Suicide attempt and its determinants among adolescents and youth in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

IF 3.4 2区医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY BMC Psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI:10.1186/s12888-025-06574-0

Yeshiwas Ayale Ferede, Worku Chekol Tassew, Agerie Mengistie Zeleke, Jember Ayelgne Beyene, Yosef Aragaw Gonete, Moges Tadesse Abebe

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Abstract

Background: Suicide is a critical public health concern globally, and adolescents and youth are particularly vulnerable. In Ethiopia, suicide attempts among this population are alarmingly prevalent, yet the magnitude and determinants remain insufficiently understood. A systematic review and meta-analysis are essential to comprehensively synthesize the evidence and guide targeted interventions. This review aims to establish a pooled prevalence and identify factors associated with suicide attempts among adolescents and youth aged 10-24 years in Ethiopia.

Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, African Journal Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar. The quality of each original study was assessed with a modified Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool tailored for cross-sectional research. The Cochrane Q and I² test statistics were used to assess heterogeneity across studies. A random effects model was employed to calculate the pooled estimate of suicide attempts among adolescents and youth.

Results: The pooled estimate of suicide attempts among Ethiopian adolescents and youth covering the age range from 10 to 24 years was 12.38% (95% CI: 8.72, 16.05). Key associated factors included being female (POR = 2.31; 95% CI: 1.44, 3.71), poor social support (POR = 3.44; 95% CI: 1.89, 6.23), a family history of suicide attempts (POR = 5.67; 95% CI: 3.98, 8.08), and disappointing school results (POR = 3.16; 95% CI: 2.33, 4.28).

Conclusion: The study reveals that nearly one in eight adolescents and youth in Ethiopia have experienced a suicide attempt. Being female, experiencing poor social support, having disappointing academic results, and having a family history of suicide attempts are significant risk factors. The Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), policymakers, and stakeholders should prioritize mental health initiatives aimed at prevention, establishing school support systems, raising community awareness, and providing family counseling services.

Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

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埃塞俄比亚青少年自杀企图及其决定因素：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

背景：自杀是全球重大的公共卫生问题，青少年和青年尤其容易受到伤害。在埃塞俄比亚，这一人群中自杀企图的普遍程度令人震惊，但其规模和决定因素仍未得到充分了解。系统回顾和荟萃分析对于综合证据和指导有针对性的干预措施至关重要。本综述旨在建立埃塞俄比亚10-24岁青少年和青少年自杀企图的综合患病率，并确定与自杀企图相关的因素。方法：系统检索PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、African Journal Online （AJOL）、谷歌Scholar等文献。每个原始研究的质量都是用乔安娜布里格斯研究所（JBI）为横断面研究量身定制的改进工具来评估的。采用Cochrane Q和I²检验统计量评估各研究的异质性。采用随机效应模型计算青少年和青少年自杀企图的汇总估计值。结果：埃塞俄比亚青少年和年龄在10至24岁之间的年轻人自杀企图的汇总估计为12.38% （95% CI: 8.72, 16.05）。主要相关因素包括女性(POR = 2.31；95% CI: 1.44, 3.71)，社会支持差(POR = 3.44；95% CI: 1.89, 6.23)，有自杀企图家族史(POR = 5.67；95% CI: 3.98, 8.08)，以及令人失望的学习成绩(POR = 3.16；95% ci: 2.33, 4.28)。结论：该研究表明，埃塞俄比亚近八分之一的青少年和青年经历过自杀企图。作为女性，缺乏社会支持，学业成绩不理想，有自杀企图的家族史都是重要的风险因素。联邦卫生部（FMOH）、政策制定者和利益相关者应优先考虑旨在预防、建立学校支持系统、提高社区意识和提供家庭咨询服务的精神卫生行动。临床试验号：不适用。

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来源期刊

BMC Psychiatry 医学-精神病学

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

4.50%

发文量

716

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Psychiatry is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.