Hybrid Advances最新文献

Green synthesis of silver and gadolinium doped nanoparticles from Ceratonia siliqua leaves extract: Characterization, antibacterial effect and molecular docking 绿色合成银、钆掺杂纳米颗粒的研究：表征、抑菌效果及分子对接

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100615

Mariana S. Hamadi , Zeinab Hachem , Alaa M. Abdallah , Ahmad F. El-Sayed , Taymour A. Hamdalla , Mahmoud I. Khalil , Rana El Hajj

In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Gadolinium-doped silver nanoparticles (Gd@AgNPs) were synthesized using Ceratonia siliqua leaf extract, as the reducing medium. NPs were characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray technique (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet–vis spectroscopy (UV–vis), Photoluminescence (PL), and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). To evaluate the antibacterial activity of the NPs, broth microdilution, antibiofilm screening, and time-kill assay were performed. The XRD patterns revealed the synthesis of face-centered cubic (fcc) structure of metallic silver. The average crystallite sizes calculated using the Debye-Scherrer equation were found to be 20.38 nm for AgNPs and 17 nm for Gd@AgNPs, demonstrating the successful incorporation of Gd into the silver lattice without the formation of secondary phases at a doping concentration of less than 7 %. The findings demonstrated that the synthesized NPs displayed a remarkable antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria, and gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, docking analysis demonstrated that AgNPs and Gd@AgNPs exert inhibitory effects on critical bacterial enzymes, including DNA gyrase, penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), KPC-2 carbapenemase, and dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS). These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms driving the antibacterial efficacy of AgNPs, associating enzyme inhibition with reduced microbial virulence. Notably, the study underscores the superior performance of Gd@AgNPs, highlighting their potential as versatile agents with antibacterial properties. Furthermore, both NPs demonstrated inhibitory effects on both bacterial biofilms’ formation and pre-formed biofilms. These results demonstrated that both NPs could be developed as an antibacterial in combating pathogenic microorganisms.

本研究以白桦叶提取物为还原介质，合成了银纳米粒子（AgNPs）和钆掺杂银纳米粒子（Gd@AgNPs）。采用x射线粉末衍射（XRD）、x射线光电子能谱（XPS）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、x射线能量色散技术（EDX）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、紫外-可见光谱（UV-vis）、光致发光（PL）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）对NPs进行了表征。为了评估NPs的抗菌活性，进行了肉汤微量稀释、抗生素膜筛选和时间杀伤试验。XRD图谱显示合成了面心立方（fcc）结构的金属银。利用Debye-Scherrer方程计算得到AgNPs的平均晶粒尺寸为20.38 nm， Gd@AgNPs的平均晶粒尺寸为17 nm，表明在低于7%的掺杂浓度下，Gd成功地结合到银晶格中而没有形成二次相。结果表明，合成的NPs对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均有明显的抑菌活性。此外，对接分析表明，AgNPs和Gd@AgNPs对细菌的DNA旋切酶、青霉素结合蛋白（PBPs）、KPC-2碳青霉烯酶和二氢翼酸合成酶（DHPS）等关键酶均有抑制作用。这些发现提供了对驱动AgNPs抗菌功效的分子机制的见解，将酶抑制与降低微生物毒力联系起来。值得注意的是，该研究强调了Gd@AgNPs的优越性能，强调了它们作为具有抗菌性能的多功能剂的潜力。此外，这两种NPs对细菌生物膜的形成和预形成的生物膜都有抑制作用。这些结果表明，这两种NPs都可以作为抗病原微生物的抗菌药物开发。

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引用次数: 0

Unified thermodynamic modeling of adsorption and London dispersive surface energy on Rh-modified H-β zeolite: Coupled effects of temperature, metal loading, and specific surface area 铑修饰H-β沸石吸附和伦敦色散表面能的统一热力学模型：温度、金属负载和比表面积的耦合影响

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100614

Tayssir Hamieh

A comprehensive thermomechanical and electronic characterization of solvent adsorption on Rh-modified H-β zeolite was performed using inverse gas chromatography. The adsorbed molecular surface area

a (T, θ, S)

and the London dispersive surface energy

γ_{s}^{d} (T, θ, S)

were quantified as functions of temperature, Rh loading (

θ

), and specific surface area (

S

). A unified second-order bivariate model was developed, enabling direct extraction of the temperature derivatives, cross-coupling terms, and structural sensitivity coefficients for every system.

The results show that Rh loading enhances the electronic polarizability density of the zeolite surface, leading to increased

γ_{s}^{d}

and amplified temperature sensitivity through negative dispersive surface entropy

ε_{s}^{d} (θ)

. Moderate Rh content (0.5–1 wt%) maximizes the adsorbed molecular footprint due to cooperative strengthening of dispersion interactions without excessive pore blocking. In contrast, variations in

S

act primarily through geometric effects: high

S

decreases

γ_{s}^{d}

due to polarizability dilution but significantly increases the adsorbed footprint by reducing confinement and allowing greater molecular deformation with temperature.

Comparison of Rh and

S

models demonstrates that adsorption on Rh/H-β-zeolites is governed by two independent mechanisms: electronic enrichment (

θ

-dependent) and geometric deconfinement (

S

-dependent). Their interplay determines both interaction strength and conformational freedom of adsorbed molecules. This unified framework provides fundamental insight into adsorption thermodynamics on metal-modified zeolites and offers predictive design rules for optimizing catalysts, sorbents, and surface-engineered porous materials.

采用反相色谱法对溶剂在rh修饰H-β分子筛上的吸附进行了全面的热力学和电子表征。将吸附分子表面积a（T,θ，S）和伦敦色散表面能γsd（T,θ，S）量化为温度、Rh载荷（θ）和比表面积(S)的函数。建立了统一的二阶二元模型，可以直接提取每个系统的温度导数、交叉耦合项和结构灵敏度系数。结果表明：Rh负载增强了沸石表面的电子极化密度，通过负色散表面熵εsd（θ）导致γsd增大，温度敏感性增大；适度的Rh含量（0.5-1 wt%）使吸附的分子足迹最大化，这是由于分散相互作用的协同加强，而不会过度堵塞孔隙。相反，S的变化主要通过几何效应起作用：高S由于极化率稀释而降低γ - sd，但通过减少限制和允许更大的分子随温度变形而显著增加吸附足迹。Rh和S模型的比较表明，在Rh/H-β-沸石上的吸附由两种独立的机制控制：电子富集（θ依赖）和几何约束（S依赖）。它们的相互作用决定了被吸附分子的相互作用强度和构象自由。这个统一的框架为金属改性沸石的吸附热力学提供了基本的见解，并为优化催化剂、吸附剂和表面工程多孔材料提供了预测设计规则。

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引用次数: 0

Green synthesis and characteristics of Ag-ZnO doped nanoparticles utilizing plant extracts as reducing agents 以植物提取物为还原剂的Ag-ZnO掺杂纳米颗粒的绿色合成及特性研究

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100613

Thi Minh Huyen Phan , Thi Lam Nguyen , Van Cuong Bui , Xuan Minh Vu , Thi My Hanh Le , Minh Duc Nguyen , T.R. Usacheva , Thi Dieu Huong Pham , Thi Lan Pham

ZnO and Ag-ZnO nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized using a simple green method, in which extracts of pomelo peel, bear's breech leaf, and fresh lime act as effective reducing and stabilizing agents. This approach is not only environmentally friendly and cost-effective, but it also allows for adjustments to the material's properties through variations in calcination temperature and silver doping concentration. The synthesized nanoparticles were comprehensively characterized by various physicochemical techniques. The resulting nanoparticles depicted a diverse length range from 15.1 to 20.2 nm. XRD and XPS analyses confirmed the stable wurtzite structure of ZnO and, concurrently, recognized the presence of silver in both metallic and ionic states within the crystal lattice. The doping of Ag led to a contraction in crystallite grains, caused minor shifts in diffraction peaks, decreased the bandgap energy, and extended the light absorption range into the visible region, as evidenced by UV-VIS DRS. These were corroborated by experimental results demonstrating the high tetracycline degradation efficiency of all samples. Specifically, the 1.5 % Ag-doped sample exhibited a high degradation rate (up to 91.21 %) after being exposed to Philips' white LED for 30 min, and the efficiency further increased to 92.06 % after 180 min of continuous illumination.

The use of this LED lamp is energy-efficient, and its operating wavelength within the visible light spectrum enhances its practical applicability. This is because the obtained results can still be applied under artificial lighting conditions, as well as utilizing natural solar energy. Antibacterial tests showed that the 1.5 % Ag-doped ZnO sample had the ability to suppress E. coli bacteria with nearly complete antibacterial efficacy at a concentration of 500 μg mL⁻¹ (corresponding to Ag content of approximately 7.5 μg mL⁻¹. This finding asserted the potential application of green-synthesized Ag–ZnO nanoparticles in the fields of antibacterial agents and photocatalysis, while also promoting a sustainable and reliable approach to functional materials manufacturing.

以柚子皮、熊叶和鲜石灰提取物为还原剂和稳定剂，采用简单的绿色方法成功合成了ZnO和Ag-ZnO纳米颗粒。这种方法不仅对环境友好且具有成本效益，而且还允许通过煅烧温度和银掺杂浓度的变化来调整材料的性能。采用多种物理化学技术对合成的纳米颗粒进行了综合表征。所得纳米颗粒的长度范围从15.1到20.2 nm不等。XRD和XPS分析证实了ZnO的稳定纤锌矿结构，同时在晶格内发现了金属态和离子态银的存在。UV-VIS DRS表明，Ag的掺杂导致晶体颗粒收缩，衍射峰发生微小位移，带隙能量降低，光吸收范围扩展到可见光区。实验结果证实了这一点，所有样品的四环素降解效率都很高。具体来说，掺银1.5%的样品在飞利浦白光LED照射30分钟后，降解率高达91.21%，连续照射180分钟后，效率进一步提高到92.06%。这种LED灯的使用节能，其工作波长在可见光谱范围内，增强了其实用性。这是因为所获得的结果仍然可以在人工照明条件下应用，以及利用自然太阳能。抑菌实验表明，1.5% Ag掺杂的ZnO样品在500 μg mL−1 （Ag含量约为7.5 μg mL−1）的浓度下具有抑菌效果，且抑菌效果接近完全。这一发现肯定了绿色合成的Ag-ZnO纳米颗粒在抗菌剂和光催化领域的潜在应用，同时也促进了一种可持续和可靠的功能材料制造方法。

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引用次数: 0

Hyperbranched polymer functionalized antimicrobial fibrous membranes 超支化聚合物功能化抗菌纤维膜

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100612

Viraj P. Nirwan , Thomas Martinez , Núria Portolés Gil , Jamie Godfrey , Eva Filová , Michael Malkoch , Amir Fahmi

Emergence of microbial, viral, and airborne pollutants is a global issue, especially in the current environment. Advanced hybrid multifunctional fibers, owing to their excellent sorption activity and nanostructure dependent properties, have proven to be more effective than existing microstructure filtration membranes. Here, multifunctional fibers are fabricated using a combination of fifth generation linear-dendritic HBPs (hyperbranched polymers) furnished with either cationic ammonium or anionic carboxyl groups within a biodegradable and biocompatible poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) polymer. Morphological and physicochemical analysis confirmed the generation of fibers via electrospinning. The average diameter of NH₃⁺ HBP functionalized PLCL fibers was 0.65 ± 0.29 μm, and COOH HBP functionalized PLCL fibers was 0.91 ± 0.46 μm. The antibacterial evaluation results against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) showed an effectiveness exceeding 99.9 %. Electrospun fibers showed a significant antiviral efficacy against Coronavirus (OC43), exceeding 97 %. However, the effectiveness against other types of viruses needs further study. Nevertheless, the scalability of the fabrication methodology and the antibacterial efficacy of these novel compositions have the potential to supplement the already existing filtration membranes and overcome the problem of pollutants in a closed environment.

微生物、病毒和空气污染物的出现是一个全球性的问题，特别是在当前的环境中。先进的杂化多功能纤维由于其优异的吸附活性和纳米结构特性，已被证明比现有的微结构过滤膜更有效。在本研究中，多功能纤维是在可生物降解和生物相容性的聚（l -乳酸-co-己内酯）（PLCL）聚合物中使用第五代线性枝状hbp（超支化聚合物）的组合而成的，这些聚合物具有阳离子铵基或阴离子羧基。形态学和理化分析证实了静电纺丝纤维的产生。NH3+ HBP功能化PLCL纤维的平均直径为0.65±0.29 μm， COOH HBP功能化PLCL纤维的平均直径为0.91±0.46 μm。对大肠杆菌（E. coli）和金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）的抑菌效果评价结果显示，抗菌效果超过99.9%。静电纺纤维对冠状病毒（OC43）的抗病毒效果显著，超过97%。然而，对其他类型病毒的有效性还需要进一步研究。然而，制造方法的可扩展性和这些新型组合物的抗菌功效具有补充现有过滤膜和克服封闭环境中污染物问题的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrothermal transport of a chemically reactive bioconvective hybrid nanofluid with activation energy in MHD stagnation-point flow over a stretching surface 具有活化能的化学反应性生物对流杂化纳米流体在拉伸表面MHD滞点流动中的热液输运

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100606

Hawzhen Fateh M. Ameen

This study presents a detailed numerical investigation of MHD stagnation-point flow of a chemically reactive bioconvective hybrid nanofluid over a stretching surface, incorporating the coupled influences of Brownian diffusion, thermophoresis, viscous dissipation, heat generation/absorption, magnetic field, and activation energy. The hybrid nanofluid contains suspended nanoparticles whose transport is described via Buongiorno’s model, while motile microorganisms induce bioconvection in the boundary layer. A homogeneous first-order chemical reaction with Arrhenius-type activation energy is considered to capture nanoparticle consumption and temperature-dependent reaction kinetics relevant to catalytic and reactive transport systems. Using similarity transformations, the governing steady boundary-layer equations are reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations and solved numerically via MATLAB’s bvp4c algorithm. The results reveal that stronger chemical reaction rates substantially suppress solute concentration within the boundary layer, whereas higher activation energy delays reaction onset and enhances nanoparticle retention. The combination of Brownian motion and thermophoresis enhances thermal and solutal diffusion rates which enable researchers to manage heat and mass transfer in reaction–diffusion hybrid nanofluid systems. The calculated skin friction and Nusselt and Sherwood numbers and motile microorganism density numbers demonstrate how hydrodynamic forces interact with thermal and solutal and bioconvective transport mechanisms. The research results have immediate value for chemical and process engineering because they support applications including catalytic surface cooling and bio-reactive coating flows and nanofluid-assisted separation processes and bioconvective transport in functional fluids. The research findings directly support chemical and process engineering applications because they enable better control of nanoparticle movement and chemical reactions and microorganism behavior in functional fluids.

本研究对化学反应性生物对流混合纳米流体在拉伸表面上的MHD滞点流动进行了详细的数值研究，包括布朗扩散、热电泳、粘性耗散、热产生/吸收、磁场和活化能的耦合影响。混合纳米流体包含悬浮的纳米颗粒，其传输通过Buongiorno模型描述，而移动的微生物在边界层中诱导生物对流。一个具有阿伦尼乌斯型活化能的均匀一级化学反应被认为捕获了与催化和反应运输系统相关的纳米颗粒消耗和温度依赖的反应动力学。利用相似变换，将控制边界层方程简化为非线性常微分方程组，并通过MATLAB的bvp4c算法进行数值求解。结果表明，较强的化学反应速率显著抑制了边界层内的溶质浓度，而较高的活化能则延迟了反应的发生并增强了纳米颗粒的保留。布朗运动和热泳术的结合提高了热扩散率和溶质扩散率，使研究人员能够在反应-扩散混合纳米流体系统中管理传热和传质。计算出的皮肤摩擦、努塞尔和舍伍德数以及活动微生物密度数表明了水动力如何与热、溶质和生物对流输送机制相互作用。研究结果对化学和工艺工程具有直接价值，因为它们支持包括催化表面冷却和生物反应涂层流动以及纳米流体辅助分离过程和功能流体中的生物对流运输在内的应用。研究结果直接支持化学和工艺工程应用，因为它们可以更好地控制纳米颗粒的运动、化学反应和功能流体中的微生物行为。

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引用次数: 0

Development and comprehensive analysis of eco-friendly epoxy composites reinforced with jute, coir, and oil palm fibers 黄麻、椰胶、油棕纤维增强环氧复合材料的研制与综合分析

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100604

Alberuni Aziz, Mahibul Hasan Pulak

Four different composite configurations has been studied here: Jute-Oil Palm-Coir, Jute-Coir-Jute, Coir-Jute-Coir, and Oil Palm-Coir-Oil Palm, using the hand layup method. The main goal was to assess their mechanical properties, such as tensile, flexural, and impact strengths, along with water absorption and compare among these. The results offer important insights like, the Jute-Coir-Jute composite showed the highest tensile strength of 1573.33 N due to improved fiber-matrix adhesion and proper load transfer, while the Oil Palm-Coir-Oil Palm composite demonstrates the highest flexural strength of 189.91 N. Additionally, the Jute-Coir-Jute composite showed excellent impact resistance, with a value of 8.5 J, due to fewer voids and pullouts, which reduce stress concentrations and scattering of results. A water absorption test which was conducted according to the British Standard indicates that the Jute-Coir-Jute composite has the highest absorption rate among all. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is used to examine the microstructure of the samples which is important to analyze the structure–property relationships. It helps to connect the mechanical characterization results, with specifically how features such as fiber–matrix adhesion, interfacial voids, and fiber pull-out provide further insight into their morphology. The novelty of this work is to assess how the combination of jute, coir, and oil palm fibres influences the mechanical properties of the hybrid natural composites. These hybrid composites may exhibit significant potential for application in making automotive interior components, sustainable furniture products, biodegradable packaging, lightweight sports, and recreational equipment etc. Consequently, this research makes a valuable contribution to composite technology development by offering practical guidance to select and optimize composite materials for various applications and to highlight their performance.

本文采用手铺法研究了四种不同的复合结构：黄麻-油棕榈-椰子、黄麻-椰子、椰子-黄麻-椰子和油棕榈-椰子-油棕榈。主要目的是评估它们的机械性能，如拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度，以及吸水率，并进行比较。结果提供了重要的见解，如黄麻- coir -黄麻复合材料的抗拉强度最高，为1573.33 N，这是由于改善了纤维-基质的粘附性和适当的载荷传递，而油棕榈- coir -油棕榈复合材料的抗弯曲强度最高，为189.91 N。此外，黄麻- coir -黄麻复合材料具有优异的抗冲击性，其值为8.5 J，这是由于更少的空隙和拉出，减少了应力集中和结果的分散。根据英国标准进行的吸水试验表明，黄麻- coir -黄麻复合材料的吸水率最高。利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察样品的微观结构，对分析材料的结构-性能关系具有重要意义。它有助于将力学表征结果与纤维-基质粘附、界面空隙和纤维拉出等特征联系起来，从而进一步了解其形态。这项工作的新颖之处在于评估黄麻、椰子纤维和油棕纤维的组合如何影响混合天然复合材料的机械性能。这些混合复合材料可能在制造汽车内饰部件、可持续家具产品、可生物降解包装、轻型运动和娱乐设备等方面显示出巨大的应用潜力。因此，该研究通过为各种应用的复合材料的选择和优化以及突出其性能提供实践指导，为复合材料技术的发展做出了宝贵的贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Iron-based nanohybrids for sustainable dye removal from wastewater: A comprehensive review on adsorption mechanisms and environmental implications 铁基纳米杂化物用于废水中染料的可持续去除：吸附机制和环境影响的综合综述

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100607

V. Divya , K. Anbarasu , A.S. Vickram , A. Saravanan

Synthetic dye-contaminated industrial effluents pose a persistent environmental threat due to their toxicity, chemical stability, and resistance to conventional remediation methods. This review provides a comprehensive assessment of iron-based nanohybrids (INHs) as versatile materials for dye adsorption and catalytic degradation in wastewater treatment systems. A critical research gap is identified in the limited integration of mechanistic insights with considerations of scalability, environmental safety, and economic feasibility. The major adsorption and catalytic mechanisms, including electrostatic interactions, ion exchange, and Fenton-like oxidation, are systematically evaluated under varying operational conditions. Particular emphasis is placed on regeneration potential, magnetic recovery, long-term reusability, and the influence of pH and temperature, positioning these mechanisms within the broader framework of process optimization. The review also highlights future directions in INHs design, including predictive modeling, comprehensive environmental risk assessment, and the adoption of circular-economy strategies to facilitate the transition from laboratory-scale research to industrial implementation. Overall, INHs represent a promising class of recyclable, multifunctional, and environmentally compatible materials for next-generation dye-remediation technologies.

合成染料污染的工业废水由于其毒性、化学稳定性和对常规修复方法的抗性，对环境构成了持续的威胁。本文综述了铁基纳米杂化材料（INHs）在废水处理系统中作为染料吸附和催化降解的通用材料的综合评价。一个关键的研究缺口是在机械见解与可扩展性、环境安全性和经济可行性考虑的有限整合中确定的。在不同的操作条件下，系统地评估了主要的吸附和催化机制，包括静电相互作用、离子交换和类芬顿氧化。特别强调再生潜力、磁回收、长期可重用性以及pH值和温度的影响，将这些机制置于工艺优化的更广泛框架内。该综述还强调了INHs设计的未来方向，包括预测建模、综合环境风险评估以及采用循环经济战略，以促进从实验室规模研究向工业实施的过渡。总的来说，inh代表了下一代染料修复技术中有前途的可回收、多功能和环境兼容材料。

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引用次数: 0

Metal–organic frameworks for heavy metal remediation: Advances in sustainable adsorption mechanisms and clean water applications 重金属修复的金属有机框架：可持续吸附机制和清洁水应用的进展

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100608

R. Kamalesh, Alan Shaji, A. Saravanan, Ragini Y P, A.S. Vickram

The global concern over ecological safety and public health has led to the development of a sustainable approach towards pollutant remediation. Recently, heavy metals and organic pollutants have emerged as the two major contaminants, and their remediation has attracted significant attention from researchers. Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials composed of organic linkers and metal nodes that self-assemble into crystal structures. The unique properties of MOFs include tunable porosity, large surface area, high predictability, and functional diversity for adsorption, catalysis, and pollutant degradation. One key benefit of MOFs is their selective adsorption of various pollutants, including heavy metals, organic compounds, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and dyes. This review uniquely integrates heavy-metal sources, MOF adsorption mechanisms, and synthesis strategies into a single comprehensive framework. The main outcome of the study highlights advanced synthesis routes, including micro-wave, sonochemical, electrochemical, and mechanochemical methods, supported with research findings on adsorption performance. The study consolidates recent evidence on MOF in clean water treatment, organic pollutant degradation, and emerging fields such as drug delivery, sensing, and photocatalysis. It also emphasizes the functionalization, hybrid composites, and membrane integration of MOFs to enhance selectivity, stability, and reusability in real-world remediation scenarios. The analysis underscores MOFs’ expanding role beyond adsorption, showcasing their versatility in environmental and biomedical technologies. Additionally, it also outlines key challenges and future directions to guide the development of next-generation MOF composites for sustainable remediation.

全球对生态安全和公众健康的关注导致了污染物修复的可持续方法的发展。近年来，重金属和有机污染物已成为污染环境的两大主要污染物，其修复已引起研究人员的广泛关注。金属有机骨架（mof）是由有机连接体和金属节点组成的多孔材料，它们可以自组装成晶体结构。mof的独特性质包括孔隙度可调、表面积大、可预测性高、吸附、催化和污染物降解功能多样。mof的一个关键优点是它们对各种污染物的选择性吸附，包括重金属、有机化合物、药物、个人护理产品和染料。这篇综述独特地将重金属来源、MOF吸附机制和合成策略整合到一个综合框架中。该研究的主要成果突出了先进的合成路线，包括微波、声化学、电化学和机械化学方法，以及吸附性能的研究结果。该研究巩固了MOF在净水处理、有机污染物降解以及药物输送、传感和光催化等新兴领域的最新证据。它还强调了mof的功能化、杂化复合材料和膜集成，以提高实际修复场景中的选择性、稳定性和可重用性。分析强调了mof在吸附之外的作用，展示了它们在环境和生物医学技术中的多功能性。此外，它还概述了指导下一代MOF复合材料可持续修复发展的关键挑战和未来方向。

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引用次数: 0

Fractional HAM analysis of ternary hybrid nanofluid flow and heat transfer over a magnetized moving plate 磁化移动板上三元混合纳米流体流动和传热的分式HAM分析

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100610

Fateme Nadalinia Chari, Davood Domiri Ganji

This study investigates the laminar flow and heat transfer of a ternary hybrid nanofluid over a moving plate under the influence of a perpendicular magnetic field, addressing the limited research on fractional-order modeling of such systems. Novelty arises from employing a generalized non-Fourier heat conduction model and a fractional stress framework to capture anomalous heat transfer beyond classical descriptions. Results show that the velocity ratio strongly influences near-wall shear stress, while the Hartmann number serves as an effective control parameter for regulating velocity and temperature profiles. Increasing the thermal source/sink parameter from 0.1 to 0.2 raises the temperature profile by 25.52 %, while raising the Hartmann number from 0.5 to 1 enhances the velocity profile by 3.89 %. The nanoparticle volume fraction improves thermal performance, whereas base fluid variations primarily affect temperature distribution. The inclusion of the fractional parameter β provides a more accurate representation of nonlocal thermal effects, establishing the key physical contribution of this work. These insights highlight the potential of ternary hybrid nanofluids with fractional-order modeling for applications in energy storage, electronic cooling, and advanced thermal management systems.

本文研究了在垂直磁场影响下三元混合纳米流体在移动板上的层流和传热，解决了此类系统分数阶建模研究的局限性。新颖性源于采用广义非傅立叶热传导模型和分数应力框架来捕捉超越经典描述的异常传热。结果表明，速度比对近壁剪切应力影响较大，而哈特曼数是调节速度和温度分布的有效控制参数。当源/集参数从0.1增加到0.2时，温度剖面提高了25.52%，当哈特曼数从0.5增加到1时，速度剖面提高了3.89%。纳米颗粒体积分数提高了热性能，而基液的变化主要影响温度分布。分数参数β的加入为非局部热效应提供了更准确的表征，确立了这项工作的关键物理贡献。这些见解突出了三元混合纳米流体在能量存储、电子冷却和先进热管理系统中的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Functionalized hydroxyapatite nanocomposites for localized drug delivery in bone cancer 功能化羟基磷灰石纳米复合材料用于骨癌的局部药物递送

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100609

Lovepreet Singh , Harshita Jain , Parul Sharma , Mohini Singh , Victor Ezebuiro

Bone cancer and especially osteosarcoma is one disease that has proven to be a challenging therapeutic area because of poor prognosis, systemic drug toxicity, and limited response to conventional therapy. As an alternative method of treatment delivery, the localized drug delivery systems have come up promising with controlled release, lesser side effects and better therapeutic results. Hydroxyapatite (HAp), which is a calcium phosphate mineral that occurs naturally and demonstrates high biocompatibility as well as osteoconductivity, has attracted a lot of interest in bone tissue engineering and specific drug delivery. Nevertheless, there are inherent shortcomings of it such as brittle and low drug loading capacity (typically 2–10 wt%), which demand functionalization strategies. Coatings with polymers (PEG, chitosan, PLGA), inorganic ions (Zn, Ag, Sr), and carbon-based nanomaterials (graphene, CNTs) have been demonstrated to increase mechanical strength, drug encapsulation and release kinetics (enhancing loading efficiency up to 60–85 % and prolonging release over 7–30 days). Nanocomposites constructed by HAp through co-precipitation, sol-gel, and hydrothermal techniques have been shown to deliver anticancer agents including doxorubicin, cisplatin and methotrexate with control. Additional targeting techniques such as ligand-mediated delivery, pH/enzyme-responsive release, and bone-seeking agents such as bisphosphonates further enhance targeting. The results of preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies suggest encouraging cytotoxicity against cancer cells, biocompatibility (osteoblast viability often >90 %), and sustained drug delivery, but challenges to translational scalability, reproducibility and clinical validation exist. Smart stimuli-responsive carriers, theranostic integration and individualized medicine strategy should be investigated in the future, with functionalized HAp nanocomposites being the advanced option in the next generation of localized bone cancer therapy platforms.

骨癌，特别是骨肉瘤是一种疾病，已被证明是一个具有挑战性的治疗领域，因为预后差，全身药物毒性和对传统治疗的反应有限。局部给药系统作为一种新的给药方式，具有释放控制、副作用小、治疗效果好等优点。羟基磷灰石（HAp）是一种天然存在的磷酸钙矿物，具有很高的生物相容性和骨导电性，在骨组织工程和特异性药物输送方面引起了人们的广泛关注。然而，它有固有的缺点，如脆性和低载药量（通常为2-10 wt%），这需要功能化策略。聚合物（PEG、壳聚糖、PLGA）、无机离子（Zn、Ag、Sr）和碳基纳米材料（石墨烯、碳纳米管）的涂层已被证明可以提高机械强度、药物包封和释放动力学（将装载效率提高60 - 85%，并将释放时间延长7-30天）。通过共沉淀法、溶胶-凝胶和水热技术构建的HAp纳米复合材料已被证明可以递送抗癌药物，包括阿霉素、顺铂和甲氨蝶呤。其他靶向技术，如配体介导的递送、pH/酶响应释放和寻骨剂，如双膦酸盐，进一步增强了靶向性。临床前体外和体内研究的结果表明，该药物可促进对癌细胞的细胞毒性、生物相容性（成骨细胞存活率通常为90%）和持续的药物传递，但在转化可扩展性、可重复性和临床验证方面存在挑战。未来应研究智能刺激响应载体、治疗整合和个体化药物策略，功能化HAp纳米复合材料将成为下一代局部骨癌治疗平台的先进选择。

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