Mesoporous Bioactive Glass-Based Composite Cryogel for Noncompressible Hemorrhage

Abstract

Uncontrollable bleeding is one of the important causes of death in war, road traffic injuries, surgical accidents, and other accidents. Using hemostatic materials to control bleeding quickly and effectively can improve the survival rate of patients, especially for incompressible visceral bleeding. Traditional inorganic materials and natural polymers alone still have limitations, such as non-degradability and ineffective control of bleeding through wounds. In this work, we designed a cryogel sponge combined Mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) with Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA), which has enhanced mechanical strength and improved in vitro coagulation properties. And MBG@GelMA cryogel could absorb water more than 5 times in 5 min, while it also demonstrates significant improvement in mechanical strength from 4 kap to 12 kpa. Additionally, MBG@GelMA cryogel showed excellent biocompatibility and hemostatic performance. The multi-stage pore structure and hydrophilicity of frozen gel and MBG help to concentrate blood quickly and activate endogenous coagulation pathway through the release of calcium ions to promote coagulation. The findings of this study demonstrate that the MBG@GelMA composite cryogel possesses outstanding properties in terms of hemostasis, portability, and ease of use, suggesting its remarkable potential as a promptly applicable hemostatic material in both civil and military settings.