{"title":"Development of a green polyelectrolyte coating to improve flame retardancy and hygroscopic properties of polyamide 6 fabrics","authors":"Pengyu Wang, Jian Liu, Hongfei Li, Xiaoyu Gu, Jun Sun, Sheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111274","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyamide 6 (PA6) fabrics release toxic smoke during combustion, which contributes to environmental pollution and poses a serious threat to human health. In this study, a green polyelectrolyte flame-retardant coating (DT) was built using an ion-exchange reaction method and applied to the surface of PA6 fabric via a simple dipping-padding process. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the DT-treated PA6 fabric was increased from 19.1 % for the control PA6 fabric to 23.6 %. The damaged length was reduced from 16.0 cm for the control PA6 fabric to 3.5 cm, and the melt-dripping phenomenon was effectively eliminated. Compared to the control PA6 fabric (559 kW/m²and 22.1 MJ/m²), the heat release rate and total heat release of the DT-treated fabric were significantly reduced to 260.2 kW/m²and 14.7 MJ/m², respectively. Additionally, the DT coating enhanced the hygroscopicity of the PA6 fabric. Char residue analysis showed that the produced phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid effectively promoted the formation of a dense, and intumescent char layer, inhibiting the transfer of heat and oxygen. Furthermore, the release of non-flammable gases during combustion diluted the flammable gases, further enhancing the flame-retardant properties of the PA6 fabric. This environmentally friendly flame-retardant polyelectrolyte coating offers a sustainable approach for the development of eco-conscious flame-retardant fabrics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":406,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 111274"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Polymer Degradation and Stability","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141391025001041","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/2/17 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Polyamide 6 (PA6) fabrics release toxic smoke during combustion, which contributes to environmental pollution and poses a serious threat to human health. In this study, a green polyelectrolyte flame-retardant coating (DT) was built using an ion-exchange reaction method and applied to the surface of PA6 fabric via a simple dipping-padding process. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) of the DT-treated PA6 fabric was increased from 19.1 % for the control PA6 fabric to 23.6 %. The damaged length was reduced from 16.0 cm for the control PA6 fabric to 3.5 cm, and the melt-dripping phenomenon was effectively eliminated. Compared to the control PA6 fabric (559 kW/m²and 22.1 MJ/m²), the heat release rate and total heat release of the DT-treated fabric were significantly reduced to 260.2 kW/m²and 14.7 MJ/m², respectively. Additionally, the DT coating enhanced the hygroscopicity of the PA6 fabric. Char residue analysis showed that the produced phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid effectively promoted the formation of a dense, and intumescent char layer, inhibiting the transfer of heat and oxygen. Furthermore, the release of non-flammable gases during combustion diluted the flammable gases, further enhancing the flame-retardant properties of the PA6 fabric. This environmentally friendly flame-retardant polyelectrolyte coating offers a sustainable approach for the development of eco-conscious flame-retardant fabrics.
期刊介绍：
Polymer Degradation and Stability deals with the degradation reactions and their control which are a major preoccupation of practitioners of the many and diverse aspects of modern polymer technology.
Deteriorative reactions occur during processing, when polymers are subjected to heat, oxygen and mechanical stress, and during the useful life of the materials when oxygen and sunlight are the most important degradative agencies. In more specialised applications, degradation may be induced by high energy radiation, ozone, atmospheric pollutants, mechanical stress, biological action, hydrolysis and many other influences. The mechanisms of these reactions and stabilisation processes must be understood if the technology and application of polymers are to continue to advance. The reporting of investigations of this kind is therefore a major function of this journal.
However there are also new developments in polymer technology in which degradation processes find positive applications. For example, photodegradable plastics are now available, the recycling of polymeric products will become increasingly important, degradation and combustion studies are involved in the definition of the fire hazards which are associated with polymeric materials and the microelectronics industry is vitally dependent upon polymer degradation in the manufacture of its circuitry. Polymer properties may also be improved by processes like curing and grafting, the chemistry of which can be closely related to that which causes physical deterioration in other circumstances.
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