Soil heavy metals assessment of the Zhoukou riparian zone base of Shaying river basin, China: spatial distribution, source analysis and ecological risk.
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Abstract
The riparian zone serves as an ecological transition area between aquatic and terrestrial environments. Understanding the spatial distribution and origins of heavy metals within this zone is crucial for studying riverine ecosystems. In this research, we assessed the occurrence forms and spatial patterns of heavy metals in the riparian zone of the Shaying River Basin in Zhoukou City. Environmental risks were preliminarily evaluated using indices such as Igeo, RI, and PLI, and the sources of heavy metals were identified through PMF. The results revealed that the overall ecological risk associated with eight analyzed heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) in this region was low. However, Cd is marked enriched and represents a significant factor contributing to the potential ecological risk within the riparian zone of the basin. The high bioavailability of Cd and Mn in the soils of nine more contaminated sites showed moderate to very high ecological risk. The PMF model identified four pollution primary sources in this region: agricultural and industrial activities (29.4%), upstream water pollution (21.1%), natural sources (26.5%), and transport-related source (23.1%). These findings establish a scientific foundation for the conservation and management of the ecological environment in the riparian zone of the Shaying River Basin in Zhoukou City. Additionally, they will serve as a reference for future research on soil heavy metal migration and sources within the Huaihe River Basin, China.
期刊介绍：
Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people.
Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes.
The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.
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