Feasibility of Robotic Surgical Approach in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

Abstract

Introduction

Advances in robotic instrumentation have facilitated minimally invasive completion of complex cancer operations. The objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of robotic approach for cytoreduction (R-CRS) for peritoneal carcinomatosis in a series of 16 consecutive cases.

Methods

Single institution retrospective study of consecutive patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis deemed appropriate for R-CRS after multidisciplinary review between 2017 and 2022. Feasibility was defined as the proportion of patients in whom complete cytoreduction was achieved without conversion to open.

Results

A total of 16 patients (median interquartile range [IQR]: age 60 ys [45.8-70.5], body mass index 29 [24.5-33.6], peritoneal carcinomatosis index 5 [2.8-6.3]) underwent R-CRS of which six also received hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemtotherapy. Seven patients had gastrointestinal primary cancers (3 colorectal, 3 appendiceal, 1 small bowel neuroendocrine); and nine had gynecologic cancers (7 ovarian, 2 endometrial). Median operative time was 6.0 h (IQR: 5.0-9.0), and median estimated blood loss was 87.5 mL (IQR: 30.0-262.5). Robotic procedures included: pelvic tumor debulking 12 (75%), omentectomy 8 (50%), peritonectomy 6 (38%), large bowel resection 6 (37%), retroperitoneal mass resection 4 (25%), and hepatectomy 3 (19%). Median length of stay was 3.5 ds (IQR: 1.8-5.3) for the whole cohort and only 2 ds (IQR: 1.0-5.5) for patients who did not undergo hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Feasibility rate was 87.5%, whereas conversion, 30-d complication, and 30-d mortality rates were 12.5%, 18.8%, and 0%, respectively.

Conclusions

Our experience with R-CRS demonstrates feasibility of the approach with a potential for benefit in short-term outcomes in a carefully selected cohort of patients when performed at a high-volume robotic surgery center.