Journal of Criminal Justice最新文献

Rational choices in cyberspace: Quantitative insights into targeting and attack behavior among cyber offenders 网络空间的理性选择：网络罪犯目标和攻击行为的定量分析

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102621

Priscilla F. Aybar, Rob T. Guerette

This study empirically tests whether incident-level indicators distinguish the distinct features (i.e., signatures) of state-sponsored and non-state-sponsored cyber actors using the European Repository of Cyber Incidents (EuRepoC; 2000–2024). Drawing on environmental criminology and Rational Choice Theory, we estimate multivariate logistic regression models to assess whether actor type is systematically associated with observable incident characteristics, including disruptive tactics, strategic activity, and targeting patterns. Across models, non-state actors were significantly more likely to employ high-visibility, immediate-impact tactics (e.g., ransomware) and to confirm responsibility for attacks. Whereas, state-sponsored actors were more consistently associated with lower-visibility, strategic activity (e.g., data theft) and a reduced in likelihood of operational disruption. In theory-guided models, expectations regarding disruption-avoidance and strategic-orientation were supported, whereas the expectation that state actors preferentially target state or political systems was not supported. This suggests that actor differentiation may hinge on more visibility and operational trade-offs than on direct target-category preference. These findings provide empirically grounded, incident-level “signatures” that can support early-stage attribution triage and inform actor-differentiated prevention and response strategies.

本研究使用欧洲网络事件库（EuRepoC; 2000-2024）对事件级指标是否区分国家支持和非国家支持的网络行为者的不同特征（即签名）进行了实证检验。利用环境犯罪学和理性选择理论，我们估计了多元逻辑回归模型，以评估行为者类型是否与可观察到的事件特征（包括破坏性战术、战略活动和目标模式）系统相关。在所有模型中，非国家行为者明显更有可能采用高可见性、即时影响的策略（例如勒索软件），并确认对攻击负责。然而，国家支持的行为者更多地与能见度较低的战略活动（例如，数据盗窃）联系在一起，并且降低了运营中断的可能性。在理论指导的模型中，关于干扰避免和战略导向的预期得到了支持，而国家行为体优先针对国家或政治制度的预期则不得到支持。这表明，行动者的差异可能取决于更多的可见性和操作权衡，而不是直接的目标类别偏好。这些发现提供了基于经验的事件级“特征”，可以支持早期归因分类，并为行动者区分预防和应对策略提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Can the interaction of offending propensity and criminogenic exposure explain reoffending among justice-involved adolescents? 犯罪倾向和犯罪源暴露的相互作用能否解释涉事青少年的再犯罪？

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102612

Molly McCarthy , Mariel Mateo Pinones , Stephane Shepherd , Troy Allard , Michael Bryden , Mohammed Ali

Much of developmental life-course criminology (DLC) research has been devoted to identifying early life and proximal risk factors for adolescent offending, however an understanding of how these risks combine to shape a causal path to offending has been lacking until recently. Wikström and colleagues' Situational Action Theory (SAT) (2012) articulates a causal model of crime, contending that offending behaviour can be predicted by the interaction of an individual's offending propensity and their exposure to criminogenic settings. While evidence has accrued supporting SAT in general population adolescent samples, SAT has not yet been examined in justice-involved adolescent populations, where high frequency offending behaviour is more prevalent. We examined the core proposition of SAT in a sample of 3287 adolescents aged 10 to 16 years who were sentenced to their first supervised youth justice order in Queensland, Australia, drawing on linked youth justice data, proven offences and assessments undertaken using the YLS-CMI, a structured assessment tool designed to capture risks of antisocial behaviour. A series of OLS regression models with robust standard errors was used to examine how indicators of offending propensity and criminogenic exposure predict reoffending among youth justice-involved adolescents.

Results indicated a significant interaction between offending propensity and criminogenic exposure on reoffending in justice-involved adolescents, supporting the central proposition of SAT. However, strong main effects for criminogenic exposure emerged, with offending propensity having less relative influence on reoffending. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

许多发展生命过程犯罪学（DLC）研究一直致力于确定青少年犯罪的早期生活和近程风险因素，然而，直到最近，对这些风险如何结合起来形成犯罪的因果路径的理解一直缺乏。Wikström和同事的情景行为理论（SAT）（2012）阐明了犯罪的因果模型，认为犯罪行为可以通过个人犯罪倾向和犯罪环境的相互作用来预测。虽然在一般青少年人群样本中已经积累了支持SAT的证据，但SAT尚未在涉及司法的青少年人群中进行检验，在这些人群中，高频犯罪行为更为普遍。我们以3287名10至16岁的青少年为样本，研究了SAT的核心主张，这些青少年在澳大利亚昆士兰州被判处第一次监督青少年司法令，利用相关的青少年司法数据、已证实的罪行和使用YLS-CMI进行的评估，这是一种旨在捕捉反社会行为风险的结构化评估工具。采用一系列具有稳健标准误差的OLS回归模型来检验犯罪倾向和犯罪源暴露指标如何预测涉及青少年司法的青少年的再犯罪。结果表明，犯罪倾向和犯罪源暴露对司法涉事青少年的再犯罪有显著的交互作用，这支持了SAT的中心命题。然而，犯罪源暴露对再犯罪有很强的主效应，犯罪倾向对再犯罪的相对影响较小。讨论了理论和实践意义。

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引用次数: 0

Striking or grappling? Comparing public and officers' perceptions of police use of force 打还是抓？比较公众和警察对警察使用武力的看法

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102601

Joe Eleuterio-da-Rocha, Peter T. Tanksley, M. Hunter Martaindale, Jack Johncox, J. Pete Blair

Police officers use physical arrest and control techniques far more often than firearms, yet public understanding of how people judge these actions is limited, specifically regarding different styles of unarmed arrest. This study examined how civilians and law enforcement officers evaluate different types of police use of force, focusing on whether opinions change depending on the kind of technique used. Using short video clips of the same police encounter, the study employed a 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design that varied by officer race (Black or White), suspect race (Black or White), type of force used (striking, operationalized as a punch, or grappling, operationalized as a double-leg takedown), and video format (complete or segmented vignette). Civilians (n = 996) and officers (n = 744) randomly watched one of these videos and rated the officer's performance and response. Both groups viewed grappling as more appropriate and professional than striking. Grappling officers were more likely to have their performance rated as “excellent” than striking officers in both the civilian (48.2% vs. 34.1% of responses) and law enforcement samples (66.5% vs. 42.9%). Officer and suspect race did not significantly affect judgments, though officers' ratings were influenced by whether they saw the full or edited version of the video. Few participants supported disciplinary action against the officer, though civilians were more likely to recommend additional training. Overall, the findings show that people's reactions to police use of force depend heavily on how the force looks—not just whether it is legally justified—highlighting the importance of context and perception in public and professional evaluations.

警察使用身体逮捕和控制技术的频率远远超过使用枪支，然而公众对人们如何判断这些行动的理解有限，特别是对不同类型的非武装逮捕的理解。这项研究调查了平民和执法人员如何评估不同类型的警察使用武力，重点是人们的看法是否会随着使用的技术类型而改变。使用同一警察遭遇的短视频片段，该研究采用2x2 × 2x2实验设计，根据警察种族（黑人或白人），嫌疑人种族（黑人或白人），使用的武力类型（殴打，可操作为一拳，或扭打，可操作为双腿打倒）和视频格式（完整或分段的小片段）而变化。平民（n = 996）和警官（n = 744）随机观看其中一段视频，并对警官的表现和反应进行评分。两组人都认为扭打比攻击更合适、更专业。在平民（48.2% vs. 34.1%）和执法样本（66.5% vs. 42.9%）中，格斗警察的表现比打击警察更有可能被评为“优秀”。警察和嫌疑人的种族对判断没有显著影响，尽管警察的评分受到他们是观看完整版还是剪辑版视频的影响。很少有与会者支持对该警官采取纪律处分，但文职人员更有可能建议进行额外培训。总的来说，调查结果表明，人们对警察使用武力的反应在很大程度上取决于武力的外观，而不仅仅是它是否合法，这突出了在公众和专业评估中背景和感知的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Childhood dietary factors are associated with maternal characteristics and sex-specific changes in neuropsychological deficits: A criminological assessment 儿童饮食因素与母亲特征和神经心理缺陷的性别特异性变化有关：犯罪学评估

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102613

William J. Gibbs, Kevin M. Beaver

Childhood is a critical time period for human brain development where environmental exposures may result in lasting impacts. Findings from diverse fields of study have revealed that nutrition is one environmental input that is instrumental for healthy human development. To date, criminology has not yet fully explored the various ways in which dietary factors may relate to different criminogenic factors at unique phases of the life-course. We partially address this gap in the literature by examining whether unhealthy eating habits in middle childhood contribute to differential neuropsychological functioning in a high-risk sample. The results of our analyses reveal that variation in unhealthy eating habits is associated with differences in neuropsychological functioning. Greater consumption of fast-foods, salty snacks, candy, and sugar-associated drinks corresponded with increased neuropsychological deficits in females at age five and males at age nine even after controlling for prior levels of neuropsychological deficits. The age differences for neuropsychological deficit accumulation in males and females may indicate critical time periods of brain development that are more sensitive to environmental influence. Additionally, maternal low self-control, maternal neuropsychological deficits, and maternal child neglect are associated with a greater amount of unhealthy food consumption in a child's diet. We discuss what these results mean for criminological theory and public policy.

童年是人类大脑发育的关键时期，环境暴露可能导致持久的影响。来自不同研究领域的研究结果表明，营养是一种有助于人类健康发展的环境投入。迄今为止，犯罪学尚未充分探讨饮食因素在生命过程的不同阶段可能与不同犯罪因素有关的各种方式。我们通过检查高风险样本中儿童中期不健康的饮食习惯是否会导致神经心理功能的差异，部分解决了文献中的这一差距。我们的分析结果表明，不健康饮食习惯的变化与神经心理功能的差异有关。在控制了先前的神经心理缺陷水平之后，5岁的女性和9岁的男性中，大量食用快餐、咸零食、糖果和含糖饮料会增加神经心理缺陷。男性和女性神经心理缺陷积累的年龄差异可能表明大脑发育的关键时期对环境影响更敏感。此外，母亲自我控制能力低、母亲神经心理缺陷和母亲对儿童的忽视与儿童饮食中大量不健康食品的摄入有关。我们将讨论这些结果对犯罪学理论和公共政策的意义。

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引用次数: 0

Cops and crypto: Law enforcement knowledge, experience, and capacity in cryptocurrency crime 警察和加密：加密货币犯罪的执法知识、经验和能力

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102596

Chandler G. Robinson , Matthew W. Logan , Brandon C. Dulisse , Nathan T. Connealy

Cryptocurrency presents new challenges for law enforcement, exposing long-standing gaps in financial crime investigation, training, and policy. This study offers early systematic evidence of U.S. law enforcement officers' engagement with digital assets. Using an original Qualtrics survey distributed to police officers, we analyze responses from 104 officers with prior cryptocurrency experience. The survey captures officers' literacy, exposure to scams, and perceptions of departmental preparedness. Quantitative summaries are complemented by qualitative analysis of open-text responses using a hybrid human–LLM conversing framework that ensured transparency and consistency across categories. The results reveal a wide variation in knowledge and confidence, limited institutional readiness, and limited professional capacity to deal with crypto-related crime. Positioned as a descriptive inquiry, the study establishes an empirical baseline for understanding law enforcement's adaptation to emerging financial technologies and complements national assessments identifying similar capability gaps.

加密货币给执法部门带来了新的挑战，暴露了金融犯罪调查、培训和政策方面长期存在的差距。这项研究提供了美国执法人员参与数字资产的早期系统证据。使用分发给警察的原始质量调查，我们分析了104名具有加密货币经验的警察的回答。这项调查反映了官员的文化水平、对诈骗的暴露程度以及对部门准备情况的看法。定量摘要辅以使用混合人-法学硕士对话框架的开放文本响应的定性分析，以确保跨类别的透明度和一致性。结果显示，在处理与加密相关的犯罪方面，人们的知识和信心存在很大差异，机构准备程度有限，专业能力有限。该研究定位为描述性调查，为了解执法部门对新兴金融技术的适应建立了经验基线，并补充了确定类似能力差距的国家评估。

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引用次数: 0

How valid are self-reports of delinquent and criminal behavior? A meta-analysis comparing self-report and official record measures 犯罪行为的自我报告有多有效？一项比较自我报告和官方记录测量的元分析

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102610

Nan Li

Despite decades of research on the psychometric properties of self-reports of offending behavior, there remains no consensus on whether this method measures what it intends to measure—namely, delinquent and criminal behavior—or on how robust the method is to variations in sample and measurement characteristics. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to estimate the convergent validity of self-reports relative to official records, while also examining its differential validity across sex, age, race/ethnicity, recall period, and the source of official records. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across ProQuest, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Studies were included if they evaluated the association between self-reported delinquent behavior and official records. Three-level meta-analyses were conducted to synthesize findings and evaluate moderators. The meta-analytic correlation between self-reports of delinquent acts and official records was 0.192 (95% CI [0.136, 0.247]; 87 effect sizes, 16 samples, N = 11,888), compared to 0.464 for self-reports of official action (95% CI [0.377, 0.544]; 51 effect sizes, 21 samples, N = 35,024). Together, these findings indicate reasonable convergent validity. However, convergent validity of self-reports of delinquent acts varied by recall period and the source of official records, and convergent validity of both self-report measures was contingent on race and ethnicity, raising concerns about generalizability. We hope that the present study helps to reorient scholarly attention toward the systematic evaluation of the psychometric properties of self-reports of delinquent acts.

尽管对犯罪行为自我报告的心理测量特性进行了数十年的研究，但对于这种方法是否测量了它想测量的东西——即犯罪和犯罪行为——或者该方法对样本和测量特征的变化有多强，仍然没有达成共识。我们通过荟萃分析进行了系统回顾，以估计自我报告相对于官方记录的收敛效度，同时也检查了其在性别、年龄、种族/民族、回忆期和官方记录来源之间的差异效度。按照PRISMA的指导方针，在ProQuest、Web of Science、Scopus和PubMed上进行了全面的文献检索。如果研究评估了自我报告的犯罪行为与官方记录之间的关系，则将其纳入研究。进行三水平荟萃分析以综合研究结果并评估调节因子。不良行为自我报告与官方记录之间的meta分析相关性为0.192 (95% CI[0.136, 0.247]； 87个效应量，16个样本，N = 11,888)，而官方行为自我报告的meta分析相关性为0.464 （95% CI[0.377, 0.544]； 51个效应量，21个样本，N = 35,024）。总之，这些发现表明合理的收敛效度。然而，犯罪行为自我报告的收敛效度因回忆期和官方记录来源而异，两种自我报告方法的收敛效度取决于种族和民族，这引起了对普遍性的担忧。我们希望本研究有助于将学术界的注意力转向对犯罪行为自我报告的心理测量特性的系统评估。

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引用次数: 0

Pretrial decisions in a large urban jurisdiction: Correlates and public safety consequences 大城市司法管辖区的审前决定：相关性和公共安全后果

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102617

Richard D. Hartley , Marie Skubak Tillyer , Brandon Tregle

Proliferation of cash bail and associated high rates of pretrial detention across the United States have been criticized for unfairness and ineffectiveness. While reform efforts were implemented in many jurisdictions, increases in violent crime in 2020 prompted further scrutiny of pretrial release practices, including cash bail, and their effect on future offending. Existing studies have examined the correlates of pretrial decisions and their influence on case outcomes. Very few studies, however, have analyzed how these decisions might affect future crime. The current study examines pretrial practices in a large urban jurisdiction, including decisions to impose cash bail, release individuals on personal recognizance bonds, or remand without bond, as well as cash bond amounts. It also explores the prevalence and predictors of recidivism while on bond, including violent felony recidivism. Findings are discussed in the context of the determinants of these early-stage criminal court processes and their influence on public safety.

美国各地现金保释的泛滥和与之相关的审前拘留的高比例一直被批评为不公平和无效。虽然许多司法管辖区都实施了改革措施，但2020年暴力犯罪的增加促使人们进一步审视审前释放做法，包括现金保释，以及这些做法对未来犯罪的影响。现有的研究已经审查了审前决定的相关性及其对案件结果的影响。然而，很少有研究分析这些决定如何影响未来的犯罪。目前的研究审查了一个大城市司法管辖区的审前做法，包括决定施加现金保释金，在个人担保保释金下释放个人，或在没有保释金的情况下还押，以及现金保释金数额。它还探讨了保释期间再犯的患病率和预测因素，包括暴力重罪的再犯。在这些早期刑事法庭程序的决定因素及其对公共安全的影响的背景下讨论了调查结果。

引用次数: 0

Recalibrating the risk of false confession wrongful convictions: Interrogation tactics and inverse probability 重新调整虚假供述错误定罪的风险：审讯策略和反概率

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102600

Scott M. Mourtgos, Ian T. Adams

False confession wrongful convictions (FCWCs) are a serious failure of the criminal justice system. Although scholars have identified interrogation tactics thought to elevate this risk, existing research rarely estimates the population-level probability that legally permissible methods will produce an FCWC. Instead, inference relies on outcome-selected case series and laboratory diagnosticity ratios that ignore base rates and the far larger universe of interrogations without false confessions. This article offers a methodological recalibration. We formalize the outcome-selection problem and apply inverse probability logic to derive posterior FCWC risk integrating base rates, sensitivity, and specificity. Using Monte Carlo simulation, we synthesize available empirical evidence across a wide parameter space. Across these specifications, median posterior estimates of the probability of a false confession wrongful conviction associated with lawful interrogation tactics cluster near 1 %. We conclude by introducing an Acceptability Curve that clarifies how normative judgments about tolerable error shape policy conclusions.

虚假供述错误定罪是刑事司法系统的一个严重缺陷。虽然学者们已经确定了被认为会增加这种风险的审讯策略，但现有的研究很少估计法律允许的方法产生《公约》的总体概率。相反，推理依赖于结果选择的案例系列和实验室诊断率，而忽略了基本比率和更大范围内没有虚假供词的审讯。本文提供了一种方法上的重新校准。我们将结果选择问题形式化，并应用逆概率逻辑来推导后验FCWC风险，包括基本率、敏感性和特异性。利用蒙特卡罗模拟，我们在一个广泛的参数空间中综合了可用的经验证据。在这些规范中，与合法审讯策略相关的虚假供述错误定罪概率的中位数后验估计接近1%。最后，我们引入了一条可接受曲线，阐明了关于可容忍错误的规范性判断如何影响政策结论。

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引用次数: 0

Racial attitudes and public perceptions of police reform: An empirical analysis informed by racial threat theory 种族态度和公众对警察改革的看法：基于种族威胁理论的实证分析

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102611

P. Trey Bussey, Brenna Dunlap, Leah C. Butler

Building from racial threat theory, scholars have tested whether racial attitudes are associated with views on policing, with findings generally suggesting they are. However, the link between racial attitudes and beliefs about recently proposed policing reforms has not been fully examined. Using data from a 2023 YouGov survey of a national sample of U.S. adults (N = 1299), we analyze support for reforms targeting officer behavior, agency policy, and police abolition. Analyses assess how three racial attitudes—racial resentment, racial sympathy, and White nationalism—are related to these opinions. The findings reveal that officer-level reforms received strong support, whereas support for agency-level initiatives was more limited. Abolition received minimal endorsement. Black respondents expressed greater support for nearly all reforms than other racial groups. Multivariate analyses show that support for the three reform types are significantly associated with racial attitudes and other respondent characteristics. These findings suggest that the public may be more amenable to criminal justice reforms that aim to deter individual practitioners from bad practices than they are to sweeping systemic changes. The popularity of the bad-actor-targeted reforms may be driven less by racial attitudes than other policies are, though further research is needed to identify/falsify theorized causal relationships.

在种族威胁理论的基础上，学者们测试了种族态度是否与对警察的看法有关，结果普遍表明它们是相关的。然而，种族态度和对最近提出的警务改革的信念之间的联系尚未得到充分研究。利用YouGov在2023年对美国成年人进行的全国抽样调查（N = 1299）的数据，我们分析了针对官员行为、机构政策和警察废除的改革的支持度。分析评估了三种种族态度——种族怨恨、种族同情和白人民族主义——与这些观点的关系。调查结果显示，干事一级的改革得到了大力支持，而对机构一级举措的支持则较为有限。废除得到的支持很少。黑人受访者对几乎所有改革的支持程度都高于其他种族群体。多变量分析表明，对三种改革类型的支持与种族态度和其他被调查者特征显著相关。这些发现表明，公众可能更容易接受旨在阻止个人从业人员从事不良行为的刑事司法改革，而不是全面的系统变革。与其他政策相比，针对不良行为者的改革受欢迎程度可能较少受到种族态度的推动，尽管需要进一步研究来确定/伪造理论化的因果关系。

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引用次数: 0

Participation and dose-response effects of institutional vocational training on recidivism and employment 机构职业培训对再犯和就业的参与及剂量反应效应

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2026.102618

Robert H. Geibler, Kathryn Wagner

There is a growing body of research examining the effectiveness of institutional correctional rehabilitation, such as vocational training. However, much of the prior literature has found heterogeneous effects on recidivism and employment, and much of the previous work has focused on simple participation measures of vocational training. Few studies have examined vocational training dosage effects. In this study, we use data from a 2016–2018 Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) release cohort to distinguish between participation and dose-response effects of institutional vocational training on recidivism and employment, using fractional polynomial regressions and linear probability models. We utilize theoretical frameworks from multiple disciplines such as Sampson and Laub's (1993) age-graded theory of informal social control, signaling (Spence, 1978), human capital (Pyatt, 1966), and dose-response frameworks (Lipsey, Landenberger, & Wilson, 2007) as potential explanations as to why vocational training may affect recidivism and employment. We find that simple participation in vocational training yields significant benefits for recidivism and employment. Meanwhile, there is little additional benefit as residents spend more hours in the vocational training program. Overall, our findings indicate that simply participating in vocational training assists in desistance and sends positive signals to prospective employers.

越来越多的研究对机构矫正康复（如职业培训）的有效性进行了检验。然而，许多先前的文献已经发现了累犯和就业的异质性影响，并且许多先前的工作都集中在职业培训的简单参与措施上。很少有研究考察职业培训的剂量效应。在本研究中，我们使用2016-2018年德克萨斯州刑事司法部（TDCJ）释放队列的数据，使用分数多项式回归和线性概率模型来区分机构职业培训对累犯和就业的参与和剂量反应效应。我们利用来自多个学科的理论框架，如Sampson和Laub（1993）的非正式社会控制年龄分级理论、信号（Spence, 1978）、人力资本（Pyatt, 1966）和剂量-反应框架（Lipsey, Landenberger, & Wilson, 2007），作为职业培训可能影响累犯和就业的潜在解释。我们发现，简单地参加职业培训对再犯和就业有显著的好处。与此同时，由于居民在职业培训项目上花费了更多的时间，因此几乎没有额外的好处。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，简单地参加职业培训有助于消除障碍，并向未来的雇主发出积极的信号。

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引用次数: 0