 two-phase thermosyphon loops with three evaporators

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI:10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.011

Zhen Tong , Peng Wang , Zekun Han , Wencheng Wang

{"title":"Flow distribution characteristics of gravity- and pump-driven CO2 two-phase thermosyphon loops with three evaporators","authors":"Zhen Tong , Peng Wang , Zekun Han , Wencheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2025.02.011","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, most two-phase the<em>r</em>mosyphon loop (TPTL) systems used in data centers feature a multi-evaporator design. The flow rate of the working fluid through each evaporator is one of the crucial factors affecting the cooling effect of the TPTL. Therefore, this paper conducts a comparative study on the flow distribution patterns of gravity- and pump-driven multi-evaporator TPTLs. The impacts of flow resistance and load distribution on each branch's flow distribution of working fluid are analyzed. It was found that the flow distributions of both gravity- and pump-driven TPTLs were influenced by load distribution. Under non-uniform load conditions, the flow rate tended to skew towards evaporators with higher loads. Additionally, the flow distribution of the gravity-driven TPTL was highly affected by individual branch flow resistance, which was markedly different from the pump-driven TPTL. Under uniform load conditions, the flow rate of the pump-driven TPTL was generally evenly distributed among the evaporators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14274,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","volume":"173 ","pages":"Pages 76-87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140700725000635","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Currently, most two-phase thermosyphon loop (TPTL) systems used in data centers feature a multi-evaporator design. The flow rate of the working fluid through each evaporator is one of the crucial factors affecting the cooling effect of the TPTL. Therefore, this paper conducts a comparative study on the flow distribution patterns of gravity- and pump-driven multi-evaporator TPTLs. The impacts of flow resistance and load distribution on each branch's flow distribution of working fluid are analyzed. It was found that the flow distributions of both gravity- and pump-driven TPTLs were influenced by load distribution. Under non-uniform load conditions, the flow rate tended to skew towards evaporators with higher loads. Additionally, the flow distribution of the gravity-driven TPTL was highly affected by individual branch flow resistance, which was markedly different from the pump-driven TPTL. Under uniform load conditions, the flow rate of the pump-driven TPTL was generally evenly distributed among the evaporators.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

International Journal of Refrigeration-revue Internationale Du Froid 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

12.80%

发文量

363

审稿时长

3.7 months

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Refrigeration is published for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) by Elsevier. It is essential reading for all those wishing to keep abreast of research and industrial news in refrigeration, air conditioning and associated fields. This is particularly important in these times of rapid introduction of alternative refrigerants and the emergence of new technology. The journal has published special issues on alternative refrigerants and novel topics in the field of boiling, condensation, heat pumps, food refrigeration, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrocarbons, magnetic refrigeration at room temperature, sorptive cooling, phase change materials and slurries, ejector technology, compressors, and solar cooling. As well as original research papers the International Journal of Refrigeration also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of discussion and controversy. Other features include forthcoming events, conference reports and book reviews. Papers are published in either English or French with the IIR news section in both languages.