NHC-Organocatalyzed Multicomponent Fluorination and Fluoroalkylation for Access to Fluorine-Containing Compounds

Abstract

Fluorine-containing compounds have garnered significant attention in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. The development of efficient methods for constructing fluorinated structures has become a critical topic in organic synthesis. Additionally, N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-organocatalyzed multicomponent fluorination and fluoroalkylation have emerged as a powerful strategy for accessing diverse fluorinated compounds. The minireview summarizes the construction of fluorine-containing compounds via NHC-organocatalyzed multicomponent reactions over the past 15 years. Key reaction types include: i) NHC-catalyzed electrophilic fluorination and trifluoromethylation; and ii) NHC-catalyzed radical fluoroalkylation and cooperative NHC / transition metal catalyzed radical fluoroalkylation. Perspectives and insights into recent advancements in the research field are also provided at the end of the review.