Association between plasma short-chain fatty acids and inflammation in human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurocognitive disorder: a pilot study.

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Lipids in Health and Disease Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI:10.1186/s12944-025-02477-x

Xue Chen, Jiaqi Wei, Ling Zhang, Hu Wang, Yang Zhang, Zhen Li, Xia Wang, Lifeng Liu, Yulin Zhang, Tong Zhang

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Abstract

Background and aims: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), key metabolites produced by gut microbiota, have neuroprotective effects in neurodegenerative diseases by modulating immune responses. However, their role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains largely unexplored.

Methods: We recruited HAND patients, HIV Control, and healthy controls (HC). Plasma SCFAs and SCFA-producing gut microbiota were quantified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and fecal metagenomic analysis. Inflammatory cytokine levels were measured using liquid chromatography. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the predictive accuracy of SCFAs for HAND.

Results: Plasma SCFAs were significantly reduced in HAND patients, correlating with a decrease in SCFA-producing gut bacteria, such as Prevotella and its related species. Reduced SCFAs were positively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines and cognitive impairment, while being negatively correlated with anti-inflammatory cytokines. ROC curve analysis demonstrated that several SCFAs exhibited strong predictive accuracy for HAND status.

Conclusions: SCFAs may influence cognitive function by modulating inflammatory responses, and identifies plasma SCFAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HAND. Further investigation is needed to delineate the mechanisms that SCFAs influence HAND pathology.

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来源期刊

Lipids in Health and Disease 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.20%

发文量

122

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Lipids in Health and Disease is an open access, peer-reviewed, journal that publishes articles on all aspects of lipids: their biochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, role in health and disease, and the synthesis of new lipid compounds. Lipids in Health and Disease is aimed at all scientists, health professionals and physicians interested in the area of lipids. Lipids are defined here in their broadest sense, to include: cholesterol, essential fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, phospholipids, inositol lipids, second messenger lipids, enzymes and synthetic machinery that is involved in the metabolism of various lipids in the cells and tissues, and also various aspects of lipid transport, etc. In addition, the journal also publishes research that investigates and defines the role of lipids in various physiological processes, pathology and disease. In particular, the journal aims to bridge the gap between the bench and the clinic by publishing articles that are particularly relevant to human diseases and the role of lipids in the management of various diseases.