{"title":"CryoEvap: An open-source software to simulate the evaporation of cryogenic liquids in vertically orientated storage tanks","authors":"Felipe Huerta , Velisa Vesovic","doi":"10.1016/j.softx.2025.102099","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents a new software tool, <span>CryoEvap</span>, based on a novel and validated modelling approach that simulates the isobaric evaporation of cryogenic liquids in storage tanks. <span>CryoEvap</span> provides time-dependent liquid volume, boil-off gas rates, boil-off gas temperature, average vapour temperature, vapour temperature profiles, different heat ingresses and estimates of transient time relevant to industrial applications in cryogenic energy storage. The software has been implemented in Python under an object-oriented programming paradigm. <span>CryoEvap</span> is designed to aid research in novel applications such as renewable energy storage and the optimal integration of the storage tanks into process simulators. In this paper we provide new research insights into the behaviour of cryogens when stored in two industry-relevant scenarios of large and medium scale storage. The results indicate that the transient period varies drastically between different sized storage tanks and that the inclusion of the vapour thermal expansion is an essential pre-requisite for good estimates of the boil-off gas rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21905,"journal":{"name":"SoftwareX","volume":"30 ","pages":"Article 102099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"SoftwareX","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352711025000664","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, SOFTWARE ENGINEERING","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The paper presents a new software tool, CryoEvap, based on a novel and validated modelling approach that simulates the isobaric evaporation of cryogenic liquids in storage tanks. CryoEvap provides time-dependent liquid volume, boil-off gas rates, boil-off gas temperature, average vapour temperature, vapour temperature profiles, different heat ingresses and estimates of transient time relevant to industrial applications in cryogenic energy storage. The software has been implemented in Python under an object-oriented programming paradigm. CryoEvap is designed to aid research in novel applications such as renewable energy storage and the optimal integration of the storage tanks into process simulators. In this paper we provide new research insights into the behaviour of cryogens when stored in two industry-relevant scenarios of large and medium scale storage. The results indicate that the transient period varies drastically between different sized storage tanks and that the inclusion of the vapour thermal expansion is an essential pre-requisite for good estimates of the boil-off gas rates.
期刊介绍:
SoftwareX aims to acknowledge the impact of software on today''s research practice, and on new scientific discoveries in almost all research domains. SoftwareX also aims to stress the importance of the software developers who are, in part, responsible for this impact. To this end, SoftwareX aims to support publication of research software in such a way that: The software is given a stamp of scientific relevance, and provided with a peer-reviewed recognition of scientific impact; The software developers are given the credits they deserve; The software is citable, allowing traditional metrics of scientific excellence to apply; The academic career paths of software developers are supported rather than hindered; The software is publicly available for inspection, validation, and re-use. Above all, SoftwareX aims to inform researchers about software applications, tools and libraries with a (proven) potential to impact the process of scientific discovery in various domains. The journal is multidisciplinary and accepts submissions from within and across subject domains such as those represented within the broad thematic areas below: Mathematical and Physical Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Medical and Biological Sciences; Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences. Originating from these broad thematic areas, the journal also welcomes submissions of software that works in cross cutting thematic areas, such as citizen science, cybersecurity, digital economy, energy, global resource stewardship, health and wellbeing, etcetera. SoftwareX specifically aims to accept submissions representing domain-independent software that may impact more than one research domain.