Infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in hospitalized neonatal foals: Can colonization predict infection?

IF 2.1 2区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI:10.1111/jvim.17299

Anat Shnaiderman-Torban, Lilac Meltzer, Tal Zilberman-Daniels, Shiri Navon-Venezia, Adar Cohen, Gila Abells Sutton, Shlomo E. Blum, Sharon Amit, Amir Steinman

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Abstract

Background

Infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) contribute to morbidity and mortality in human neonates. In foals, data are scarce.

Objectives

Determine the association between ESBL-PE gastrointestinal colonization on hospital admission and infections in hospitalized neonates.

Animals

Sixty-seven foals.

Methods

Prospective study of foals admitted to a veterinary hospital. Foals were screened for ESBL-PE colonization and for infections. Risk factors and clinical outcomes were analyzed.

Results

Seventy-six percent of foals suffered from at least 1 bacterial infection (n = 51/67). Sixty-three non-ESBL bacterial species and 19 ESBL-PE species were isolated. Twenty foals (29.85%) had at least 1 hospital-acquired infection (HAI) and 30 foals (44.8%) suffered from multidrug resistant infections. The prevalence rates of ESBL-PE gastrointestinal colonization on admission and clinical ESBL HAIs were 47.8% (n = 32/67, 41 isolates) and 19.40% (n = 13/67, 19 isolates), respectively. On multivariable analysis, ESBL-PE HAIs were associated with colonization on admission (P = .03, odds ratio [OR] = 4.60). In an outcome analysis, ESBL-PE infection and HAIs were associated with surgery (ESBL-PE infection: P = .04, OR = 4.70; HAI: P = .004, OR = 6.4) and HAI also was associated with increased duration of hospitalization (P < .001, OR = 9.13). The major colonizing and infecting bacterial species were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. Concordant ESBL-PE species were recovered from rectal screening and clinical samples in 7.46% (n = 5/67) of foals.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

On-admission ESBL-PE rectal colonization was associated with ESBL-PE HAI in neonatal foals. The ESBL-PE infections were associated with surgery during hospitalization. These findings emphasize the importance of optimal infection control and treatment of clinical infections in equine neonatal intensive care units.

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来源期刊

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

11.50%

发文量

243

审稿时长

22 weeks

期刊介绍： The mission of the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine is to advance veterinary medical knowledge and improve the lives of animals by publication of authoritative scientific articles of animal diseases.