Biopolymers: An inclusive review

Hybrid Advances Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100418

Great Iruoghene Edo , Winifred Ndudi , AliB.M. Ali , Emad Yousif , Agatha Ngukuran Jikah , Endurance Fegor Isoje , Ufuoma Augustina Igbuku , Alice Njolke Mafe , Rapheal Ajiri Opiti , Chioma Judith Madueke , Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah , Dina S. Ahmed , Huzaifa Umar

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Abstract

Biopolymers are composed of recurring units of similar or same monomers joined together and are either derived from biological systems or manufactured from biological sources. Been a leading class of functional materials that are apposite for high-value applications, biopolymers are utilized in the food, petroleum, medical and pharmaceutical industries for various purposes. Moreover, naturally occurring biopolymers such as starch, proteins, rubber, cellulose, chitin, RNA, peptides and DNA been biodegradable, were thought of as suitable alternatives to the synthetic ones which came from fossil fuel sources and had adverse environmental effects. Moving forward, many biopolymers have and are still been produced to meet ever increasing demands. This paper presents an all inclusive review of biopolymers, their polymer backbone, impacts on environment, and methods of degradation, uses, chemical modification of biopolymers for the creation of hydrogels used in medicine, economic impact and future outlook.

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生物聚合物：综述

生物聚合物是由相似或相同单体连接在一起的重复单元组成的，它们来源于生物系统或由生物来源制造。生物聚合物是一类适用于高价值应用的领先功能材料，在食品、石油、医疗和制药工业中用于各种用途。此外，天然存在的生物聚合物，如淀粉、蛋白质、橡胶、纤维素、几丁质、RNA、肽和DNA是可生物降解的，被认为是来自化石燃料来源的合成聚合物的合适替代品，对环境有不利影响。展望未来，许多生物聚合物已经并仍在生产，以满足日益增长的需求。本文全面综述了生物聚合物，它们的聚合物骨架，对环境的影响，降解方法，用途，生物聚合物的化学改性用于制造用于医学的水凝胶，经济影响和未来展望。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Hybrid Advances

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