Hybrid Advances最新文献

Unified thermodynamic modeling of adsorption and London dispersive surface energy on Rh-modified H-β zeolite: Coupled effects of temperature, metal loading, and specific surface area 铑修饰H-β沸石吸附和伦敦色散表面能的统一热力学模型：温度、金属负载和比表面积的耦合影响

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100614

Tayssir Hamieh

A comprehensive thermomechanical and electronic characterization of solvent adsorption on Rh-modified H-β zeolite was performed using inverse gas chromatography. The adsorbed molecular surface area

a (T, θ, S)

and the London dispersive surface energy

γ_{s}^{d} (T, θ, S)

were quantified as functions of temperature, Rh loading (

θ

), and specific surface area (

S

). A unified second-order bivariate model was developed, enabling direct extraction of the temperature derivatives, cross-coupling terms, and structural sensitivity coefficients for every system.

The results show that Rh loading enhances the electronic polarizability density of the zeolite surface, leading to increased

γ_{s}^{d}

and amplified temperature sensitivity through negative dispersive surface entropy

ε_{s}^{d} (θ)

. Moderate Rh content (0.5–1 wt%) maximizes the adsorbed molecular footprint due to cooperative strengthening of dispersion interactions without excessive pore blocking. In contrast, variations in

S

act primarily through geometric effects: high

S

decreases

γ_{s}^{d}

due to polarizability dilution but significantly increases the adsorbed footprint by reducing confinement and allowing greater molecular deformation with temperature.

Comparison of Rh and

S

models demonstrates that adsorption on Rh/H-β-zeolites is governed by two independent mechanisms: electronic enrichment (

θ

-dependent) and geometric deconfinement (

S

-dependent). Their interplay determines both interaction strength and conformational freedom of adsorbed molecules. This unified framework provides fundamental insight into adsorption thermodynamics on metal-modified zeolites and offers predictive design rules for optimizing catalysts, sorbents, and surface-engineered porous materials.

采用反相色谱法对溶剂在rh修饰H-β分子筛上的吸附进行了全面的热力学和电子表征。将吸附分子表面积a（T,θ，S）和伦敦色散表面能γsd（T,θ，S）量化为温度、Rh载荷（θ）和比表面积(S)的函数。建立了统一的二阶二元模型，可以直接提取每个系统的温度导数、交叉耦合项和结构灵敏度系数。结果表明：Rh负载增强了沸石表面的电子极化密度，通过负色散表面熵εsd（θ）导致γsd增大，温度敏感性增大；适度的Rh含量（0.5-1 wt%）使吸附的分子足迹最大化，这是由于分散相互作用的协同加强，而不会过度堵塞孔隙。相反，S的变化主要通过几何效应起作用：高S由于极化率稀释而降低γ - sd，但通过减少限制和允许更大的分子随温度变形而显著增加吸附足迹。Rh和S模型的比较表明，在Rh/H-β-沸石上的吸附由两种独立的机制控制：电子富集（θ依赖）和几何约束（S依赖）。它们的相互作用决定了被吸附分子的相互作用强度和构象自由。这个统一的框架为金属改性沸石的吸附热力学提供了基本的见解，并为优化催化剂、吸附剂和表面工程多孔材料提供了预测设计规则。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative analysis of a hybrid KNN–SVM model versus individual ML techniques for solar power forecasting in Bangladesh 混合KNN-SVM模型与单独ML技术在孟加拉国太阳能预测的比较分析

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100598

Md.Mushfiq Us Salehin

Proper power system operation in areas that have a high degree of climatic variability including Bangladesh requires proper solar power forecasting. This paper analyzes a cascade hybrid KNN–SVM model to predict solar power per hour and their performance is compared to standalone K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models. Under the proposed method, the KNN algorithm is first used to determine the local data neighborhoods, and the second step is the localized regression on an SVM with a radial basis function (RBF) kernel. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) is used to evaluate model performance on a series of forecasting targets. Hourly Total Global Solar Radiation (HTGSR) and Hourly Total Power Generation (HTPEG) are the least RMSE values of 0.0059 and 0.0058 respectively, which are the lowest for the hybrid KNN–SVM model. Although LSTM works well in situations where there are long temporal dependencies to be learned, the hybrid approach offers a more balanced trade off between instance-based learning and margin optimization, and thus is especially useful in situations where there are high short-term variations. These findings justify the feasibility of scaled-up solar energy integration into the power grid in Bangladesh and it will also help in the sustainable energy planning.

在包括孟加拉国在内的气候高度变化的地区，适当的电力系统运行需要适当的太阳能预测。本文分析了级联混合KNN - SVM模型来预测每小时太阳能发电量，并将其性能与独立的k -近邻（KNN）、支持向量机（SVM）和长短期记忆（LSTM）模型进行了比较。该方法首先利用KNN算法确定局部数据邻域，然后利用径向基函数（RBF）核对支持向量机进行局部回归。使用均方根误差（RMSE）来评价模型在一系列预测目标上的性能。每小时全球太阳总辐射（HTGSR）和每小时总发电量（HTPEG）的RMSE值最小，分别为0.0059和0.0058，在KNN-SVM混合模型中RMSE值最低。尽管LSTM在需要学习长时间依赖性的情况下工作得很好，但混合方法在基于实例的学习和边际优化之间提供了更平衡的权衡，因此在存在高短期变化的情况下特别有用。这些发现证明了在孟加拉国大规模将太阳能并入电网的可行性，它也将有助于可持续能源规划。

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引用次数: 0

Green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles using Acanthus ilicifolius leaf extract 棘叶提取物纳米银的绿色合成、表征及抗菌活性研究

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100620

Md. Touhidul Islam , Md. Shoebul Islam , Mizanur Rahman Washim , A.S.M Tanbirul Haque , Md. Arifuzzaman , H.M. Rakibul Islam , Md. Harunor Rashid , Yahia Mahmud

The green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plants has become a promising approach for developing potent agents against fatal pathogens. The present study evaluated the green production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from the extract of Acanthus ilicifolius leaves and their antibacterial properties as a sustainable solution to bacterial challenges in shrimp aquaculture. The synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed after 6 h by monitoring a color change. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were employed to characterize the synthesized particles. The UV-vis spectrum of the synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited a characteristic absorption peak at λ_max = 400 nm, confirmed the successful formation of AgNPs. FTIR analysis indicated potential interactions between silver and bioactive compounds in A. ilicifolius leaf extracts, which may facilitate the formation and stabilization of silver nanoparticles. SEM imaging revealed that the particles were spherical and exhibited no aggregation. AFM topography showed that the AgNPs were spherical, polydisperse particles with an average size of 86.86 nm. The nanoparticles demonstrated stronger antibacterial efficacy against harmful bacteria through disk diffusion assays, with inhibition zones of 15 ± 0.8 mm for Vibrio parahaemolyticus at a 1000 mg/mL concentration, 12 ± 0.4 mm for Pseudoalteromonas ostreae at 250 mg/mL, and 13 ± 0.7 mm for Shewanella khirikhana at 250 mg/mL. Vibrio parahaemolyticus exhibited the greatest vulnerability at this dose, while showing resistance to the antibiotic oxytetracycline at 30 μg. The strong bioactivity of the green produced AgNPs from this plant suggests their application in biomedicine as antibacterial agents in shrimp aquaculture.

利用植物绿色生物合成纳米银已成为开发抗致命病原体强效剂的一种很有前途的方法。本研究评估了从棘叶提取物中绿色生产纳米银（AgNPs）及其抗菌性能，作为对虾养殖中细菌挑战的可持续解决方案。6 h后通过监测颜色变化来证实AgNPs的合成。利用紫外-可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、原子力显微镜（AFM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能量色散x射线（EDX）分析对合成的粒子进行了表征。合成的银纳米粒子紫外可见光谱在λmax = 400 nm处出现特征吸收峰，证实了AgNPs的成功形成。傅里叶红外光谱分析表明，银质纳米粒子可能与黄针叶提取物中的活性物质相互作用，从而促进银纳米粒子的形成和稳定。扫描电镜成像显示颗粒呈球形，无聚集。AFM形貌分析表明，AgNPs为球形多分散颗粒，平均粒径为86.86 nm。通过圆盘扩散实验，纳米颗粒对1000 mg/mL浓度的副溶血性弧菌的抑菌带为15±0.8 mm，对250 mg/mL的假异单胞菌的抑菌带为12±0.4 mm，对250 mg/mL的希氏希瓦氏菌的抑菌带为13±0.7 mm。副溶血性弧菌在此剂量下表现出最大的脆弱性，而在30 μg时表现出对抗生素土霉素的耐药性。该植物绿色生产的AgNPs具有较强的生物活性，可作为对虾养殖中的抗菌剂。

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引用次数: 0

Quantum nanomaterials in breath-based biosensing: A paradigm shift in non-invasive disease diagnostics 基于呼吸的生物传感中的量子纳米材料：非侵入性疾病诊断的范式转变

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100632

Lovepreet Singh , Harshita Jain , Samandeep Kaur , Sakshi Sharma , Humphrey Sam Samuel , Sweety

The quest for non-invasive, rapid, and highly sensitive diagnostic technologies has catalyzed the development of breath-based biosensing platforms. Exhaled human breath contains a complex array of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that reflect metabolic and pathological changes, offering a rich source of real-time biomarkers. This review comprehensively examines the biochemical origins and disease-specific signatures of VOCs, alongside a comparative assessment of breath with other biofluids such as blood, saliva, and urine. Particular emphasis is placed on emerging quantum nanomaterials including quantum dots, MXenes, black phosphorus, and perovskite nanocrystals which offer exceptional sensitivity, selectivity, and room-temperature operability in VOC detection. We explore signal transduction mechanisms such as fluorescence quenching, chemiresistive sensing, and resonance energy transfer, and highlight their integration into smart diagnostic platforms enabled by artificial intelligence, microfluidics, and IoT technologies. Applications across metabolic disorders, cancers, respiratory diseases, and hepatic dysfunctions are critically analyzed. Finally, current limitations in VOC standardization, sensor degradation, and environmental interference are discussed, with a forward-looking perspective on clinical translation. This review offers a unified framework bridging material innovation, breathomics, and digital health, underscoring the transformative potential of quantum nanomaterial-enabled breath sensors for next-generation personalized diagnostics.

对非侵入性、快速和高灵敏度诊断技术的追求促进了基于呼吸的生物传感平台的发展。人类呼出的气体中含有一系列复杂的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs），反映了代谢和病理变化，提供了丰富的实时生物标志物来源。本综述全面考察了挥发性有机化合物的生化起源和疾病特异性特征，并对呼吸与其他生物流体（如血液、唾液和尿液）进行了比较评估。特别强调的是新兴的量子纳米材料，包括量子点、MXenes、黑磷和钙钛矿纳米晶体，它们在VOC检测中提供了卓越的灵敏度、选择性和室温可操作性。我们探索了信号转导机制，如荧光猝灭、化学感应和共振能量转移，并强调了它们与人工智能、微流体和物联网技术支持的智能诊断平台的集成。应用在代谢紊乱，癌症，呼吸系统疾病和肝功能障碍进行了严格的分析。最后，讨论了目前VOC标准化、传感器降解和环境干扰方面的局限性，并对临床翻译进行了前瞻性的展望。这篇综述为材料创新、呼吸组学和数字健康提供了一个统一的框架，强调了量子纳米材料呼吸传感器在下一代个性化诊断方面的变革潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Co-apatite phosphate compound: High-Performance corrosion inhibition in highly aggressive HCl solution (1.0 M and 5.0 M) and biological assessment 共磷灰石磷酸盐化合物：在高腐蚀性HCl溶液（1.0 M和5.0 M）中具有高性能的缓蚀性和生物评价

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100593

Nouhaila Ferraa , Moussa Ouakki , Mariam Barrahi , Mohammed Cherkaoui , Mounia Bennani Ziatni

In this study, a novel inorganic Co-Apatite Phosphate substituted with cobalt ions (named CCP) of formula Co₂Ca₆(HPO₄)(PO₄)₅(OH) was synthesized and evaluated for its multifunctional properties, encompassing corrosion inhibition, as well as antibacterial and antifungal activities. The synthesis process was conducted following a green chemistry approach and the phosphate compound was thoroughly analyzed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical techniques were employed to investigate the corrosion prevention performance against carbon steel in two different hydrogen chloride acidic medium concentrations (5.0 M and 1.0 M HCl). The inhibitor demonstrates excellent performance in both mildly and highly acidic environments. In less corrosive environment of 1.0 M HCl, the inhibition efficiency is estimated to be 96.4 %, while under more corrosive 5.0 M HCl, the efficiency remains high at 90 %. In addition, biological assays revealed that the material exhibited notable antibacterial activity and antifungal effectiveness against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. These results confirm the potentiality of CCP as a green multifunctional inhibitor effective in both harsh and microbially active environments (antimicrobial and antifungal).

在这项研究中，合成了一种新型无机钴离子取代钴离子的Co-Apatite磷酸盐（命名为CCP），其分子式为Co2Ca6(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH)，并对其多功能性能进行了评价，包括缓蚀，抗菌和抗真菌活性。采用绿色化学方法进行合成，并利用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散x射线能谱（SEM/EDX）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和x射线衍射（XRD）对磷酸化合物进行了全面分析。采用电化学技术研究了两种不同浓度氯化氢酸性介质（5.0 M和1.0 M HCl）对碳钢的防腐性能。该抑制剂在弱酸性和强酸性环境中均表现出优异的性能。在腐蚀性较弱的1.0 M HCl环境下，缓蚀率为96.4%，而在腐蚀性较强的5.0 M HCl环境下，缓蚀率仍高达90%。此外，生物实验表明，该材料对革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性菌均具有显著的抗菌活性和抗真菌活性。这些结果证实了CCP作为一种绿色多功能抑制剂的潜力，在恶劣和微生物活性环境（抗菌和抗真菌）中都有效。

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引用次数: 0

Eco-friendly dyeing of polyester with natural colorants extracted from jackfruit wood shavings: Insights into fabric performance, chromatic parameters, and flame retardancy 利用从菠萝蜜木屑中提取的天然着色剂对涤纶进行环保染色：洞察织物性能、色彩参数和阻燃性

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100596

Md. Abdullah Al Mamun, Md Khalilur Rahman, Md. Tareque Rahaman, Arnob Dhar Pranta

Growing environmental concerns associated with petroleum-based synthetic dyes have intensified the demand of sustainable natural colorants for textile applications. This research evaluates jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) wood shavings, an underutilized agricultural byproduct, as a renewable dye source for polyester dyeing, including its dual significance in waste valorization and environmentally sustainable processing. The colorant was extracted through alkaline extraction at 100 °C for 60 min, and polyester fabrics were subsequently dyed under systematically varied dyeing process parameters, including time (20–120 min), temperature (80–160 °C), and pH (4, 7, 9). FTIR spectroscopy revealed the presence of characteristic polyester bands alongside additional absorption features, indicative of interactions between dye constituents and the fiber surface. Dyeing induced measurable modifications in fabric performance, including reduced air permeability attributable to surface deposition and limited moisture transfer as evidenced by near-zero bottom-surface wetting and a negative one-way transport index. Chromatic assessment demonstrated that dyeing parameters significantly influenced chromatic parameters, with maximum color strength reaching (K/S) 10.39. Samples dyed at 140 °C for 100 min exhibited enhanced flame retardancy (29.1 s) and excellent wash, rubbing, light, and perspiration fastness (ratings 4–5). Acidic pH improved wash fastness, whereas neutral pH yielded superior rubbing, light, and perspiration resistance. The findings establish jackfruit wood shavings as a promising sustainable colorant capable of imparting functional and aesthetic value to polyester textiles.

与石油基合成染料相关的日益增长的环境问题加剧了对可持续天然着色剂用于纺织品的需求。本研究评估了菠萝蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus）木屑作为一种未充分利用的农业副产品，作为聚酯染色的可再生染料来源，包括其在废物增值和环境可持续处理方面的双重意义。在100°C下碱性萃取60 min提取着色剂，然后在不同的染色工艺参数下对涤纶织物进行染色，包括时间（20-120 min）、温度（80-160°C）和pH（4,7,9）。FTIR光谱揭示了特征聚酯带的存在以及额外的吸收特征，表明染料成分与纤维表面之间的相互作用。染色对织物性能产生了可测量的改变，包括由于表面沉积而导致的透气性降低和有限的水分转移，这可以通过接近零的底面润湿和负的单向传输指数来证明。色度评价表明染色参数对色度参数影响显著，最大色强达到（K/S） 10.39。在140°C下染色100分钟的样品表现出增强的阻燃性（29.1 s）和优异的洗涤，摩擦，光和排汗牢度（等级4-5）。酸性酸碱度提高了洗涤牢度，而中性酸碱度产生了优异的摩擦、耐光性和耐汗性。研究结果表明，菠萝蜜木屑是一种很有前途的可持续着色剂，能够赋予聚酯纺织品功能和美学价值。

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引用次数: 0

From surface chemistry to nuclear targeting: The multifaceted challenge of genetic delivery via inorganic nanoparticles 从表面化学到核靶向：通过无机纳米颗粒传递基因的多方面挑战

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100586

Cecilia Vasti , Ludmila D'Alessandro , Dariana Aristizabal Bedoya , Laura E. Valenti , Carla E. Giacomelli

The delivery of therapeutic genes represents a transformative strategy for the treatment of genetic and complex diseases. Despite the clinical success of viral vectors, their high cost, immunogenicity, and limited cargo capacity underscore the need for safer and more versatile alternatives. Nonviral delivery systems, particularly inorganic nanoparticles, have emerged as promising carriers owing to their structural stability, tunable surface chemistry, and ability to accommodate diverse genetic cargos. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the multifaceted biological barriers that limit the efficacy of inorganic delivery systems, from extracellular stability and protein corona formation to cell internalization, endosomal escape, and nuclear translocation. We highlight recent advances in the rational design of inorganic nanoparticles (including gold, iron oxide, mesoporous silica, layered double hydroxides, and calcium phosphate) that address these challenges through tailored physicochemical properties, functional coatings, and stimuli-responsive behaviors. Particular attention is given to their applications in gene silencing, genome editing, and nucleic acid–based vaccines, where they act as multifunctional platforms integrating therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities. Although significant progress has been achieved, critical translational hurdles remain, including large-scale reproducibility, long-term safety, and standardized characterization of nanoparticle–biological interactions. Inorganic nanoparticles provide modular, stable, and tunable carriers for nucleic acid delivery, yet their transfection efficiencies typically remain below 10 %, substantially lower than viral or lipid delivery systems. Despite significant advances in design and mechanistic understanding, clinical translation has not yet been achieved. Current efforts prioritize niche applications where inorganic systems complement lipid nanoparticles, especially in targeted or multifunctional (theranostic) gene therapies.

治疗性基因的传递代表了一种治疗遗传性和复杂疾病的变革性策略。尽管病毒载体在临床取得了成功，但它们的高成本、免疫原性和有限的载货能力强调需要更安全、更通用的替代品。非病毒传递系统，特别是无机纳米颗粒，由于其结构稳定性、可调节的表面化学性质和容纳多种基因货物的能力，已成为有前途的载体。这篇综述全面分析了限制无机递送系统效能的多方面生物障碍，从细胞外稳定性和蛋白冠形成到细胞内化、内体逃逸和核易位。我们重点介绍了无机纳米颗粒（包括金、氧化铁、介孔二氧化硅、层状双氢氧化物和磷酸钙）合理设计的最新进展，这些纳米颗粒通过定制物理化学性质、功能涂层和刺激响应行为来解决这些挑战。特别关注它们在基因沉默、基因组编辑和核酸疫苗中的应用，在这些领域，它们作为综合治疗和诊断能力的多功能平台。尽管取得了重大进展，但关键的转化障碍仍然存在，包括大规模可重复性、长期安全性以及纳米颗粒-生物相互作用的标准化表征。无机纳米颗粒为核酸传递提供了模块化、稳定和可调的载体，但它们的转染效率通常低于10%，大大低于病毒或脂质传递系统。尽管在设计和机制理解方面取得了重大进展，但临床翻译尚未实现。目前的努力优先考虑无机系统补充脂质纳米颗粒的利基应用，特别是在靶向或多功能（治疗性）基因治疗中。

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引用次数: 0

Eco-friendly synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Dillenia indica leaf extract: Characterization and evaluation of biological properties 利用籼稻叶提取物环保合成氧化锌纳米颗粒：生物学特性表征与评价

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100623

Md Riazul Islam , Shyama Prosad Moulick , Imrul Hasan Bhuiyan , Md. Sahadat Hossain , Subarna Sandhani Dey , Sadia Afrin Chhanda , Firoz Ahmed , Md. Farid Ahmed , Tanvir Muslim

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using Dillenia indica leaf extract, and their structural, morphological, and functional properties were analyzed. UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of ZnO NPs with an absorption peak at ∼360 nm with a band gap energy of 3.20 eV obtained from the UV-Visible reflectance spectra. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure, with average crystallite sizes of 26.69 nm for non-calcined and 25.47 nm for calcined samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed spherical morphology with average particle sizes of 32 nm (non-calcined) and 27 nm (calcined). Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) confirmed zinc and oxygen presence, with a trace of carbon in non-calcined samples indicating phytochemical residues. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) exhibited larger hydrodynamic sizes (270.7 nm for non-calcined, 150.7 nm for calcined), while zeta potential values (−50.9 mV non-calcined, −51.7 mV calcined) indicated high colloidal stability. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) highlighted organic functional groups in non-calcined samples, which diminished after calcination. The thermal analysis revealed excellent thermal stability of ZnO nanoparticles, with minimal mass loss (2.27%) up to 1200 °C, highlighting their suitability for high-temperature applications. Antimicrobial studies showed moderate activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with non-calcined ZnO NPs exhibiting slightly better performance. The antioxidant assays demonstrated that non-calcined ZnO NPs had superior radical scavenging activity, potentially due to retained bioactive phytochemicals. These findings suggest that the green synthesis of ZnO NPs using D.indica provides a viable method for producing bioactive nanomaterials with potential applications in antimicrobial and antioxidant domains.

以籼稻叶提取物为原料合成氧化锌纳米颗粒，并对其结构、形态和功能特性进行了分析。紫外可见光谱证实了ZnO NPs的存在，其吸收峰位于~ 360 nm处，带隙能量为3.20 eV。x射线衍射（XRD）结果显示，样品为六方纤锌矿晶体结构，未煅烧样品的平均晶粒尺寸为26.69 nm，煅烧样品的平均晶粒尺寸为25.47 nm。扫描电镜（SEM）显示为球形形貌，平均粒径为32 nm（未煅烧）和27 nm（煅烧）。能量色散x射线分析（EDAX）证实了锌和氧的存在，未煅烧样品中的微量碳表明植物化学残留物。动态光散射（DLS）表现出较大的流体动力学尺寸（未煅烧时为270.7 nm，煅烧时为150.7 nm），而zeta电位值（未煅烧时为- 50.9 mV，煅烧时为- 51.7 mV）表明胶体稳定性高。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）在未煅烧的样品中突出了有机官能团，煅烧后有机官能团减少。热分析表明，ZnO纳米颗粒具有优异的热稳定性，在1200°C下具有最小的质量损失（2.27%），突出了其高温应用的适用性。抗菌研究表明，氧化锌纳米颗粒对革兰氏阳性菌的活性中等，未煅烧的氧化锌纳米颗粒表现出稍好的性能。抗氧化实验表明，未煅烧的ZnO NPs具有更好的自由基清除活性，这可能是由于保留了生物活性植物化学物质。这些发现表明，利用紫菜绿色合成氧化锌纳米粒子为制备具有生物活性的纳米材料提供了一种可行的方法，在抗菌和抗氧化领域具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of calcium silicate based high density structural flame-retardant composites developed using waste marble powder and sugarcane bagasse ash for flame retardancy applications 以废大理石粉和蔗渣灰为原料研制的硅酸钙基高密度结构阻燃复合材料的优化

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2026.100630

Mathew Magombe, Vianney Andrew Yiga, Medard Turyasingura, Mackay Okure, Michael Lubwama

Calcium silicate powder was produced by calcining a mixture of 1:1 wt of acetic-treated waste marble powder and hydrochloric acid-treated sugar cane bagasse ash. Waste marble powder was calcined at 700, 800, and 900 °C. Ordinary Portland cement binder was added before compressing at pressures of 15, 20, and 25 MPa. The composites were formulated with 10–30 g of cement binder and 15 wt% water in each mixture. Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used to determine the effects of calcination temperature, Ordinary Portland cement binder amount and pressing pressure on density, thermal conductivity, water absorption and compressive strength. XRF, XRD and SEM were used to determine the chemical compositions, phases and microstructures. XRD results showed that the developed high density structural flame-retardant composites were crystalline and consisted of tobermorite and calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H), which were responsible for enhancing the flame-retardant and mechanical strength. SEM images showed the existence of micro-pores which affected the thermal conductivity behavior. The optimized high density structural flame-retardant composite had the maximum compressive strength of 62.8 MPa, thermal conductivity of 0.02 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, water absorption 6.5% and density of 2058.24 kg m⁻³. This further suggests that the developed high density structural flame-retardant composites produced from these wastes may be used to thermally insulate the internal lining of buildings.

将经醋酸处理的废大理石粉与经盐酸处理的甘蔗渣灰以1:1 wt混合煅烧制得硅酸钙粉体。废大理石粉在700、800和900 °C下煅烧。在压力分别为15、20、25 MPa的条件下，先加入普通硅酸盐水泥粘结剂进行压缩。复合材料的配方为10-30 g水泥粘结剂和15 wt%的水。采用Box-Behnken响应面法测定了煅烧温度、普通硅酸盐水泥粘结剂用量和压紧压力对水泥密度、导热系数、吸水率和抗压强度的影响。采用XRF、XRD、SEM等方法对其化学成分、物相及显微组织进行了表征。XRD结果表明，所制得的高密度结构阻燃复合材料呈结晶状，主要由托贝莫来石和水化硅酸钙（C-S-H）组成，其阻燃性能和机械强度均有显著提高。SEM图像显示，微孔的存在影响了材料的导热性能。优化后的高密度结构阻燃复合材料最大抗压强度为62.8 MPa，导热系数为0.02 W m−1 K−1，吸水率为6.5%，密度为2058.24 kg m−3。这进一步表明，利用这些废弃物制备的高密度结构阻燃复合材料可用于建筑物内层的隔热。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical and volumetric expansion of expandable polystyrene subjected to fuel material for self-sealing composite coating applications 自密封复合涂层中受燃料材料影响的可膨胀聚苯乙烯的机械和体积膨胀

Hybrid Advances

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.hybadv.2025.100583

Md Shaheen Mahmood , Sabrina Islam , Vamshi M. Korivi , Kumar B. Kulkarni , Z. Shaghayegh Bagheri , Ali Beheshti

Expandable polystyrene is widely used in several industries as a sealing medium due to its desirable mechanical properties, durability, and high-volume expansion. In particular, it has been employed as embedded beads in emerging composite self-sealing coatings for fuel tank applications. To optimize the performance of these composite coatings and support modeling and simulation (M&S) efforts, fundamental mechanical data of the expandable beads is essential. Yet, such data is currently lacking in the literature. This experimental study investigates the volumetric expansion, surface morphology, and mechanical properties of polystyrene beads before and after exposure to Jet-A fuel. The volumetric expansion of beads was measured using an optical microscope, where their surface behavior was assessed before and after fuel exposure to evaluate changes in morphology. Results showcase a considerable mean swelling ratio of approximately 12. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed an adhesiveness effect among the beads following fuel exposure, contributing to their sealing behavior. In addition, to investigate the mechanical properties of the beads before and after exposure, a flat-tip micro-indentation technique was employed. The results showed that the expanded beads underwent significantly greater deformation and a drop in stiffness (more than 16-fold) compared to their dry counterparts. Both dry and expanded beads exhibited creep behavior, with the expanded beads demonstrating a higher degree of creep (approximately 12 times higher). These findings provide both qualitative and quantitative insights into the volumetric and mechanical changes of the expandable beads at room temperature subjected to fuel.

可膨胀聚苯乙烯由于其理想的机械性能、耐久性和高体积膨胀性而被广泛应用于几个工业中作为密封介质。特别是，它已被用作嵌入珠，用于油箱应用的新兴复合自密封涂层。为了优化这些复合涂层的性能并支持建模和仿真（M&；S）工作，可膨胀珠的基本力学数据是必不可少的。然而，目前在文献中缺乏这样的数据。本实验研究考察了聚苯乙烯微球接触Jet-A燃料前后的体积膨胀、表面形貌和力学性能。使用光学显微镜测量微球的体积膨胀，在燃料暴露前后评估其表面行为以评估形态变化。结果显示相当可观的平均肿胀比约为12。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析显示，在燃料暴露后，微珠之间存在粘附效应，有助于其密封行为。此外，为了研究暴露前后珠粒的力学性能，采用了平头微压痕技术。结果表明，与干燥的珠粒相比，膨胀的珠粒经历了更大的变形和刚度下降（超过16倍）。干粒和膨胀粒均表现出蠕变行为，膨胀粒表现出更高的蠕变程度（约高12倍）。这些发现为室温下受燃料影响的可膨胀微珠的体积和力学变化提供了定性和定量的见解。

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引用次数: 0