Greener the safer? Effects of urban green space on community safety and perception of safety using satellite and street view imagery data

Abstract

This study explores the link between urban green spaces, street crime, and safety perception through environmental criminology and big data analytics. While past research highlights green space benefits, findings on its relationship with crime remain inconclusive. Using satellite and Google Street View imagery, we develop a fine-scale urban green index and measure safety perception. A neighborhood disadvantage index, derived through principal component analysis of socio-economic factors, further informs our analysis. Geographically Weighted Regression results reveal that urban green spaces are significantly associated with reduced street crime and stronger perceptions of safety, even when controlling for other factors. These findings highlight the potential of urban green spaces to enhance community safety and foster a sense of security in public spaces, offering critical insights for urban planning and policy development.